Understanding Scientific Research Methods
Understanding Scientific Research Methods
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The method is a fundamental factor for scientific activity, since the choice of
a scientific method is of utmost importance for conducting research. Such
Relevance can be observed through the analysis of the purposes of scientific activity.
and of the scientific method, to which it is possible to attribute as a central purpose:
Choose an option:
a. the verification of hypotheses.
b. the indication of the path for science to achieve its objectives.
c. the correspondence of a set of unsystematic and rational activities.
d. the connection of reality to scientific theory.
the acquisition of scientific knowledge.
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Question 3
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There are several types of research methods, which are distributed in different
categories, one of them called classical research methods. Each of the methods
Members of this category have a central foundation or purpose that distinguishes them.
of the others. One of these methods aims to explain the difficulties expressed
in a problem generated by the inability to explain a certain
phenomenon. What method would that be?
Choose an option:
a. Phenomenological.
b. Deductive.
c. Hypothetical-deductive.
d. Inductive.
e. Dialectical.
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Each study has specific purposes, which are represented and presented by
the middle of the research question, whose role is fundamental in the choice of the method to be
considered in the study development. On the other hand, the methods also have
specific purposes, which need to be considered and compared with the issue
of research so that one can identify the most appropriate method for it. After all,
each method leads the study in a particular way, to drive the generation of
knowledge. It can be illustrated with the following example: if every mammal has a
heart, and all dogs are mammals, therefore, all dogs have hearts. This example
illustrates which type of method?
Choose an option:
a. Dialectical.
b. Hypothetical-deductive.
c. Deductive.
d. Phenomenological.
e. Inductive.
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Given the importance of the research question for the choice of method, it can be stated
that the method has a strong connection with the research itself, assisting the researcher in dealing
with the problem-issues, the hypotheses and the objectives involved in the study.
Thus, the research method helps in obtaining new knowledge, in which,
depending on the purpose that the researcher wants to achieve, the research will have a bias
specific, like that aimed at explaining what belongs to a certain set. This
bias consists of:
Choose an option:
a. compare.
b. explore.
c. categorize.
d. describe.
e. evaluate.
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Text of the question
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As the hypothesis has a strong connection with the research problem, the better
elaborated for the problem, better it will be for the development of the hypothesis and the
achieving the purposes of this. However, no matter how good the problem is, it is still
the effort is necessary for the proposal of a good research hypothesis. When the
the hypothesis is well elaborated, it:
Choose an option:
a. will be confirmed as true, demonstrating that it reflected reality well.
Otherwise, it will not have been a well-formulated hypothesis.
b. will promote the testing of the research problem, determining if it is really
scientific.
c. will be confirmed as false, demonstrating that it exposed the problem in a way
deep. Otherwise, it will not have been a well-formulated hypothesis.
d. se constituirá em uma suposição provável que responde temporariamente o
problem.
It will address the problem at the beginning of the research, replacing it.
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For the development of a hypothesis, it is necessary for the researcher to make use of
some basic sources of information, forming, through them, the basis for
development of the supposed answer to the research problem. However, one of these
sources of information require special care in their use, since they can
make it difficult to determine the reasons that lead to the definition of the hypothesis and its
quality. Which of the following alternatives corresponds to this source of information?
Choose an option:
a. Conclusions from other research.
b. Intuition.
c. Observation.
d. Theories.
e. Result of previous studies.
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A hypothesis, in order to be understandable, in addition to being clear and simple, requires certain
care in its preparation, thus requiring the definition of certain principles and
criteria. Among them, the one that is directly related to the fact that the alleged
the answer to the research problem must be 'scientifically accepted' is the one that defines
a hypothesis like:
Choose an option:
a. specific.
b. consistent.
c. verifiable.
d. explanatory.
e. plausible.
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Choose an option:
a. Political positioning.
b. Income.
c. Age.
d. Social class.
e. School level.
Question 1
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The administration of a university wants to know how many people attend the
library monthly. For this, it requests a report from the library manager with the
access statistics, which requests how many people enter and leave the library and
How many of these people are university students. Based on the statement of the question, it is
Is it possible to identify the population and the sample, respectively?
Choose an option:
a. People who circulate around the university - people who circulate around the library.
b. University students – people who frequent the library.
c. People who circulate through the university - university students who attend
the library.
d. People who frequent the library–people who frequent the library.
e. People who circulate through the library – university students who attend the
biblioteca.
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Question 3
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Text of the question
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c. provide the researcher with the opportunity to review decisions that have been made
in the methodology of the study and, as a consequence, the possibility of reviewing and improving
the research planning.
d. provide the researcher with training information, contributing to the
construction of the research project.
e. provide the researcher with the necessary information that will complement the
construction of the research project.
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Question 2
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Question 3
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Frames have a ____________ stamp, used basically for the ___________ of the
information. They are generally developed based on ___________ data, and must,
therefore, to present the literal transcription of the data, accompanied by the indication of
source. Regarding your presentation, the tables are made up of lines
______________, with its ends ____________. Which of the alternatives
complete the above sentence appropriately?
Choose an option:
a. informative, analysis, secondary, vertical and horizontal, all open.
b. analytical, organization, primary, vertical and horizontal, all closed.
c. informative, organization, secondary, vertical and horizontal, all closed.
d. analytical, organization, primary, only horizontal, open sides.
e. informative, analysis, secondary, only vertical, closed on the sides.
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When preparing a scientific paper, the researcher consults various authors and works.
as a way to support their arguments. In this task, the researcher can make
use of different citation forms in order to incorporate information into your text
collected from other authors. One of these forms of citation is characterized by being the
most used in cases of classic authors, whose works are older or rare. That
What kind of citation is this?
Choose an option:
a. Direct.
b. Summary.
c. According to.
d. Reproduction.
e. Indirect.
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When indirect quotes are used, adaptations are common in the original text.
presenting the essence of the idea expressed by the author in the original text, but using
in our own words. Paraphrasing can be done in different ways, being
that one of them has as a striking feature the fact of abbreviating the time of the
researchers and disseminate information in a way that influences and encourages consultation
Of the complete text. What type of paraphrase is this?
Choose an option:
a. Development.
b. Reproduction.
c. Explanatory comment.
d. Parody.
e. Summary.
Question 1
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After World War II and the emergence of evidence of the use of people
In scientific experiments, what was created to standardize the procedures of
Who conducts research involving human beings?
Choose an option:
a. Nuremberg Code
b. Declaration of Helsinki
c. Helsinki Code
d. Belmont Report
e. Declaration of Human Rights
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Question 3
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Text of the question
What is the name of the Brazilian system created to make documents available for the
approval of scientific research?
Choose an option:
a. BDTD Platform
b. Lattes Platform
c. Caffe Platform
d. Sucupira Platform
e. Brazilian Platform
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c. When the researcher uses the text of other authors, they must reference it.
only by copying more than 4 lines of text from the other author.
d. When the researcher uses the text of other authors, he must cite and
reference the author with all their information.
e. When the researcher uses the text of other authors, they must cite it, but it is
It is optional to reference the author in the reference list.
Question 5
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About the Copyright Law, created on February 19, 1998, which consolidates the
legislation on copyright and other provisions in Brazilian territory, are
The law protects the rights of those who write a work,
both literary and artistic or scientific; II. The author's rights cannot be by
they abdicate in favor of third parties; III. It depends on the author for prior authorization of the
use of your work; IV. Upon acquiring the original of a work, the buyer becomes
holder of the copyright over it; V. The Law does not apply to treaties, conventions and
any judicial acts such as laws, decrees, etc. Which of the alternatives are true?
Choose an option:
a. Alternatives II, III, IV and V
b. The alternatives I, III and V
c. The alternatives III and V
d. The alternatives I, II, IV, and V
e. The alternatives I, III and IV
Question 1
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The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was drafted in 1948 with which
purpose?
Choose an option:
a. Contribute to the fight of society against situations of discrimination,
prejudice and oppression, valuing the notion of equality among all individuals and of
human dignity.
b. List rights that have already been guaranteed in some countries in the evolution.
of time.
c. Promote the UN Security Council to the highest deliberative body.
collegiate.
d. Create a regulatory framework that would govern a law that was superior to the
others existing in each country.
e. Establish rights to be regulated in first world countries.
Question 2
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For classification purposes, the rights were grouped into categories: first,
second and third generation. What does it refer to the rights of the second generation?
Choose an option:
a. Protection of the most vulnerable groups and the environment.
b. Civil and political rights.
c. Cyber rights.
d. Social rights (health, work, housing, the right to vote and participate in life
public.
e. Property rights and family.
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Marco (2006, p. 47) mentions that "the technological advances and scientific discoveries
they place the world in perplexity with the social and ethical values of the three generations of
"rights outlined so far," bringing to light the need to consider another generation.
of rights. What is the purpose of discussing the viability of the fourth generation of rights?
Choose an option:
a. Facilitate the stratification of rights to enhance understanding.
b. Stratification is necessary to provide greater knowledge about the
rights, since many are still disrespected.
c. This generation emerged to accompany the development of humanity and help
the right to find solutions and impose limits to respond to possible
questions that arise due to the development of innovations
technological and generic enhancement.
d. Viability has not been observed in discussing the fourth generation of rights.
A new category favors statistical analyses.
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What is the relationship established between the media's influence and people's viewpoints?
Do they have about human rights?
Choose an option:
a. Misguided vision, as it encourages everyone to seek their rights.
b. The media does not influence human rights, as this subject is already quite
consolidated among the population.
In general, the media uses sensationalism to achieve its goals in
current society, in the sense of serving the interests of the dominant classes and impacting
negatively to society.
d. Sensationalist view, overestimating the value that human rights have.
e. Reductionist view, as the media usually does not interfere in the issue of rights
humans.
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Based on the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, mark the correct alternative.
Choose an option:
a. The Inter-American Court of Human Rights is a court composed of
various treaties whose adherence is imposed on States under the threat of an attack
armed, in an extreme attempt to achieve peace.
b. A Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos é um tribunal constituído por
various multilateral treaties regarding specific violations of rights, as long as
concluded under the UN, since only UN treaties can be
considered in the regional protection system.
c. The Inter-American Court of Human Rights is a judicial and autonomous body of
OAS, created by the American Convention on Human Rights and headquartered in São
José, in Costa Rica.
d. The Inter-American Court of Human Rights is a court composed of nine
career judges, among the States Parties to the Inter-American Convention, may
judges must have the same nationality.
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Based on the procedure of the Inter-American System for the Protection of Rights
Humans, analyze the following statements and mark the correct one.
Choose an option:
a. Any person, group of people, or non-governmental entity of the State-
Part (art. 44 of the IACHR), in its own name or on behalf of third parties, can present
petitions to the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights to report violations of the
human rights against one or more OAS states.
b. The Court has the authority to interpret and apply the provisions of
International Criminal Court (ICC), exercising its jurisdiction in the States Parties
signatories of the OAS.
Only the States Parties have the legitimacy to report alleged offenses.
incurred by other member states.
d. Only individuals, in their own name or on behalf of third parties, can
present petitions to report violations of human rights against one or more
OAS states, as only they can be victims of rights violations.
humans.
e. The Court has jurisdiction only in contentious matters, being able to exercise it in the States-
Part that have recognized their competence, being necessary for their deliberation
a minimum quorum of 15 judges.
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Based on the concepts of human and fundamental rights, select the alternative
correct.
Choose an option:
a. Human rights are the rights recognized as inherent to human beings.
humans, regardless of whether they are positive or not in the legal protective system
international, just like fundamental rights, with no conceptual difference
among them.
b. The expression 'fundamental rights' has a dual meaning: one of a broad nature
(in a broad sense), that is, natural law; and another of a philosophical nature, which encompasses rights
fundamental rights in the strict sense (stricto sensu), which are rights enshrined in law
International.
c. The concepts of human and fundamental rights bring a false dichotomy,
it is important to make such a distinction, and, despite having the same empirical coincidence,
they are concepts that are found on different planes: human rights, on the plane
internal affairs of the States; and fundamental rights, on the international level.
d. The concepts of human and fundamental rights, due to their own nature, do not
they make no practical difference, with no distinction between their terms, being
considered by doctrine to be the same thing.
The concepts of human rights and fundamental rights bring a false dichotomy, and,
despite having the same empirical coincidence, they are concepts that are found in
different plans: human rights on the international level; and rights
fundamental, in the internal plan of the States.
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Question 4
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Based on the fundamental rights of the first generation, mark the correct alternative.
Choose an option:
a. The fundamental rights of the first generation are a protection of the State in
relationship with citizens, as they constitute the possibility of state interference,
that, even with abuse of power, limits the rights of citizens to freedom.
b. The fundamental rights of the first generation are characterized by being a right
positive of the State in relation to its citizens.
c. Among the rights, the fundamental first-generation rights are enshrined.
generation: the right to an ecologically balanced environment, social rights, etc.
The fundamental rights of the first generation constituted the first rights.
conquered by humanity and are based on the guarantee of freedom and security of their
citizens in relation to the State.
e. The fundamental rights of the first generation constituted the first rights
conquered by humanity and are based on the guarantee of the rights of fraternity and
solidarity.
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