Student

Maimuna Amade Salimo

Tema:Alimentação na Gravidez

Assessment work to be
delivered to the educational institution at

Nutrition chair, taught by

Docente:Teodónio Namagoa

Avicenna Health Institute

Nampula

2021
Index
Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 4

Nutrition during pregnancy................................................................................................................. 5

Convivendo ..................................................................................................................................... 6

Main nutrients to be consumed in all phases of pregnancy.

The Essentials

Foods that pregnant women should avoid

Advantages of prioritizing a balanced diet during pregnancy ................................................ 9

Conclusion.................................................................................................................... 10

Bibliography ................................................................................................................................... 11
Introduction

The present work related to the Nutrition course, which I will address about Feeding in
pregnancy. It is worth mentioning that proper nutrition throughout the gestational period plays a role
determinant of outcomes related to mother and baby. Contributes to the prevention of a
series of negative occurrences, ensures the biological reserves necessary for childbirth and postpartum,
ensures substrate for the lactation period, as well as promotes adequate weight gain
according to the pre-pregnancy nutritional status. It is emphasized that the inadequacy of weight gain
weight during pregnancy has been identified as a risk factor for both the mother and the
child, contributing to the increase in the prevalence of a range of problems.

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Nutrition during pregnancy

Pregnancy is a period that lasts about 40 weeks (280 days) and is the result of the process of
fertilization of an ovum by a spermatozoon and subsequent attachment of the zygote in the cavity
uterine. Pregnancy involves the development of the fetus inside the woman's uterus and is a
period that extends until the expulsion of the baby at the time of birth.

Pregnancy is a very delicate moment in a woman's life and involves changes in

body and psychological changes. In light of this delicate moment, it is important that the woman
get to know well the changes that will occur in your body during these months and have
specialized monitoring. Care should be even greater in those pregnancies
considered risky.

Nutrition is the process by which organisms obtain and assimilate food or nutrients.
for your vital functions, including growth, movement, reproduction, and maintenance of
body temperature. In vernacular language, diet is the set of habits and
substances that man uses, not only in relation to his vital functions, but also as a
element of your culture and to maintain or improve your health.

A healthy diet, contrary to what many think, is not a diet full

of restrictions or tastelessness. A healthy diet is one that ensures, mainly, that
your body is receiving all the nutrients it needs. To be a diet
truly healthy, it is necessary to think about variety, balance, quantity, and safety of the
foods that are being consumed.

A good diet during pregnancy helps control maternal weight gain during the
period. Thus, preventing the occurrence of diseases that may be related, such as
gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia.

In this way, maintaining a balanced diet helps in the development of the baby and contributes to
may the mother have a peaceful pregnancy. In addition, the right foods ensure that the
a woman should have the necessary biological reserves also for the postpartum phase. Consequently,
favoring the baby's feeding and contributing to improving their immune system.

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It is important that during pregnancy the woman has a balanced diet that contains
all the nutrients needed for both the mother's health and the baby's development.
The diet should be rich in proteins, fruits, and vegetables, and should include foods rich in
folic acid, iron, calcium, zinc, omega-2, vitamin A and vitamin B12.

Therefore, a good diet is essential to meet one's nutritional needs.

woman and the developing fetus, besides being important to help prepare the body
maternal for childbirth and to stimulate milk production. Furthermore, during pregnancy the
a woman should not follow any diet to lose weight and her diet does not need to have great
restrictions, but should stay healthy and have regular hours so that the baby receives the
nutrients regularly and maintain your development properly. Pregnancy is a
moment to make healthy choices, in order to gain only the necessary weight for the
increase of maternal tissues and the development of the baby.

Pregnancy is not a time to follow restrictive diets or to lose weight. On the other hand, it also
does not mean eating excessively, or 'eating for two'.

The appropriate weight gain in the first trimester of pregnancy is 1.5 to 2.0 kg. From this point on,
It is recommended to gain an additional 1.5 to 2.0 kg per month to reach the end of the pregnancy.
with 7.0 to 15.0 kg more at most.

Living together

The nine months of pregnancy require a balanced diet, with all groups.
food-related, which does not mean eating excessively. But, at certain times, the
the consumption of certain nutrients should be reinforced. That old story that one should eat for
Two during pregnancy is outdated. The secret lies in the choice of nutrients, which need to
to be consumed properly in each phase of pregnancy, to ensure the health of the baby and the
future mother.

It is during this period, therefore, that the diet needs to be selected and much more balanced.
Of course, nothing replaces medical follow-up and the tests that need to be done.
during prenatal care.

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Key nutrients to be consumed during all stages of pregnancy.

FIRST QUARTER

Folic acid—or vitamin B9—is the nutrient most commonly used by pregnant women and recommended by
Doctors and it's no coincidence. Its intake prevents defects in the formation of the neural tube of the fetus.

(structure that will give rise to the brain and spinal cord). A large part of gynecologists and
obstetricians recommend that women who wish to get pregnant should start taking vitamin B9 by
three months before conception and continue your intake in the first trimester of pregnancy.
Doctors make this recommendation because adequate levels of folic acid are not always
obtained only through diet.

SECOND QUARTER

Vitamin C: acts in the formation of collagen, which makes up skin, blood vessels, bones and
cartilage increases iron absorption and strengthens the immune system.

Magnesium: the mineral that promotes the formation and growth of the body's tissues.

Vitamin B6: important for fetal growth and weight gain and prevention of
postpartum depression.

Iron: it is essential in the production of hemoglobin, the protein responsible for transportation of
oxygen through the blood. It prevents the mother or the baby from having anemia.

THIRD QUARTER

Calcium: due to its role in the baby's bone formation, the mineral is mandatory in the diet of
future mother. Your deficiency can cause cavities, cramps, and brittle nails. Calcium has
another noble function: that of assisting in milk production after childbirth. It also helps in the process of

blood coagulation and the maintenance of blood pressure, heartbeats and the
muscle contractions. But here's a tip: avoid consuming sources of iron and calcium together, such as
meat and milk, as one nutrient hinders the absorption of the other.

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The Essentials

During the nine months, in addition to a balanced diet, specialists recommend nutrients that
cannot be left out of the daily menu for a healthy pregnancy:

CARBOHYDRATES: Provide energy for the woman's body and the

baby development. The pregnant woman should prioritize complex carbohydrates,
found, for example, in whole grain breads and cereals, which are absorbed more
slowly.
PHOSPHORUS: It participates, like calcium, in the formation of dental buds and the skeleton.
fetal. Sources: lean meats and dairy products;
PROTEINS: Responsible for building, maintaining, and renewing the tissues of the mother and the
baby. Found in meats, beans, milk and dairy products;
VITAMIN D: Along with periodic sunbathing, it is essential for calcium absorption.
in our bones. Found in enriched milk, butter, eggs, and liver;
Lipids (FATS): They promote the absorption of vitamins (vitamin A, D, E, and K) and
contain essential fatty acids for the formation of the central nervous system of the fetus.
Sources: meats, milk and dairy products, avocado, olive oil, and salmon, among others;

NIACIN (VITAMIN B3): Stimulates the fetal brain development and transforms
glucose into energy. Sources: vegetables, legumes, egg yolk, lean meat, milk and
derivatives;
PYRIDOXINE (VITAMIN B6): Important for growth and weight gain
fetus, primarily from the second trimester of pregnancy. Helps in the prevention of
postpartum depression. Main sources: wheat, corn, liver, chicken, fish, milk and
derivatives;
THIAMINE (VITAMIN B1): It promotes energy metabolism, like niacin.
maternal and fetal, transforming glucose into energy. Sources: meats, whole grains,
fruits, eggs and vegetables;

VITAMIN A –It aids in cell and bone development and the formation of the bud.
fetal dentition. Sources: milk and dairy products, egg yolk, liver, orange, papaya, kale and
yellow vegetables.

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Food that pregnant women should avoid

During pregnancy, caffeine consumption (coffee and tea) should be moderate and preferably done
together with milk.

It is also advisable to avoid fried foods, fats, and foods with a strong and unpleasant smell.
as well as condiments (ketchup, pepper, mustard and pickles). One should also not drink
liquids during meals, in order to avoid stomach distension and slower digestion.

Other forbidden foods include: fresh cheese made from unpasteurized milk (due to the risk of being
contract brucellosis); alcohol, as it affects the baby's development; foods that increase
gas formation, such as grains, beans, cabbage, cauliflower and carbonated drinks; poorly cooked meat
passed (due to the risk of toxoplasmosis); and shellfish and mayonnaise (due to the danger of
salmonella

Advantages of prioritizing a balanced diet during pregnancy

With proper nutrition, the mother provides the necessary nutrients during her pregnancy for
the effective development of the fetus and reserving energy for breastfeeding. Thus, offering
also the substances suitable for the baby to grow strengthened.

Prioritizing good nutrition during pregnancy is an excellent way to help women to

develop new eating habits that can last after childbirth. In this way,
providing quality of life for the mother and an opportunity to introduce a diet
balanced in the baby's life from an early age.

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Conclusion

Reaching the end of the present work, it is noticed that both in women with gestation of a fetus
unique as there can be weight loss during twin pregnancies due to adaptations
hormonal. The action of estrogen can cause nausea, vomiting, and anorexia, mainly in
first trimester. Weight loss after childbirth usually occurs with greater intensity in
first three months and those who breastfeed exclusively. Nutritional supplements
they are recommended in situations where nutritional demand is not met through diet.

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Bibliography

Mattos L, Martins I. Consumption of dietary fibers in the adult population. Public Health Rev.
2000;34:50-55.

Lee, Mara, ed. (2014).Manual da Gravidez. Porto: Porto Editora. pp. 70–71.

Maggie Blott, Pregnancy Day by Day, obstetrics specialist; Brasília.

The Pregnancy Bible, Wladimir Taborda and Alice Deutsch; Luiz Fernando Leite, obstetrician
Santa Joana Hospital (SP).

American Academy of Pediatrics Pediatric Nutrition Manual. São Paulo: Pharmapress

Editions Ltda, 1992.

Franco, B.D.G.M e Landgraf, M.,Microbiologia Dos Alimentos, SP, Atheneu, 1996 (livro todo)

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