1. **What is meant by Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA)?
**
EDA is the process of examining datasets to summarize their
key characteristics using statistics and visualizations.
**Example**: Using `[Link]()` in Python to get summary
statistics of a dataset.
2. **Mention the purpose of data aggregation in EDA.**
Aggregation simplifies data by grouping and summarizing it,
making patterns easier to detect.
**Example**: `[Link]('Region')['Sales'].sum()` aggregates
sales by region.
3. **State the significance of EDA in Data Science.**
EDA helps uncover insights, detect anomalies, and guide model
selection.
**Example**: Identifying outliers in a box plot before building a
regression model.
4. **Compare EDA with Classical and Bayesian analysis.**
- EDA: Visual and informal
- Classical: Based on fixed assumptions and frequentist
statistics
- Bayesian: Uses prior probabilities and updates beliefs with
data
**Example**: EDA uses scatter plots; Classical uses t-tests;
Bayesian uses posterior distributions.
5. **List software tools used for EDA.**
- Python (Pandas, Matplotlib, Seaborn)
- R (ggplot2)
- Tableau
- Power BI
- Excel
**Example**: Creating a heatmap in Seaborn to visualize
correlations.
6. **What are visual aids in EDA? Give examples.**
Visual aids help interpret data patterns.
**Examples**: Histograms, box plots, scatter plots, pie charts.
7. **What is data transformation?**
It’s the process of converting data into a suitable format for
analysis.
**Example**: Applying log transformation to skewed data:
`[Link](df['Income'])`.
8. **Define data transformation in EDA.**
In EDA, it helps reveal hidden patterns and normalize data.
**Example**: Scaling features using `StandardScaler()` in scikit-
learn.
9. **Explain the concept of grouping datasets.**
Grouping organizes data into subsets based on shared
attributes.
**Example**: `[Link]('Department')['Salary'].mean()` gives
average salary per department.
10. **Differentiate between merging datasets and reshaping
datasets.**
- *Merging*: Combines datasets based on keys
- *Reshaping*: Alters structure (e.g., pivoting)
**Example**:
- Merging: `[Link](df1, df2, on='ID')`
- Reshaping: `[Link](index='Date', columns='Product',
values='Sales')`
11. **What is Matplotlib?**
A Python library for creating static, animated, and interactive
plots.
**Example**: `[Link](x, y)` creates a line chart.
12. **Mention some advantages of using Matplotlib over
MATLAB.**
- Free and open-source
- Integrates with Python
- More flexible for web apps
**Example**: Embedding Matplotlib plots in a Jupyter Notebook.
13. **Differentiate between a histogram and a bar chart.**
- Histogram: Shows frequency of numerical data
- Bar chart: Displays categorical data
**Example**:
- Histogram: `[Link](df['Age'])`
- Bar chart: `[Link](['A', 'B'], [10, 20])`
14. **What is the use of a legend in plots?**
Legends identify different data series in a plot.
**Example**:
```python
[Link](x, y1, label='Sales')
[Link](x, y2, label='Profit')
[Link]()
```
15. **Write the syntax to import Matplotlib in Python.**
```python
import [Link] as plt
```
16. **Define scatter plot with example.**
A scatter plot shows relationships between two variables.
**Example**:
```python
[Link](df['Height'], df['Weight'])
```
17. **Mention the role of colors in visualization.**
Colors highlight differences, improve readability, and convey
meaning.
**Example**: Using `hue='Gender'` in Seaborn to color-code
male vs female data.
18. **What is meant by Matplotlib?**
Matplotlib is a Python library for creating visualizations like line
plots, bar charts, and scatter plots.
**Example**:
```python
[Link](['Jan', 'Feb'], [100, 150])
```
19. **What is the key responsibilities of data analysts?**
- Collect and clean data
- Perform EDA
- Identify trends
- Create visualizations
- Communicate insights
**Example**: Building a dashboard to show monthly sales
trends using Power BI.