Quadrilateral?
What is Quadrilateral?
Quadrilateral is defined as "A flat shape with four sides".
Quadrilateral means four sides.
(Quad means "four" & Lateral means "sides".
Any FOUR-SIDED shape is a Quadrilateral.
But the sides have to be STRAIGHT, and it has to be
2-dimensional (2D).
Quadrilateral
Trapezium
One pair of parallel sides
Parallelogram Rhombus Kite
Two pairs of parallel sides All sides equal Two pairs of adjacent
equal sides
Rectangle Square
4 right All sides
angles are equal
4 right
angles
Rectangle
A rectangle is a four-sided shape where every angle is a right angle
(90°).
Also opposite sides are parallel and equal length.
It is also a parallelogram.
a
Rectangle Formula
Area of rectangle : a(base) X b(height)
Perimeter of rectangle : 2(a+b)
Square
A square has equal sides and every angle is a right angle (90°)
Also opposite sides are parallel.
A square also fits the definition of a rectangle (all angles are 90°),
and a rhombus (all sides are equal length).
a
Square Formula
Area of Square = (a)2
Perimeter of Square = 4(a)
Diagonal of Square = a 2
where a = side
R hombus
A rhombus is a four-sided shape where all sides have equal length.
Also opposite sides are parallel and opposite angles are equal.
Another interesting thing is that the diagonals (dashed lines in
secondfigure) meet in the middle at a right angle. In other words
they"bisect" (cut in half) each other at right angles.
A rhombus is sometimes called a rhomb, diamonds and it also a
special type of parallelogram.
Rhombus Formula a
d2
Base Times Height Method : Area of Rhombus = b X h
d1
h
Diagonal Method : Area of Rhombus = 1/2 X d1 X d2
Trigonometry Method : Area of Rhombus = a2 X SinA
Perimeter of Rhombus = 4(a) b
where a = side, b = breadth, h = height, d1, d2 are diagonals
Parallelogram
A parallelogram has opposite sides parallel and equal in length.
Also opposite angles are equal (angles "a" are the same, and angles
"b" are the same).
NOTE: Squares, Rectangles and Rhombuses are all Parallelograms.
Parallelogram Formula
a h
Area of Parallelogram = b (base) X h (height)
Perimeter of parallelogram = 2a + 2b
b
Trapezium
A trapezium (UK Mathematics) has a pair of opposite sides parallel.
It is called an Isosceles trapezium if the sides that aren't parallel are
equal in length and both angles coming from a parallel side are
equal,as shown.
A trapezoid has no pair of opposite sides parallel.
b
Trapezium Formula
Area of Trapezium = 1/2 X (a + b) X h
c h d
where a, b = sides, h = height
Perimeter of Trapezium = a + b + c + d
where a, b, c, d = sides a
Kite
A kite has two pairs of sides.
Each pair is made up of adjacent sides that are equal in length.
The angles are equal where the pairs meet.
Diagonals (dashed lines) meet at a right angle
The diagonals of a kite are perpendicular.
Kite Formula
Diagonal Method : Area of Kite = 1/2 X d1 X d2
Trigonometry Method: Area of Kite = a X b X SinC
Perimeter of Kite = 2 (a + b)
where a = length, b = breadth, d1, d2 are diagonals