Power Co

Control
ntrol Power Setting
Overview
Overview
Objective
Improve cell edge behaviour, reduce inter-cell interference and power consumption.
Downlink (D
(DL)
L)
DL ‘Semi-
‘Semi-static’ Power Setting
• eNo
eNodeB
deB give s fixed pow er density
gives density p er PRB
PRB schedul
scheduled
ed for transport.
– Total Tx power is max. when
when all PRBs are scheduled
scheduled
– No adaptive/dynamic
adaptive/dynamic power control
– (O&M parameter) Cell Power Reduction level CELL_PWR_RED
CELL_PW R_RED [0...
[0...10]
10] dB attenuation
attenuation in 0.1 dB steps
DL Power Control on PDCCH
dlCellPwrRed
Reduction of DL Tx power; deducted
from max. antenna TX power.
Uplink (UL) LNCEL; 0..10; 0.1; 0 dB

Slow Uplink Power Control

• Combinati
Combination
on of open loop PC and closed loop PC
• Open Loop Pow er Contro
Contro l (OLPC)
(OLPC)
– Calcul
Calculated
ated at the UE based on pathloss
pathloss measurements
• Close
Closed
d Loo p Power Control (C (CLPC)
LPC)
– Based on exchange
exchange of feedback data and commands
comm ands between
between UE and eNodeB
– SW-licensed enhancement (can be switched on and off)
UL-PC: Overview
UL-PC: Overview

Tx,, i.e. near-far-problem much less severe than WCDMA 

LTE: orthogonal UL Tx
Signal strength S:
• UL: dynamic, slow PC – Open Loop (OL) & Closed Loop (CL)
Depends on PL, indoor loss etc.,
• need for PL / shadowing etc. compensation  OL PC i.e. location
• need for correction/ adjustments of e.g. open loop inaccuracies  CL PC

Low

High

Interference (I)
- main cause: inte
inter-cell
r-cell

Noise (N) = kB T Df + NFeNB

Power control does not control the absolute UE Tx power but the Power Spectral Density (PSD) , power per Hz, for a device.
The PSDs at the eNodeB from different users have to be close to each other so the receiver doesn’t work over a large range
of powers.
Different data rates mean different Tx bandwidths so the absolute Tx power of the UE will also change. PC makes that the
PSD is constant independently of the Tx bandwidth.
Overview
Procedure for Slow UL Power
Power Control
controls the Tx power to keep the transmitted pow er spectral
• UE controls spectral d ensi
ensity
ty (P
(PSD
SD)) constant independent of
the allocated transmit bandwidth (#PRBs)

• If no feedback from eNodeB ( in the PDCCH UL PC command) th

the
e UE performs open loop PC based on path
loss measurements

• If feedback from eNodeB the UE corrects the PSD

PSD when
when receiving
receiving PC commands from eNodeB ( in the
the
PDCCH UL PC com mand
mand))
▪ PC commands (up and
and down) based on UL quality and signal level measurements

• Ap
Appl
plied
ied sep
separ
arat
ately
ely f or PUSCH, PUCCH
• Scope of UL PC is UE level ( performed separately for each UE in a cell)
2) SINR measurment
4) TX power level
3) Setting new power offset
adjustment with the new
offset
1) Initial TX power level
UL-PC: PUSCH
UL-PC: PUSCH Equation

PPUSCH (i) :PUSCH Power in subframe i

Open Loop (OL) Closed

Closed L oop (CL)

    D 
PPUSCH (i) min
min {PCMAX ,10 log10 (M PUSCH (i)) PO_PUSCH ( j ) ( j ) PL TF
(i) f (i)} dBm

*PH = Power Headroom

UL-PC: PUSCH
    D 
PPUSCH (i) min
min {PCMAX ,10 log10 (M PUSCH (i)) PO_PUSCH ( j ) ( j ) PL TF
(i) f (i)} dBm
PH (i)  PCMAX  10 log10 ( M PUSCH (i))  PO_PUSCH ( j )    PL  D TF (i)  f (i) dB PH = Power Headroom
Headroom

PPUSCH (i) :PUSCH

:PUSCH Power
Power i n sub frame i

PCMAX: max. allowed UE power (23 dBm foforr class 3)

M PUSCH: number of scheduled RBs (The UE Tx. Power increases proportionally to # of PRBs)
PO_PUSCH(j) = PO_NOMINAL_PUSCH (j) + PO_UE_PUSCH(j)
PL: pathlos
pathlos s [dB] = referenceS
referenceSignalPower
ignalPower – higher layer f il tered RSR
RSRP
P
DTF (i) = 10 log 10 (2MPR Ks – 1) for K s = 1.25 else 0, MPR = TBS/N RE, NRE : number of RE
Ks defined by deltaMCS-Enabled
deltaMCS-Enabled,, UE specific
TPC (Closed
f(i): TPC (Closed Loop adjustment) j : Thi s ca n be 0 o r 1, j = 0, 1 c om e fro m h ig her lay er
Semi-persistant:
Semi-persistant: j=0 / dy namic scheduling: j=1
PO_NOMINAL_PUSCH (0,1): cell specific (SysInfo)
PO_UE_PUSCH(0,1): UE specific (RRC)
 (0,1) = 0.0, 0.4,
0 .4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0 (partia
(partiall PL compensation by open loop)
Ra
Random
ndom access grant: j=2
PO_NOMINAL_PUSCH (2): PO_PRE + DPreamble_Msg3 PO_UE_PUSCH(2) = 0
  (2) = 1.0 (i.e. full PL compensation)

Open
Open Loop
Lo op PC vs. Clos
Closed
ed Loop
Loo p PC

Open Loop Power Control

Target: provide a basic operating point for a suitable PSD for an average
MCS (averag e SINR):
SINR):
Basi c_ Operating_ Po int  PO_PUSCH ( j )   ( j )  PL

• Open Loop Power Control takes into account effects like inter-cell
interference and shadowing
• Based on PL (Pathloss)
(Pathloss)

Closed
Closed Lo op Power Contro
Contro l
f(i) adjustments
Target: Fine tuning around the basic operating point
• Adapt dynamically
dynamically to the channel conditions
conditions (take into
into account e.g. fast fading)
• Correct the estimations of power from the open loop PC

ulpcEnable
enable UL closed loop PC
LNCEL; true, false; false
Ope
Open
n Loop
L oop PC

PPUSCH (i)  min {PCMAX ,10 log10 (M PUSCH (i))  PO_PUSCH ( j )   ( j )  PL  D TF (i)  f (i)} dBm

PO_PUSCH(j) = PO_NOMINAL_PUSCH(j) + PO_UE_PUSCH(j)

j=0 -> PUSCH transmission with semi-persistent

semi-persistent grant
j=1 -> PUSCH transmission with dynamic scheduling
j=2 -> PUSCH transmission for random access grant

PO_NOMINAL_PUSCH(j) -> cell specific component signal

signaled
ed from system information for j=0, 1
This term is a common power level for all mobiles in the cell (used to control SINR)
p0NomPusch
Nominal Power for UE PUSCH Tx
Power Calculation
LNCEL; -126..24dbm; 1; -100 dBm

PO_UE_PUSCH(j) -> UE specific component

com ponent provided by higher
higher layers (RRC) for j=0,1
This
This term is a UE specific offset used to correct the errors from the estimation of the pathloss
PU
PUSC
SCH
H For
Formu
mula
la

PPUSCH (i)  min

min {PCMAX ,10 log10 (M PUSCH (i))  PO_PUSCH ( j )   ( j )  PL  DTF (i)  f (i)} dBm

PL: pathloss [dB] = referenceS

referenceSignalPower
ignalPower –
higher layer fi ltered RSR
RSRP

This
This path loss compensation factor a is adjustable
adj ustable by
O&M. α is a cell
cell - specific parameter (broadcasted on
Alp
Al pha BCH).

α  [0.0, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0]

1.0]

α = 0 , no com pensation
α = 1 , full compensation
ulpcAlpha α ≠ { 0 ,1 } , fraction
fractional
al compensation
compensation
LNCEL; 0, 0.4..1.0; 0.1; 1.0
Conv
onveenti onal & Fracti
Fracti onal PC
• Convent
Convention
ion al PC
PC schemes:
– Attempt to maintain
maintain a constant SINR at the receiver
receiver
– UE increases
increases the Tx power
power to fully compensate
compensate for increases
increases in the path loss

• Fracti onal PC schemes :

Fracti
– Allow the received
received SINR to decrease as the path loss increa
increases.
ses.
– UE Tx power increases at a reduced rate as the path loss increases. IncrIncreases
eases in path loss are only partially
partially compensated.
– [+
[+]] : Improve air interface efficiency & increase average cell throughputs by reducing Inter-cell interference
• 3GPP specifies fractional power control for the PUSCH with the option to disable it & revert to conventional based on α

Fractional
UL
SINR UL Power Control: α
SINR
≠ { 0 ,1}
Conventional Power
Control: α=1 UE Tx
If Path Loss
Power UE Tx increases by 10
If Path Loss Power
dB the UE Tx
increases by 10 dB
the UE Tx power power
by < 10increases
dB
increases by 10 dB
MC
MCS
S dependent
dependent com
compon
ponent
ent

min {PCMAX ,10 log10 (M PUSCH (i))  PO_PUSCH ( j )   ( j )  PL  D TF (i)  f (i)} dBm
PPUSCH (i)  min

MPR K s
DTF (i )  10 log10 (2  1) for KS  1.25
deltaTfEnabled
Enabled TB size (MCS) impact to
UE PUSCH power calculation
0 Otherwise LNCEL; Yes/No; -

MPR = TBS/NRE with NRE : number of RE, TBS = Transport Block Size

• TF = Transport Format

•• Ks - Enabling/di
Enabling/disabling
sabling of the transport format dependent
dependent offset on a per UE basis
If this parameter is enabled, PUSCH power calculation in UE uplink power control equation takes the
Transport Block size in account during the power calculation
• Could be seen as dynamic offset of the TX power: when the BTS changes the MCS for the UE then the UE
indirectly may adapt the power
• Increase the power if the Transport Format (MCS, TBS size, Number of Resource Blocks) it is so selected
to increase the number of bits per Resource Element
UL PU
PUSC
SCH
H Pow
Pow er Contr ol - Pa
Parameter
rameter
P (i )  min{P ,10 log(M (i ))  P    PL  D (i )  f (i )}
PUSCH CMAX PUSCH o _ PUSCH TF
Category Parameter Huawei Value Nokia Value Ericssons Value ZTE Value
P0 PU
PUSC
SCH
H Ce
Cell
llUl
Ulpc
pcCo
Comm
mm.P .P0
0 -8
-80
0 dB
dBm
m [LNC
[LNCEL
EL]] -8
-80 0 dBm
dBm [EUt
[EUtrran
anCe
Cell
llFD
FDD]
D] -80 dBm [Powe
[PowerCon
rContro
trolUL
lUL]] -75
NominalPUSCH p0NomPusch pZeroNominalPusch p0NominalPUSCH dBm
α [Link] 5 ((0
0.8) [LNCEL] 7 ((a
alph
phaa 1)
1) [EU
[EUtranC
nCel
elllFD
FDD
D] a
alp
lpha
ha 8 ((0
0.8) [P
[Pow
ower
erC
Cont
ontrol
rolUL] 5 (0.8)
ssLossCoeff ulpcAlpha alpha
ΔTF (i) CellUlpcDe
cDedi
[Link] 0 (off) [LNCEL] 0 [PowerControlUL] ks 0
taMcsEnabled deltaTfEnabled
f(i) - Close Loop
Loop [Link] on [LNCEL] 3 [PowerControlUL] 1
PUSCH Power Switch PcAlgoSwitch - actUlpcMethod (PuschCLPucc switchForCLPCofPUS
Control InnerLoopPuschS [LNCEL] hCL) CH
witch ulpcLowlevSch -103 dBm
[LNCEL] -98 dBm
ulpcUplevSch 18
[LNCEL] 10
ulpcLowqualSch
[LNCEL]
ulpcUpqualSch
UL PU
PUSCH Messge
Messge 3 Pow
ower
er Cont
ontrol
rol - Para
arameter
meter

When LTE PUSCH carry Message 3, transmit power of Ue’s PUSCH is calculated as follow:

PPUSCH (i)  min{PCMAX ,10 log(M PUSCH (i))  PO_pre  D PREAMBLE _ Msg 3  PL  D TF (i)  f (i)}

Category Parameter Huawei Value Nokia Value Ericssons Value ZTE Value
PUSCH Msg3 Δ preamble_msg3[CellUlpcComm] 2 (4 dB)
dB) [L
[LNC
NCEL
EL]] 1 (2 dB) [PowerControlUL] 0
Power Control DeltaPreambleMsg3 deltaPreMsg3 deltaPreambleMsg3
UL-PC: PUCCH
UL-PC: PUC
PUCCH
CH
   D 
PPUCCH (i ) min{ PMA
MAX
X
, P0_PUCCH ( j ) PL h(nCQ
CQII
, nHAR
HARQ
Q
) F_PUCCH
(F ) g (i)} dBm
PPUCCH: PUCCH
PUCCH Power in subfram e i
p0NomPucch
Pmax: max. allowed power Nominal Power for UE
PUCCH Tx Power Calculation
P0_PUCCH(j) = P0_NOMINAL_PUCCH (j) + P0_UE_PUCCH(j) LNCEL; -126..-96; 1; -100 dB
P0_NOMINAL_PUCCH : cell specific (SysInfo)
P0_UE_PUCCH : UE specific (RRC)
PL: pathloss [dB] = referenceSignalPower – higher l ayer filtered RSRP * For PUCCH higher degree of
orthogonality could be assumed due
H(nCQI, nHARQ ) to the usage of the orthogonal
codes so alpha=1 (full
• PUCCH format
format 1 , 1a, 1b: h(n) = 0 compensation)
• PUCCH format
format 2 , 2a, 2b and :

h(n) = 0 if nCQI < 4

h(n) = 10log10 (nCQI/4) otherwise
(here: normal CP, for extented CP also n HARQ to be considered, n:n umber o
off information bits )

F_PUCCH (F) : d FListPUCC

FListPUCCH
H
(see next slide) Compensation Factor for different
Compensation
PUCCH formats
For example if format 1a (1ACK) is
g(i): TPC
TPC (closed
(closed loo p ad justment) having offset 0 then format 1b
(2ACK) could have offset 3dB
deltaFLis
deltaFLis tPU
tPUC
CCH Para
arameters
meters

Name Ob j ec t Ab b r ev i at i o n Ran g e Des c r ip t i o n Def au l t

DeltaF PUCCH LNCEL dFListPucch n/a dFListPucch: SEQUENCE (see values below ) n/a
List

DeltaF PUCCH LNCEL dFpucchF1 -2, 0, 2 dB Used to define the PUCCH format 1 0 dB
Format 1

DeltaF PUCCH LNCEL dFpucchF1b 1, 3, 5 dB Used to define the PUCCH format 1b 1 dB

Format 1b

DeltaF PUCCH LNCE dFpucchF2 -2, 0, 1, 2 dB Used to define the PUCCH format 2 0 dB
Format 2

DeltaF PUCCH LNCE dFpucchF2a -2, 0, 2 dB Used to define the PUCCH format 2a 0 dB
Format 2a

DeltaF PUCCH LNCEL dFpucchF2b -2, 0, 2 dB Used to define the PUCCH format 2b 0 dB
Format 2b
UL PUC
PUCCH Power Control
Contr ol - Para
arameter
meter
   D 
PPUCCH (i) min{PCMAX , P0 _ PUCCH PL h n CQI
CQI
, nHA
HARQ
RQ F _ PUCCH
(F ) g (i)}
Category Parameter Huawei Value Nokia Value Ericssons Value ZTE Value
P0 nominal
nominal PUCCH
PUCCH [CellU
[CellUlpcCo
lpcComm]
mm] -105 dBm [LNCEL] p0NomPucch -100 dBm [EUtran CellFDD ] -9
96
6 d Bm
Bm [P
Po
o we
we rC
rC on
on tr
tr o
oll U
ULL ] -105 dBm
P0NominalPUCCH pZeroNominalPucch poNominalPUCCH
Close Loop Swit
Switch
ch [CellPcAlg
[CellPcAlgo]
o] 0
PucchCloseLoopPcType (NOT_USE_P0N
OMINALPUCCH)
ΔF _P
_PUC CH
CH [C
Ce
el lU
lUl pc
pcC om
om m]
m] 1 (0 dB) [LNCEL] dFpucchF1 1 (0 dB) [PowerControlUL] 2 (2 dB)
DeltaFPUCCHFormat1 [LNCEL] dFpucchF1b 0 (1 dB) deltaFPucchFormat1 1 (3 dB)
[CellUlpcComm] 1 (3 dB) [LNCEL] dFpucchF2 1 (0 dB) [PowerControlUL] 2 (1 dB)
DeltaFPUCCHFormat1b [LNCEL] dFpucchF2a 1 (0 dB) deltaFPucchFormat1b 2 (2 dB)
[CellUlpcComm] 2 (1 dB) [LNCEL] dFpucchF2b 1 (0 dB) [PowerControlUL] 2 (2 dB)
DeltaFPUCCHFormat2 deltaFPucchFormat2
[CellUlpcComm] 2 (2 dB) [PowerControlUL]
PUCCH Power DeltaFPUCCHFormat2a deltaFPucchFormat2a
Control [CellUlpcComm] 2 (2 dB) [PowerControlUL]
DeltaFPUCCHFormat2b deltaFPucchFormat2b
g(i) - Close LLoop
oop [CellAlgoSwitch] On [LNCEL] actUlpcMethod 3 (PuschCLPucchCL) [PowerControlUL] 1
Switch UlPcAlgoSwitch – [LNCEL] ulpcLowlevCch -103 dBm switchForCLPCofPUCCH
InnerLoopPucchSwitch [LNCEL] ulpcUplevCch -98 dBm
[LNCEL] ulpcLowqualCch 1
[LNCEL] ulpcUpqualCch 4

Period of Power [CellPcAlgo] 10 (200 ms)

control PucchPcPeriod

PUCCH Outer Loop [CellAlgoSwitch] 1 (o n ) N/A N/A N/A

Power Control UlPcAlgoSwitch
UlPcAlgoSwit ch -
OuterLoopPucchSwitch
UL-PC: Contr
C ontrol
ol Scheme
Scheme
UL-
UL-PC
PC:: Contr
Con trol
ol Scheme

Open loop: level based

Interference: considered by P0 values  not need for explicit signaling

RRC-BCCH:
RRC-BCCH:
P0_NOMINAL_PUSCH, P0_NOMINAL_PUCCH, ALPH
ALPHA,
A, del taFLis tPU
tPUCC
CCH,
H, delt aPreambl
aPreambl eMsg3

PDCCH
PDCCH:: DELTA_PUSCH, DELTA_PUCCH
MPUSCH taken from scheduli ng grant

RRC-DCCH:: P0_UE_PUSCH, P0_UE_PUCCH,

RRC-DCCH
DELTA_TF_ENABLED,
Data
ACCUMULATION
ACCUMULA TION_ENABL
_ENABL ED,
P_SR
P_SRS_O
S_OFFSE
FFSET,T, fi lt erCoeffi cient

UE: PL
 SIB1,, UE cl ass: PCMAX
SIB1

UL-PC: Closed Loop

UL-
UL-PC
PC:: Closed lo
loop
op - PU
PUSC
SCH
H (e
(exampl
xampl e)

ulpcEnable
enable UL closed loop PC
Closed loop adjustments: LNCEL; true, false; false

f(i) = f(i-1) + PUSCH (i - K PUSCH) i.e. recursive determination

or
ulpcAccuEnable
f(i) = (i - K PUSCH) i.e. absolute setting PUSCH/PUCCH TPC commands
PUSCH accumulation enabled

where PUSCH is the sign aled TPC

TPC in subfram e i-KPUSCH Vendor Specific
K
For FDD: PUSCH = 4
whether the recursive or absolute method is used  parameter Acc um ul ati on -enab led

P (closed loop)

t
UL-P
L-PC
C: Closed Loop - Process

Per UE measurements of SIB/RRC parameters:

•receive power of wanted signal P0_NOMINAL_PUSCH, P0_UE_PUSCH, P0_NOMINAL_PUCCH,
•interference and noise P0_UE_PUCCH, ALPHA, deltaFListPUCCH, DELTA_TF_ENABLED,
ACCUMULATION_ENABLED,
ACCUMULATION_ENABLE D, deltaPreambleMsg3,
P_SRS_OFFSET, filterCoefficient
Calculation of average ENABLE_CLPC
receive level per TTI.
Calculation of SINR (two
ENABLE_CLPC_PUSCH,
methods for I+N values)
Transformation from Watt
ENABLE_CLPC_SRS; ulpcPuschEn
into dBm/dB domain. ENABLE_CLPC_PUCCH Including or excluding of RSSI
and SINR measurements from
DELTA_TF_ENABLED,
Transformation into TF time scale: TTI deltaFListPUCCH PUSCH in the Closed Loop PC
independent format component
LNCEL; true; true
SINR_MAX, SINR_MIN, RSSI_MAX,
Clipping using adjustable RSSI_MIN
parameters ulpcPucchEn
Including or excluding of RSSI
Weighting
WF_PUSCH_UE, WF_PUSCH_CELL, and SINR measurements from
WF_SRS_UE, WF_SRS_CELL, WF_PUCCH_UE,
WF_PUCCH_CELL
PUCCH in the Closed Loop PC
component
Long term filtering/averaging TAVG_PUSCH_SRS_CONT,
TAVG_PUSCH_SRS_DISCONT, LNCEL; true; true
of level and SINR using
adjustable filter coefficients TAVG_PUCCH_CONT,
TAVG_PUCCH_DISCONT

Periodic reading of averaged level

and averaged SINR value (time FILTER_OUTPUT_PERIOD
constant adjustable)
UP_LEV_PUSCH_SRS,LOW_LEV_PUSCH_SRS,,
time scale: filter output
Comparison with two- LOW_LEV_UP_QUAL_PUSCH_SRS,
period (adjustable by
dimensional decision matrix. LOW_QUAL_PUSCH_SRS,UP_LEV_PUCCHPUCCH,
O&M)
Calculation of DELTA_ UP_QUAL_PUCCH, LOW_QUAL_PUCCH,
PUSCH and DELTA_ minCumDeltaPUSCH,maxCumDeltaPUSCH,
minCumDeltaPUCCH, maxCumDeltaPUCCH
PUCCH values for the UE

Commanding DELTA_PUSCH
and DELTA_PUCCH values to the DELTA_PUSCH, DELTA_PUCCH
UE via PDCCH
UL-P
L-PC
C: Closed Loop - Process

Measurements and Averaging

Aver
Av eraged*
aged* re
recei
cei ved l evel per
p er TTI per UE: Ave rag ed* r ecei ved SINR per TTI per UE:
Averag
• RSSIPUSCH/UE Relevant for PUSCH and PUCCH: (I+N) UE and (I+N)cell
• RSSIPUCCH/UE and for SRS: (I+N
(I+N))cell
• RSSISRS/UE (I+N)cell : all potential PRBs

relevant: PRBs allocated to the particular UE (I+N)UE : allocated PRBs to the particular UE
• SINRPUSCH/UE
* linear, but converted
converted to dBm, dB for furth er • SINRPUSCH/cell
deployment
• SINRPUCCH/UE
• SINRPUCCH/cell
• SINRSRS/cell

Transformation in independent format

Normalization applies to: UE and/or TF specific offsets get subtracted:
• PUSCH • D TF
• PUCCH • D PF_PUCCH

• SRS • h(n)
• PO_UE_PUSCH
 • PO_UE_PUCCH

UL-P
L-PC
C: Closed Loop - Process
Clipping
Aver
Av eraged
aged r ecei ved level
l evel per TTI per UE: Averag
Ave rag ed r ecei ved SINR
SINR per TTI per UE:
RSSI*** := min(max(RSSImin,RSSI***)RSSImax) SINR*** := min(max(SINRmin,SINR***)SINRmax)
*** PUSCH/UE, PUSCH/cell, PUCCH/UE, PUCCH/cell, SRS/ce ll
*** P U
US
SCCH
H/UE , P UC
UC C
CH
H/UE , SR
RS
S //U
UE

Weighting of MCS independent measurements

PUSCH
PUSCH and S
SRS
RS - com
compos
pos it e SIN
SINR
R and RSSI
RSSI :
SINRPUSCH / UE  WF _ PUSCH _ UE  SINRPUSCH / cell  WF _ PUSCH _ CELL  SINRSRS / cell  WF _ SRS _ CELL
C _ SINRPUSCH / SRS 
WF _ PUSCH _ UE  WF _ PUSCH _ CELL  WF _ SRS _ CELL

RSSI PUSCH / UE  WF _ PUSCH _ UE  RSSI SRS / UE  WF _ SRS _ UE

C _ RSSI PUSCH / SRS 
WF _ PUSCH _ UE  WF _ SRS _ UE

PUCCH
PUCCH - com pos it e SINR
SINR and R
RSSI
SSI :

SINRPUCCH/ UE  WF _ PUCCH _ UE  SINRPUCCH/ cell  WF _ PUCCH _ CELL

C _ SINRPUCCH 
WF _ PUCCH _ UE  WF _ PUCCH _ CELL

C _ RSSIPUCCH  RSSIPUCCH/UE Weighting factors WF_*** : range [1, 100]

UL-P
L-PC
C: Closed Loop - Process

Filtering
RSSIPUSCH/SRS,filtered SINRPUSCH/SRS,filtered RSSIPUCCH,filtered SINRPUCCH,filtered

Decision matrix for the Decision matrix for the

PUSCH/SRS component PUCCH component of
of the CLPC algorithm the CLPC algorithm
ulpcReadPeriod
Time interval for sending averaged
RSSI and SINR values to the decision
matrix to determine power corrections
DELTA_PUSCH DELTA_PUCCH in Closed Loop up link power control.
value value LNCEL; 10…2000ms; 10ms; 50 ms

Low pass fi lter fir st order (exponential average) :

(exponential movi ng average) filterCoeff
Filter coefficient for RSRP
measurements used to calculate
measurements
y(n)  c  y (n  1)  (1  c)  x(n) pathloss. Value
Value fc0 corresponds to k =
0, fc1 corresponds to k = 1, and so on.
LNCEL; fc0 (0), fc1 (1), fc2 (2), fc3 (3),
x: input (composite RSSI, SINR) c: fil ter coefficient
fc4 (4), fc5 (5), fc6 (6), fc7 (7), fc8 (8),
y: output (fi ltered RSSI,
RSSI, SINR) c = exp(-T/Tavg) i.e. impact = (1/e) a
att t = -Tavg fc9 (9), fc11 (10), fc13 (11), fc15 (12),
Example: T = 1ms, Tavg = 25 ms  c = 0.96 fc17 (13), fc19 (14); fc4(4)
n: step, max frequency = 1/TTI
Initialization: y(0) := t arget RSSI/SINR

UL-PC:
UL- PC: Parame
Parameter
terss
UL-P
L-PC
C: Closed Loop - Process

ulpcUpqualSch
High Thresh. For SINR for PUSCH 1dB
Decision matrix
LNCEL; -47...80dB; 1dB ; 11dB
SINR

ulpcUpqualCch + 1 dB or - 1 dB - 1 dB
High Thresh. For SINR for PUCCH + 3 dB
LNCEL; -47...80dB; 1dB ; 4dB
1 2 3
UP_QUAL_**

+ 1 dB or 0 dB -1 dB
+ 3 dB

4 5 6
LOW_QUAL_**
1dB
ulpcLowqualSch
Low Thresh. For SINR for PUSCH + 1 dB or + 1 dB or + 1 dB or Decision
LNCEL; -47...80dB; 1dB ; 8dB + 3 dB + 3 dB + 3 dB whether to
+1dB or +3dB
7 8 9
ulpcLowqualCch
Low Thresh. For SINR for PUCCH
RSSI
LNCEL; -47...80dB; 1dB ; 1dB LOW_LEV_** UP_LEV_**

ulpcLowlevCch ulpcUplevCch
Low Thresh. For RSSI for PUCCH High Thresh. For RSSI for PUCCH
; -103dBm
LNCEL; -127...0dBm;1dBm ;-103dBm LNCEL; -127...0dBm;1dBm ;-98dBm

ulpcLowlevSch ulpcUplevSch
Low Thresh. For RSSI for PUSCH High Thresh. For RSSI for PUSCH
;-103dBm
LNCEL; -127...0dBm;1dBm ;-103dBm ;-98dBm
LNCEL; -127...0dBm;1dBm ;-98dBm

PRACH
PRA CH Power
Power Control
LTE Upli
Uplink
nk Power Con
Contr
trol
ol fo
forr PRACH
PRACH Subf rame 1ms Subf rame 1ms

Format 3

Format 2

• The purpose of power control for the PRACH is to ensure

Format 1
the random access success rate while minimizing transmit
6
power PRB Format 0
• The PRACH power is calculated using the following
formula:
CP Zadof
Zadofff Chu Sequence
Sequence

  D   D
P PRACH
min{P CMAX
,P o _ pre
PL preamble
preamble
(N pre
1) step
}

CL
atTE
egorPRACH
y Parampower
eter isHucalculated
awei Valwith
ue following
Nokia Vformula
alue : Ericssons Value ZTE Value
P0_pre [RACHCfg] 7 (-106 [LNCEL] 12 (-98 dBm) [EUtranCellFDD] -110
-110 dBm [Pr
[PrachF
achFDD]
DD] 10 (-100
PRACH Power PreambInitRcvTargetPwr dBm) ulpcIniPrePwr preambleInitialReceivedTargetPower preambleIniReceivedPower dBm)

Control Δ step [RACHCfg] 1 (2

(2d B
B)) [LN
[LN CE
CE L]
L] 1 (2 dB) [PrachFDD] 1 (2 dB)
PwrRampingStep prachPwrRamp powerRampingStep
Nokia DL-PC
Noki
Nokiaa DL-PC
DL-PC
RL20:: (static) cell pow er reduction
RL20 dlCellPwrRed
Reduction of DL Tx power; deducted
• based on single parameter CELL_PWR_RED = 0.0, 0.1 … 10.0 dB from max. antenna TX power.
LNCEL; 0..10; 0.1; 0 dB
•  cell size adjustment and coverage control
• flat Power Spectral Density (PSD) pMax
Maximum output power
• semi-static MIMO_COMP (if enabled) LNCEL; 37.0 (0), 39.0 (1), 40.0 (2), 41.8
(3), 43.0 (4), 44.8 (5), 46.0 (6), 47.8 (7); -
RL30: opt ional pow er boost:
boo st: PCF
PCFIC
ICH,
H, PHIC
PHICH,
H, DL RS 37.0 dBm = 5 W

39.0 dBm
40.0 dBm =
= 10
8 WW
PSD PSD 41.8 dBm = 15 W
43.0 dBm = 20 W
44.8 dBm = 30 W
46.0 dBm = 40 W
47.8 dBm = 60 W

PSD = (Max_TX_Pwr – CELL_PWR_RED) – 10*log10( 12*# PRBs) PSD = (Max_TX_Pwr – CELL_PWR_RED) – 10*log10( 12*# PRBs)

Frequency Time
Al lo cat ed DL PRB
Allo PRBss PDCCH
 DL Pilots PDSCH, PCH BCH, SCH

DL-PC: Power
Nokia DL-PC: Pow er Reduct
Reduct io
ionn
Cell
Cell Power Reduction
PSD = (pM
(pMax
ax - CELL_PWR_RED) - 10*log10( # P
PRBs_DL
RBs_DL *12) - MIMO_CO
MIMO_COMP
MP [dBm]

PSD: Power Spectral Density, which specifies the constant absolute Power per 15kHz Resourc e Element (RE)
• pMax: maximum eNodeB transmit power per Antenna in [dBm]
• CELL_PW R_RED: O&M parameter
• # PRBs_DL: maxi
m aximum
mum Number of d ownl
ownlink
ink PRBs in given LTE Carri
Carrier
er Bandwidth
dlpcMimoComp
• MIMO_COMP: Compensation Factor Determines the power
• MIMO_COMP = 0 dB for SISO/SIMO compensation
compensati on factor for antenna-
specific maximum power in case
• MIMO_COMP = 0...12 dB for MIMO
M IMO Diversity and for MIMO Spatial
Spat ial Multiplexing of a downlink transmi
transmission
ssion using
- PSD given per antenna (R
(RF
Faampli
mpli fier output ) at least two TX antennas
LNCEL; 0..10; 0.01; 0 dB
- PRBs
PRBs not scheduled are blanked

Appl
Ap plied
ied to UE / cell sp
speci
eciff ic ch
chann
annels
els and sig nal
nals:
s:
• PSD_CELL_CTRL for BCCH i.e. PBCH+PDSCH, PCFICH and PCH
• PSD
PSD_CE
_CELL_RS
LL_RS for r eference signals (RS)
(RS) / pilot s dlCellPwrRed
• PSD
PSD_CE
_CELL_SYN
LL_SYNC
C for sync hroni zation chann el Reduction of DL Tx power; deducted
from max. antenna TX power.
• PSD_UE_PDSCH for UE specific part of PDSCH LNCEL; 0..10; 0.1; 0 dB
• PSD_UE_CTRL for PDCCH and PHICH
Noki
okiaa DL-P
L-PC
C: DL power boosti
boos ting
ng for
fo r cont rol channels
c hannels

• Power off set s to t he PCFICH

PCFICH,, PHICH
PHICH,, DL RS.
• Introduced wi th RL30 (LTE430).
• Better detection
detection of PCFICH indicating the number of OFDM symbols for
f or the PDCCH.
• Better channel estimation in case of RS boosting may improve HO performance.

• Higher reliability
reliability of ACK/NACK transmission
tr ansmission via
via PHICH. PCFICH
OFDM
symbols

The eNB ensures that total Tx power is not exceed, i.e.

the sum power for any OFDM symbol must
must not excee d
the commited maximum
maximum power, otherwise all the
configured boosts (PHICH)
(PHICH) may no t be applied.
Subcarrier power boosting is only allowed if the excess
power is withdrawn from th e remaining subcarriers.

Coverage in LTE is very often

oft en limited
limited by UL, and in
such cases it does not make much sen se to improve
the coverage
before in DL.
applying UL coverage
DL control should
channels beboost.
power checked
 RS
OFDM

Noki
okiaa DL-P
L-PC
C: DL power boosti
boos ting
ng for
fo r cont rol channels
c hannels

PCFIC
PCFICHH pow er boosting
PCFICH provides information about the number of OFDM symbols for the PDCCH.
dlPcfichBoost
Downlink PCFICH transmission
The eNB supports dedicated power control settings for the PCFICH in order to power boost
ensure that especially cell edge UEs can properly receive
receive the PCFICH. LNCEL; 0..6; 0.1; 0 dB
A relative
relative offset between
between the flat PSD (Power
(Power Spectral De
Density)
nsity) on
on PDSCH and
PCFICH can be configured by O&M on cell level.

PHICH
PHICH power boostin g dlPhichBoost
The PHICH provides ACK/NACK information
inf ormation for the uplink transmission. Downlink PHICH transmission power
The eNB supports dedicated power control settings for the PHICH in order to ensure boost
LNCEL; 0..6; 0.1; 0 dB
that the UE can properly receive the PHICH.
PHICH power boost may not be (full y) a
applied
pplied if PDCCH PSD goes too low in the first OFDM symbol. IIn
n
that case, the eNB rises the PHICH Power Boost not applied warning.
A maximum
maximum relative
relative offset between the flat PSD on PDSCH and
and PHICH can be configured by O&M on cell lev
level.
el.

signal boosting
Downlink reference signal
The downlink reference symbols
symbols are used by the UE for dlRsBoost
channel estimation
estimation and cell measurements
measurements (Level, Quality) for mobility. Downlink RS transmission power
boost
The eNB supports relative RS / PDSCH power control settings. LNCEL;; 0dB (0), 1.77dB (1), 3dB
LNCEL
A relative
relative offset between
between the PD
PDSCH
SCH and RS (2), 4.77dB (3), 6dB (4); 0 dB

can be configured by O&M on cell level.

level.
The eNB ensures that total Tx power is not exceed.
The sum power for any OFDM symbol must not exceed the commited maximum power, otherwise all the configured boosts
(PHICH)) may not be applied.
(PHICH

Huawei DL-PC
Down
ownlin
link
k Power Contro
Controll Strate
trategy
gy

Fixed Power Assignment. Applicable for : Category Parameter Huawei Value

CRS PDSCHCfg. ReferenceSignalPwr 18.2 dBm for 20 watt RRU
–CRS (Cell Reference Signal) Sync
Syncron
roniz
izat
atio
ion
n Sig
Signal
nal Cell
CellCh
ChPw
PwrCf
rCfg.
[Link]
SchP
hPwr
wr -6 dB
–Synchronization Signal PBCH [Link] -6 dB
PCFICH [Link] Pwr -6 dB
–PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel) PHICH [Link] - Off
–PCFICH (Physical Control Format Indicator Channel) PhichInnerLoopPcSwitch Off
[Link] 0 dB

–PHICH (Physical Hybrid-ARQ Indicator Channel) Fix DL Power

Allocation PDSCH (SIB, RACH [Link], 0 dB
–PDCCH that carry common control information (SIB, response, Paging) [Link], -6 dB
[Link] -6 dB
RACH response, Paging)
–PSDCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel)
PDSCH Other than SIB, [Link] 1 dB
The configured power must meet the requirement for RACH response & Paging [Link] -3 dB
downlink coverage of the cell.

• Dynamic Power Control. Applicable for

–PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel) that carry Dedicated Control Information.

Category Parameter Huawei Nokia Ericssons ZTE

Dynamic Power Control [Link] -
[Link] On On N/A N/A
PDCCH PdcchPcSwitch
 Dow
ownl
nlink
ink Pow er Cont
ontrol
rol Para
arameter
meter
Category Parameter Huawei Value Nok ia Value Ericssons Value ZTE Value
CRS PDSCHCfg. 18.2 dBm N/A. CRS power - N/A. CRS power calculated - [EUtranCellFDD] 12 dBm
ReferenceSignalPwr for 20 watt calculated from 430 (20 watt) from 40000 cellReferenceSignalPower
[LNCEL] pMax 1000 (0 dB) [SectorEquipmentFunction]
[LNCEL] dlRsBoost configuredOutputPower 300 (3 dB)
[EUtranCellFDD] crsGain
Syncronization CellChPwrCfg. -6 dB
Signal SchPwr
PBCH Cel lChPwrCfg. -6 dB [PowerControlDL] 4 (0 dB)

PbchPwr paForBCCH
PCFICH Cel lChPwrCfg. -6 dB dlPcfichBoost 0 [PowerControlDL]
PcfichPwr pcfichPwrOfst
PHICH Cel lAl goSwitch. Off dlPhichBoost 0 [PowerControlDL]
Fix DL Power DlPcAlgoSwitch - phichPwrOfst
Allocation PhichInnerLoopPcS 0 dB
witch Off
CellDlpcPhich.

PDSCH (SIB, RACH PwrOffset

CellChPwrCfg. 0 dB
response, Paging) RaRspPwr,
CellChPwrCfg. -6 dB
PchPwr,
CellChPwrCfg. -6 dB
DbchPwr
PDSCH Other than [Link] 1 dB [EUtranCellFDD] 1 [EUtranCellFDD] Pb 1
SIB, RACH [Link] -3 dB pdschTypeBgain
response & Paging PcOff
Dynamic Power Switch CellAlgoSwitch. On enablePcPdcch 1 (true)
Control PDCCH DlPcAlgoSwitch -
PdcchPcSwitch

Ce
Cell
ll sp
specif
ecific
ic Re
Reference
ference Signal
Sig nal (CRS
(CRS)) Power Sett
Settin
ing
g

x R x R R x R x R RS symbol for antenna port 0

R RS symbol for antenna port 1
R x R x x R x R

x R x R R x R x

R x R x x R x R
Antenn
Antenna
a Port 0 An
Antenn
tenna
a Port 1

Type A Symbol: without RS REs Type B Symbol: RS REs

EPRE: Energy Per Resource Element

The power setting is based on EPRE
EA (EPRE Type A) = Energy Per RE that doesn’t have Rs Power in the symbol

EB (EPRE Type B) = Energy Per RE that have Rs Power in the symbol

ER = Energy per Reference Signal
Signal Power RE
Ce
Cell
ll sp
specif
ecific
ic Re
Reference
ference Signal
Sig nal (CRS
(CRS)) Power Sett
Settin
ing
g

3/4 1 1 PB Power
Power of type B symbol / Power
Power of type A
3/4 1 1 Symbol
X 1 1 X
1 ANT p or
ort 2 or 4 ANT ports
3/4 1 1
compensate 0 1 5/4
3/4 1 1
R 1 1 R 1 4/5 1
3/4 1 1 2 3/5 3/4
3/4 1 1
3 2/5 1/2
X 1 1 X
3/4 1 1
compensate 3/4 1 1 Bandwidth PB PRS ( dBm)
R 1 1 R 10M 1 18.2
15M 1 16.4
PB=2 , 2 Antennas
20M 1 15.2

2 antennas, 20w per antenna

RS Power Total power per channel(dBm) – 10lg(total subcarrier)+10lg(P + 1)

 B

RR
RRU
U Pow
Pow er Case
Case Exampl e

Optimal power setting need to utilize all the RRU

RR U power.
power. Accumulative power of type A should be equal to accumulative
accumulative
power of type B

configuration possibilities:
configuration
Type A Symbol -> 12 EA
Type B Symbol -> 8EB + 2ER

So Pa, Pb settings have to follow

follow -> 8EB+2Er=12 EA

Pa,Pb
Pa,Pb (-3,1
(-3,1)) -> Er=2Ea
Er=2Ea,, Eb=Ea

8Eb+2Er=12Ea
8Ea+2(2Ea)=12Ea
12Ea=12Ea

Pa,Pb) (0,0) -> Er= Ea, Eb=1.25Ea

E b=1.25Ea
So, optimal power setting
setting combination is Pa,Pb = -3, 1 and Pa,
8Eb+2Er=12Ea Pb = 0,
0, 0
 10Ea+2(Ea)=12Ea
12Ea=12Ea Other setting can’t utilize total power 100%. See
S ee next slide

Pa-P
-Pb
b Pow er Dist
Dist ri
ribut
but ion for 20
20W
W, 10
10 MHz
MHz
PA
Power utilization rate
-6 -4.77 -3 -1.77 0 1 2 3
0 67% 75% 86% 92% 100% 97% 94% 92%
1 75% 86% 100% 92% 83% 80% 77% 75%
PB
2 86% 100% 83% 75% 67% 63% 61% 58%
3 100% 83% 67% 58% 50% 47% 44% 42%

PA
Max RS power(dBm)
-6 -4.77 -3 -1.77 0 1 2 3
0 19.4 18.8 17.5 16.7 15.2 14.2 13.2 12.2
1 20.0 19.3 18.2 17.0 15.2 14.2 13.2 12.2
PB
2 20.5 20.0 18.2 17.0 15.2 14.2 13.2 12.2
3 21.2 20.0 18.2 17.0 15.2 14.2 13.2 12.2

PA
Total
Total Power of symbol with RS(W)
-6 -4.77 -3 -1.77 0 1 2 3
0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 19.3 18.8 18.3
1 20.0 20.0 20.0 18.3 16.7 16.0 15.4 15.0
PB
2 20.0 20.0 16.7 15.0 13.3 12.6 12.1 11.7
3 20.0 16.7 13.3 11.7 10.0 9.3 8.8 8.3

PA
Total Power of symbol without RS(W)
-6 -4.77 -3 -1.77 0 1 2 3
0 13.4 15.0 17.2 18.5 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0
1 15.0 17.1 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0
PB
2 17.2 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0
3 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0

DL-PC: PC on PDCCH
Ma
Main
in tar
target
get of DL-P
DL-PC-
C-CC
CCH
H

• DL Power Control for PDCCH is an additional mechanism interacting with DL AMC for PDCCH in
order to make the signaling as robust as possi ble
• DL-PC-CCH aims at 1% target BLER but cannot modify AGG assignments
• Main actions performed by DL-PC-CCH
– Power reduction on CCEs with assigned AGG level higher than required (or equal)
– Power boosting on CCEs with assigned AGG level lower than required
– Equal power relocation among all scheduled CCEs

• Macro cell case #1


• Uniform UE distribution Very good CC
CCEs
Es (CQI highly above 1% BLER target)
 Bad CCEs (AGG level
level too high to meet 1% B
BLER
LER target)
 If still som e power available
available,, relocate equally among all CCEs

enableLowAgg
4-CCE
2-CCE 1-CCE Enable lower aggregation selectio
selection
n
8-CCE for PDCCH LA .
 LNCEL; True/False; False

Prin
Princi
cipl
ples
es of DL-PC-
DL-PC-AMC
AMC

• PDCCH Power Control can be enab

enabled/disabled
led/disabled by O&M switc h
• Maximum transmi t power of the Power
Power Ampl if ier cannot
cannot be exceeded
exceeded (pMax
pMax;; O&M)
• Reduction and boosting range is strictly defined and is always considered as the limit for
powerr leve
powe levell modification
• DL-PC-CCH operates
operates together with DL-AMC-CCH on TTI basis
together

• DCI messages with more than one CCE (AGG-…>1)

(AGG-…>1) have a flat PSD,
thus all CCEs
CCEs belonging to one s cheduled UE
UE are transmitt ed with the same power

Short Range/ Default Parameter

Description Remark
Name Step Value Scope
enablePcPdcch Enabling/disabling
Enabling/disabling PC for PDCCH. In case the true, false true Cell Changing parameter requires object

paramete
parameter
used. r is disabled, a flat downlink PSD is locking.
Operator configurable.
pdcchPcBoost Maximum power boost per CCE. 0...10 dB, step 4 dB BTS Not modifiable.
0.1 dB Vendor
Vendor configurable.
pdcchPcRed Maximum power reduction per CCE. 0...10 dB, step 6 dB BTS Not modifiable.
0.1 dB Vendor
Vendor configurable.
pdcchPcReloc Maximum limit on the equal power relocation 0...10 dB, step 3 dB BTS Not modifiable.
per CCE. 0.1 dB Vendor
Vendor configurable.
Ge
Genera
nerall algor it
ithm
hm
Output from DL AMC for PDCCH
• Required AGG levels per UE per DCI format
• Assigned AGG levels
levels per UE per DCI format
Power Relocation
• PDCCH CQI per UE
• Calcul
Calculated
ated TOTAL_NUM_CCEs
TOTAL_NUM_CCEs If the Power Basket is still not empty, relocate the
(all available CCEs; PHICH&PCFICH consid
considered)
ered) excess
exce ss power equally among all scheduled UEs.

Build the Power Basket • power levels to be appl ied for all scheduled UEs
(“free unu sed” power on PDCCH)
Count unu sed power from unscheduled CCEs

Power Reduction
…to DL-PHY
DL-PHY
Decrease the power for all UEs with assigned
AGG level1%
level
meet the equal
BLERto the required
target AGGthe
and count lev
level
el to
amount
to the Power Basket

Power Boosting
Increase t he power for all UEs with the assigned
Increase
AGG level
level lower than the require
required
d AGG
AGG level to
meet the 1% BLER target.

Modify the Power Basket according to the amount

of power used for boosting.
of power used for boosting.

Graceful
Graceful Cell
Cell Shutdown
Shutdown
Gra
Graceful
ceful Cell
Cell Shutdow
Shutd ow n

Reduced Service Impact

• Stepwise downlink power reduction in order to enforce active

and idle mode mobility to other cells layers
• Operator configurable settings enableGrflShdn
The parameter enables the
feature 'Graceful Cell Shutdown'.
DL power LNBTS;; Disabled (0), Enabled
LNBTS
(1); Enabled (1)

time

handover or
cell reselection
Gra
Graceful
ceful Cell
Cell Shutdow
Shutd ow n

• The eNode B reduces stepwise the DL power to a minimum

power level
• The number of steps and the shutdown time is operator
configurable
• The broadcasted power for the reference symbols is not
changed, i.e. UE assumes that the eNode B power is
unchanged
• A wait timer of 10 seconds
seconds is applie
applied
d after the las
lastt power down
step before the administrative state is set to locked and the
operational state is set to disabled.
shutdownStepAmount shutdownWindow
Number of Steps for Graceful Time Interval for Stepwise
Cell Shutdown Output Power Reduction for
LNBTS; 1...16;1; 6 Graceful Cell Shutdown

LNBTS; 6...180;6; 60
PM Count er & dependencies
dependenci es

• No new PM counters are added as the graceful shutdown

behavior can be covered with the existing PM counters

• No dependencies on other entities

Questions

1. Wh at is the purpose of the ulpcAlpha parameter.

What
2. Assuming that
that the RSSI signal increased above the level set by ulpcUplevSch
AND the received was between ulpcLowqualSch and ulpcUpqualSch
received quality was
- what would
would be the closed
closed loop pow
power
er control decis
decision
ion value?
3. Wh
What
at is the purpose of PDCCH CCE Power Boosting?
THANK
THA NK YOU