Climate-Adaptive Insulated residential construction

Key Words Team Information Names

Low-Cost Housing Egypt Arid Zone Construction Climate-Resilient Structure Agricultural Waste Building Group 28101 Grade 10 Semester 1 : 2025-2026 Zein Eldeen Mostafa Adel Ahmed Ziyad Ahmed Sayed Ali Abdelbaqi Mohamed

Abstract Methods Analysis Conclusion

One of the basic environmental challenges nowadays is the spread of arid, dry areas, making Our prototype mainly aims to improve the use of arid areas in Egypt. The design requirements And finally, by using the eco-friendly materials. we were able to carry out the design
Construction methods for the project aim to meet design requirements, with improving the arid
land less productive and life more difficult. Also, climate change is a big problem facing our which are static and lateral loads, thermal isolation, and fire resistance. These requirements will requirements, which are (static load, lateral load, thermal isolation, and fire resistance) as the
area as the primary focus. Palm fronds and reeds are used as the main building
planet. That's why we had to create a project to solve these problems by building a house that make buildings cope with the harsh environment, high temperatures, and heavy storms. This type reeds (bamboo) and the palm leaf stalk will be able to hold the weight required( at least 5
material.
stays cooler, uses less energy, and adapts to all climate conditions. The main body of the walls is of building also aligns with SDG 12(sustainable cities and communities) and SDG 13(climate action) kilogram) and our prototype was able to hold 7.5 kilograms and also was able to endure 2.5
built from a combination of reed and palm leaf stalks, forming a supportive frame that carries Planning & Material preparation: because the building must be sustainable, and it must also be made with organic materials. The kilograms within the lateral load and It was also resisting to fire. And for the thermal isolation,
the roof of the building. Palm leaf stalks were chosen because they are very strong and can [Link] researched the problem and found many solutions that helped materials we have used, which are bamboo and rice straw, are burned as they have no value which the rice straw was a perfect choice as it decreased the temperature inside the house
withstand very heavy loads. Also, reeds were chosen because they are good for fire resistance. us. affect the environment badly. compared to the outside environment, and the temperature inside the house was less than
They can resist fire for more than 40 seconds. The reeds are strong and can withstand the load [Link] have made a 3D design on Blender, and this will help us outside by 5 degrees, because we are going to put the rice straw at the top of the building,
of the roof with palm leaf stalks. The palm leaf stalks and the reeds were tied together using visualize the shape of the house. The Specific Problem which is going to let the sun heat with less percentage. Our prototype dimensions are 60
cotton rope and a small amount of white glue, so they became one strong piece. The roof is built [Link] carefully chose the materials to help us with the project. The specific problem is how to improve the use of arid areas and take advantage of every space in length, 40 width, and 30 height. (which match the design requirements). Our capstone aims
from long reed poles and palm leaf stalks arranged closely together, and over them a thick layer [Link] cut the palm leaf stalk to the appropriate dimensions: 60 Egypt. By applying the eco-building, we have addressed. This problem might be solved. to build a sustainable building that can be able to cope with this harsh environment, and by
of rice straw is spread to form a natural insulating cover to make the temperature inside 5 length, 40 width, and 30 heights as shown in the figure 2 Egypt grand challenges building this building structure, we will align with the Egyptian Vision 2030 and The vision
degrees lower than outside. The design is made to withstand practical loads, supporting up to [Link] cut the reeds (bamboo) to the appropriate lengths, 25 in Our project addresses one of Egypt's most dangerous challenges, which is neglecting the use of aims to achieve comprehensive and sustainable development by the year 2030. By applying
7.5 kg at the center and 3 kilograms at the sides. To make the house easy to transport from one height, to build the walls as shown in the figure 2 arid areas. Instead of allowing these areas to remain barren and wasted, our project aims to this project in real life, it will solve many challenges that Egypt faces, as it will help in improving
Figure 2
place to another, the dimensions had to be 60±1 for length, 40±2 for width, and 30±1 for height. transform the arid areas into productive, sustainable regions that support development, reduce arid areas in Egypt and encourage people to live there, so there will be less population in the
Base & wall construction: big cities and less urban congestion, in addition to decreasing the pollution, and by decreasing
That was the best solution to build it to match the design requirements. This home not only population, decrease the population in the big cities, the pollution and open new opportunities for
[Link] tied the palm leaf stalk together with cotton rope and glue to make the base with the pollution, we will be able to solve too many health problem So by solving the problem of
protects people from heat or wind but also helps preserve the land and reduce the spread of dry, growth in Egypt.
dimensions of 60 in length and 40 in width. the arid area there will be too much positive consequences.
arid areas
[Link] tied the reeds (bamboo) together with cotton rope and glue to build the walls with Project Construction
dimensions of 25 height. 1- Palm Leaf Stalks (Supporting Columns):
[Link] left it to dry so it would hold together. They are used to construct the roof and the base of the house, which was built as a bilayer roof with
[Link] rice straw layer held by the reeds in the inner wall of the house using glue and cotton a space between them. Also, the columns that were built by them are put inside the house to Recommendations
ropes to increase thermal insulation support the roof and increase its strength.
Improvement of the project in the future:
Introduction Roof assembly: 2- Reed Stalks (Bamboo):
[Link] pre-treatment of the palm frond (e.g., soaking or intensive drying) to make it more
We tied the palm leaf stalk together with cotton rope and glue to make the roof of The walls are constructed of reed stalks, as they have high fire resistance, so that they can resist the
resistant to insects and moisture, which may increase its ability to withstand static loads.
the house. fire for a very long period. They are as strong as palm leaf stalks at enduring loads, whether vertical
About 5%of Egyptian areas is the areas which is occupied by people, and the rest, which is [Link] thermal management efficiency naturally, helping maintain an internal
The overall finishing : or horizontal. It was tied to the palm leaf stalks using cotton ropes, and to increase the strength of
about 94% is uninhabited. As Shown in the Figure 1 . And by solving the problem of the arid temperature more than 5 °C lower than the outside when exposed to direct sunlight.
We connected the household ingredients together and created the final the building, some white glue was used.
areas in Egypt too many challenges will be solved. The New Delta project is one of Egypt’s [Link] design (using treated palm grid or lightweight panels) allows the collection of small
form as shown in the figure 2 3- Rice Straw (Thermal insulated)
most effective plans to develop arid areas. Its goal is to create new agricultural and residential amounts of rainwater or dew, which is an important feature in arid areas. The building roof
Rice straw plays a very important role in thermal insulation, as it reduces the temperature inside the
communities in the desert, reducing pressure and population in the Nile Valley. By expanding design (using treated palm grids or lightweight panels) is intended to allow the collection of
house compared to the external desert environment. Therefore, we considered it an essential
farmland and providing job opportunities, the project helps build a more balanced and small amounts of rainwater or dew, which is an important feature in arid areas. This leads to
material in building the roof of the house as a thermal insulation layer.
sustainable future for Egypt. The biggest problems of the New Delta project are its very high increased self-sufficiency of the building in resources, enhances its resilience to climate
4- Slaked lime (Fire-resistant):
cost, its large need for water, the difficulty of preparing desert soil, the slow movement of change, and provides an unconventional water source.
It was used for fire resistance along with reed stalks. This is a great addition to ensure that one of
people to the new areas, and the time it takes to provide basic services there, like schools and Application of the project in reality:
the most important design requirements is met: long-term fire resistance. It is considered a thermal
hospitals. [Link] advanced building materials instead of primitive ones.
insulator, but it is slightly less effective than the thermal insulation of rice straw.
[Link] more advanced ways to build this project.
Our project aims to treat the problem of arid areas. Which is one Egypt's Land Distribution
Safety
of the biggest challenges Egypt faces in its journey toward 200 Test Plan To take care of ourselves, we followed too many Safety procedures. We were wearing lab Scientific Laws and Theories [Link] modern technologies with traditional materials
coats, gloves, and Google glasses, and this was under the supervision of the chemistry teacher. Future research:
development, growth, and catching up with advanced nations. It 180

160
1- Newton's third law [Link] of advanced manufacturing techniques for palm leaf stalk to convert them from raw
also focuses on reducing pollution in large cities like Cairo and The Test: material into a uniform construction product
= _
140
Giza by decreasing the population in these cities and pushing

FAB F BA
1000 PM).
120 Static Load: Our structure model must hold a specified weight which was at least 5 kg. [Link] a comparative study of construction, operation, and maintenance costs between
and encouraging people to live in less populated areas. 100
And we have used the palm fronds and bamboo to make the structure able to hold the weight. the 'palm frond House' model and buildings constructed with traditional materials in the
Our prototype is designed to cope with the harsh properties of the 80
targeted areas.
arid areas in Egypt, as the Egyptian deserts are characterized by
definite characteristics that make the adaptation within these areas 40
60
Lateral Load: Our structure model should withstand a lateral pressure equivalent to at least 2 FAB : The Force exerted by object A on object B Marketing:
kg of force. Also, the palm leaf stalk that we have used have achieved this design requirement. A campaign will highlight the eco-house as a climate‑resilient solution, promoting sustainable
FBA : The Force exerted by object B on object A
20
difficult. We were demanded to carry out design requirements,
0 living in Egypt’s arid zones. It will emphasize the use of agricultural waste as building material,
which are static load, as our prototype must hold at least 5 other Inhabited Uninhabited
Figure 7
Thermal Management: Show that the structure can maintain an internal temperature at least 4 raising awareness of its role in reducing pollution and supporting Egypt’s Vision 2030. The
kilograms. The second requirement is the lateral load. Our Figure 1
degrees less than the outside when exposed to direct sunlight. And we have used the rice straw As every action has a reaction equal in magnitude and different in direction As shown in Figure 7. campaign will encourage communities to adopt low‑cost, environmentally friendly housing,
prototype must be hard to break and collapse, and we have chosen
to achieve this requirement. So, as the weight acts on the roof of the house, the roof reacts with the same force to the weight ensuring wider impact and long‑term success.
the palm leaf stalk and reeds (bamboo) to satisfy these two
put on it, which makes the house more stable. And by using this law the static load requirement
requirements (lateral , static).
Fire Resistance: The material should not catch fire easily while being exposed to fire, And the was tested.
There were also two design requirements, which are thermal isolation and fire resistance, and LITERATURE CITES
2- Stress
F
reeds (bamboo) was a perfect fire resistor material.
we have chosen rice straw as it is a perfect isolation material.

Stress =
1_ Serway, R. A., & Jewett, J. W. (2014). Physics for scientists and engineers with modern physics
Overall, By using the reeds (bamboo), palm leaf stalk , and rice straw, we will be able to achieve
F :Force applied on the lateral wall
(9th ed.). Cengage Learning

A
the design requirements and build a sustainable house that will be able to cope with the harsh
environment in these areas (the western desert and the eastern desert). And this eco building Result A :is the cross-sectional area Vertical vs Lateral Stress
2_ Carpenter, M., Hoover, M., & Benbow, A. (2012). Chapter 3: Minerals, rocks, and structures. In
will align with the Egyptian Vision 2030. Which aimed to “improve the quality of life for all NEGATIVE RESULTS
200

Stress is the amount of force applied to a certain area of a body. We used 180 EarthComm: Project-Based Space and Earth System Science (pp. 269–362). It’s About Time.
Egyptians through sustainable and inclusive development. When we first started to build our house structure with rice straw blocks, a lot of problems
ISBN: 978-1-60720-395-7
160
this formula to calculate the pressure on the side walls, and also to check
appeared: 140

whether the side walls can handle the lateral and vertical pressures. This is 120
[Link] we started to build the blocks of rice straw, their fixed dimensions made them hard to cut
important because, according to our design requirements, the side walls 100
3_ Elmously, H. & Khaled Mustafa Elerian. (2017). DETERMINATION OF MECHANICAL
and shape if we had an error in measurements. 80

must be able to withstand at least 2 kilograms (Lateral) & 5 kilograms 60 PROPERTIES FOR DATE PALM MIDRIBS AND LEAFLETS. In Journal of Current Research (Vol. 9,
[Link] rice straw blocks also didn't hold each other together because they were weak and very
(Vertically). To calculate the pressure from top and sides, Firstly we 40
Issue 11, pp. 61251–61258) [Journal-article]. [Link]
flexible and needed extra materials like glue and ropes. Thermal Insulation
20
calculated the force of the loads by using this law vertical Force = 0 pdf/[Link]
6.0 Lateral Vertical

POSITIVE RESULTS 5.8

5kg×9.8m/s2 = 49N , Lateral Force = 2×9.8= 19.6N , Area = 0.60×0.40 =
Materials As we started with an initial value of temperature inside and outside the
5.6
5.4
5.2
0.24 m² , then Vertical stress = 49/0.24 = 204 Pascals
Figure 8
4_ Admin, & Admin. (2023, January 28). Home. Forum for Public Policy and Development
house of 3C±0.5C and could withstand 4kg vertically and 1kg horizontally
5.0
4.8 Lateral stress = 19.6/0.24 = 81.7 Pa (Pascals) Studies. [Link]
Palm Leaf Stalk 4.6

01
after 3 attempts we have achieved in the following table:

∑F = 0 ∑F = 0
4.4

Cost: 20 LE Usage: Build the outer structure of the house.

Thermal insulation:
4.2
3- Static Equilibrium 5_ Ministry of Planning and Economic Development. (n.d.). Egypt Vision 2030.
τ
4.0
Quantity: 50 Stalks
The temperature inside the house became 5C ±0.3C by using rice straw,
3.8
3.6 : Torque Fy : Vertical Force [Link]

∑
3.4
y x

∑τ = 0
3.2
which could insulate the sunlight from the inner surface of the house. 3.0
attempt 1 attempt 2 attempt 3

Rice straw Static, Lateral Load: : sum of Fx : Horizontal Force ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

02 Cost: 15 LE
Quantity: 2 Bags
Usage: We used it in the construction of the roof
for the house.
The palm leaf stalks could withstand 7.5kg vertically, and 3kg horizontally,
Figure 3

Static Load We used static equilibrium to make sure that our house is stable and will not move during tough I just want to thank everyone who has helped in some way get this project finished. I want to give a
making the house pass the test of stress, without visible deformation the 8.0

roof shows great strength without any deflection. 7.5

weather conditions. We calculated all forces that affect the house horizontally and vertically to very special thank you to all the faculty and staff of the University and their many hours of helping me
make the difference between them equal zero so our house will stick to the ground without any with their knowledge, support and resources. I would also like to express my gratitude to my family
Reeds (bamboo) Fire resistance: 7.0

03 single move. We achieved that by using the following law and friends for their continual support and understanding. The assistance of my family and friends
6.5
Cost: 25 LE Usage: The construction of the house walls The limestone and reeds make the house resistant to heat for about 35~45 6.0
was critical in helping me reach my goals of this project. In addition, I would like to acknowledge the
Quantity: 18 reeds (bamboo)
seconds after this period, the color of the reeds starts to change after 1 5.5
Learning Outcomes
5.0 following significant contributors to the success of this project:
minute of fire test. 4.5
Describe what characterizes science and its methods and use a quantitative observation with Mr. Nader Samaan,
White glue Table 1
4.0
CH.1.01 measurement by SI units. We use the scientific method and SI units to record forces, dimensions
Mr. Hassan Hamed,
04
3.5
Usage: stick the house structure and temperature in our house experiments.
Cost: 40 LE 3.0
attempt 1 attempt 2 attempt 3 Mr. Saber Zayed,
Quantity: 5% of the project total Weight Requirements Attempt 1 Attempt 2 Attempt 3
Figure 4 Using Newton’s 3rd law to measure the force affect the house and its direction. We Mr. Sherif Tohamy.
PH.1.02 measure the action–reaction forces between the house model and the loads supports.
Static Load 4 kg 6.2 kg 7.5 kg Fire Resistance Lateral Load
Cotton Rope For Further Informations
05
60 4.0

Cost: 40 LE Usage: connect the base, heights, and roof Lateral Load 1 kg 2.7 kg 3 kg
55 3.5
MA.1.02 Analyze, display and describe quantitative data to be used to predict future happenings
Quantity: 5 Rolls of Rope 50 3.0
45
2.5
ZeinEldeen.2825063@[Link]
Thermal Insulation 3℃±0.3C 4.3℃±0.3C 5℃±0.3C 40
2.0
Ziyad.2825066@[Link]
ES.1.03 Analyze and identify the earth materials that are used as a resource for modern building.
35
1.5

Slaked Lime Abdelbaqi.2825002@[Link]

30
Fire Resistance 20±0.7 32±0.7 43±0.7
06
1.0
25
0.5
Cost: 10 LE Usage: Fire resistance and Thermal insulation
Sayed.2825050@[Link]
20

Quantity: 2 Bags of Lime -

0.0
Develop and strengthen writing as needed by planning, revising, editing, rewriting or
- - EN.1.01
15
FINAL RESULTS S. 7.5Kg L. 3Kg Th. 5ºC F. 43S attempt 1 attempt 2 attempt 3 attempt 1 attempt 2 attempt 3

Figure 6 Figure 5
typing Adel.2825004@[Link]