Hě«a± Rughčÿ
Presented by:
Samar Vaibhav Patil
Class: XII Beta B
Roll No: 26
I±čñ¿děcču¿± č¿ Hě«a±
Rughčÿ: Defu±u±g Oěñ
Shañed Vaěeÿ
Human rights are the fundamental rights and freedoms that belong to
every person in the world, from birth until death. They are based on the
principle of dignity and equality for all.
I±heñe±č U±uļeñÿa
Not granted by any state or Apply to everyone, everywhere.
authority.
I±čeñc¿±±ecčed
One right cannot be fully enjoyed without others.
The Huÿč¿ñuca J¿ěñ±eō:
Mueÿč¿±eÿ u± Hě«a±
Rughčÿ Deļe¿é«e±č
The concept of human rights has evolved over centuries, shaped by
philosophical thought, societal struggles, and groundbreaking documents.
A±cue±č C¿deÿ 1
Early legal frameworks
like the Code of
Hammurabi (c. 1754 BC)
2 Mag±a Cañča
laid rudimentary
foundations for justice. 1215: Established that
everyone, including the
king, was subject to the
E±ughče±«e±č 3 law, protecting certain
17th-18th centuries: rights.
Philosophers like Locke
and Rousseau
championed natural 4 W¿ñd Wañÿ
rights and the social
Post-WWII: The atrocities
contract.
led to a global push for
universal human rights
protection.
U±uļeñÿa Decañaču¿± ¿f Hě«a± Rughčÿ: A
C¿ñ±eñÿč¿±e D¿cě«e±č
Adopted by the UN General Assembly in 1948, the UDHR is a landmark document in human rights history.
Keō Pñu±cuéeÿ:
Dignity: All human beings are born free and equal in
dignity and rights.
Freedom: Everyone has the right to life, liberty, and
security of person.
Justice: No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel,
inhuman or degrading treatment.
The UDHR served as a foundational text for numerous
international human rights treaties and conventions.
Keō Cačeg¿ñueÿ ¿f Hě«a± Rughčÿ
Human rights are broadly categorised into several interdependent groups, ensuring a holistic approach to human well-being.
P¿učuca Rughčÿ
Cuļu Rughčÿ
Right to vote, freedom of assembly.
Freedom from discrimination, right to
a fair trial.
Ec¿±¿«uc Rughčÿ
Right to work, fair wages, adequate
standard of living.
Cěčěña Rughčÿ
Right to participate in cultural life, S¿cua Rughčÿ
protect cultural heritage. Right to education, healthcare, social
security.
Hě«a± Rughčÿ Vu¿aču¿±ÿ: EŊa«u±u±g G¿ba
Chae±geÿ
Despite international frameworks, human rights violations persist worldwide, demanding urgent attention and action.
EŊé¿učaču¿± C¿±fucč Sěééñeÿÿu¿± I±eïěaučō
Child labour, human Targeting of civilians, war Censorship, denial of free Poverty, lack of access to
trafficking, and forced labour. crimes, and displacement. speech, political oppression. basic necessities,
discrimination.
These violations underscore the ongoing need for vigilance and advocacy.
Pñ¿čecču±g Hě«a± Rughčÿ: R¿e ¿f I±čeñ±aču¿±a
Oñga±uÿaču¿±ÿ a±d LaŁ
International bodies and legal instruments play a crucial role in promoting and protecting human rights globally.
Keō Paōeñÿ:
United Nations (UN): Driving force behind human rights
conventions and monitoring.
International Criminal Court (ICC): Prosecutes individuals
for grave crimes like genocide and war crimes.
Regional Bodies: Such as the European Court of Human
Rights and the African Commission on Human and
Peoples' Rights.
These organisations work to establish norms, investigate abuses, and provide redress for victims.
Hě«a± Rughčÿ u± I±dua:
Pñ¿gñeÿÿ a±d Peñÿuÿče±č
Iÿÿěeÿ
India, as a democratic nation, has enshrined human rights in its
Constitution, yet faces ongoing challenges.
C¿±ÿčučěču¿±a Gěaña±čeeÿ
Fundamental rights like equality, freedom of speech, and right to life
are guaranteed.
Pñ¿gñeÿÿuļe Leguÿaču¿±
Laws against discrimination, protection of vulnerable groups, and
environmental rights.
Peñÿuÿče±č Chae±geÿ
Issues like caste discrimination, gender inequality, communal
violence, and custodial torture remain prevalent.
R¿e ¿f Jěducuañō & Acčuļuÿ«
The Indian judiciary and civil society organisations actively work to
uphold and protect human rights.
Tau±g Acču¿±: H¿Ł I±duļuděaÿ Ca± Adļ¿cače
f¿ñ Hě«a± Rughčÿ
Every individual has a role to play in upholding human rights, contributing to a more just and equitable world.
Séea Oěč
Eděcače Y¿ěñÿef Raise awareness through conversations, social media, and
Understand human rights principles and current issues. protests.
Adļ¿cače f¿ñ Cha±ge
Sěéé¿ñč Oñga±uÿaču¿±ÿ Contact elected officials and support policies that protect
Volunteer or donate to human rights groups. human rights.
C¿±cěÿu¿±: Sěÿčau±u±g čhe
Fughč f¿ñ Dug±učō a±d
Eïěaučō
The journey towards full realisation of human rights is ongoing, requiring
continuous effort and commitment from all.
"To deny people their human rights is to challenge their very
humanity." - Nelson Mandela
Let us strive to build a world where dignity, freedom, and equality are not
just aspirations, but lived realities for everyone.