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Parabola, Ellipse, and Hyperbola Equations

The document provides equations and properties of conic sections, including parabolas, ellipses, and hyperbolas. It details standard equations, parametric representations, and characteristics such as foci, directrices, and latus rectum for each conic. Additionally, it discusses tangents and normals for these shapes, along with conditions for points relative to the conics.

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31 views2 pages

Parabola, Ellipse, and Hyperbola Equations

The document provides equations and properties of conic sections, including parabolas, ellipses, and hyperbolas. It details standard equations, parametric representations, and characteristics such as foci, directrices, and latus rectum for each conic. Additionally, it discusses tangents and normals for these shapes, along with conditions for points relative to the conics.

Uploaded by

y raja
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

PARABOLA

1. Equation of standard parabola :


y =4 a x , Vertex is (0 , 0), focus is (a ,0), Directrix is x +a=0 and Axis is
2

y=0. Length of the latus rectum ¿ 4 a, ends of the latus rectum are
L(a ,2 a) & L′ (a , −2 a).
2. Parametric Representation: x=at t 2∧ y=2 at
3. Tangents to the Parabola y 2=4 a x :
a
4. Slope form y=m x + (m ≠0) 2. Parametric form t y =x+ a t 2
m
5. Point form T =0
6. Normals to the parabola y 2=4 a x :
y1
x − x1 ) at ( x 2 , y 0 ) ; y =m x − 2 a m− a m at ( a m2 , −2 a m ) :
2
y − y 1=−
2a
(
y +t x=2a t +a t at ( a t , 2 a t ) .
2 2

ELLIPSE
2 2
x y
7. Standard Equation : 2
+ 2 =1, where a> b∧b2=a2 ( 1 − e2 ).
a b

Eccentricity: e= 1 −
√ b2
a
2
a
,(0<e <1) , Directrices : x=± .
e
Focii : S=(± ae ,0). Length of, major axes ¿ 2 a and minor axes ¿ 2 b
Vertices : A′ =(− a , 0)∧A=(a , 0).
2
2b
=2 a ( 1− e )
2
Latus Rectum : ¿
a
2. Auxiliary Circle : x 2+ y 2=a2
3. Parametric Representation : x=a cos ⁡θ∧ y=b sin ⁡θ
4. Position of a Point w.r.t. an Ellipse:

The point P ( x 1 , y 1 ) lies outside, inside or on the ellipse according as;

2 2
x1 y1
2
+ 2
− 1>¿ or =0 .
a b
5. Line and an Ellipse:
2 2
x y
The line y=mx+c meets the ellipse 2
+ 2 =1 in two points real, coincident
a b
or imaginary according as c 2 is ¿ or ¿ a 2 m2 +b 2.
6. Tangents:
x x1 y y1
Slope form: y=m x ± √ a2 m 2+ b2. Point form : 2
+ 2
=1.
a b
x cos ⁡θ y sin ⁡θ
Parametric form: + =1
a b
7. Normals:
2 2
a x b y ( a 2 − b2 ) m
=a −b ,a x sec ⁡θ − b y cosecθ=( a −b ) , y=m x − 2 2 2 .
x 2 x 2
−
x1 y1 √a +b m
8. Director Circle: x 2+ y 2=a2 +b 2
HYPERBOLA

1. Standard Equation:
2 2
x y
Standard equation of the hyperbola is 2 − 2 =1, where b 2=a2 ( e 2 − 1 ).
a b
a
Focii: S=(± ae ,0) Directrices : x=±
e
Vertices : A=(± a , 0)
2
2b
=2 a ( e − 1 ).
2
Latus Rectum (ℓ): ℓ=
a
2. Conjugate Hyperbola :
2 2 2 2
x y 1∧x y
2 2
= 2 + 2 =1 are conjugate hyperbolas of each.
a b a b
3. Auxiliary Circle : x 2+ y 2=a2 .
4. Parametric Representation : x=a sec ⁡θ∧ y=b tan ⁡θ
Pescriemee
Page II 5
Resonance b
bollacising for seriar whickide
Page N 6

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