ICSE CHAPTERWISE PYQ CLASS 10 MATHS PAGE 189

CHAPTER 9
ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION

Thus (c) is correct option.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS QUESTION 4. Comp 2023

QUESTION 1. Main 2024 4. The first term of AP is p and the common

1. The 7th term of the given Arithmetic Progression difference is q , then its 10th term is
(A.P.) : a1 , ^ a1 + 1h, ^ a1 + 2h .... is : (a) q + 9p (b) p - 9q
(a) ^ a1 + 6h (b) ^ a1 + 7h (c) p + 9q (d) 2p + 9q
(c) ^ a + 8h
1
(d) ^ a1 + 77h Sol :[Board 2020 Delhi Standard]
Sol :
We have a = p and d = q
We can see easily that A = a1 and d = 1.
a10 = a + (10 - 1) d
Now an = a + (n - 1) d
= p + 9q
a7 = a + 6d
Thus (c) is correct option.
= a1 + 6
QUESTION 5. Main 2022 Sem I
Thus (a) is correct option. 5. In an Arithmetic Progression (A.P.), if first term
QUESTION 2. SQP 2024 is 5, common difference is -3 and the nth term is
2. Which of the following is/are an Arithmetic -7, then n is :
Progression (A.P.)? (a) 5 (b) 17
1. 1, 4, 9, 16,...... (c) -13 (d) 7
2. 3 , 2 3 , 3 3 , 4 3 , ..... Sol :
3. 8, 6, 4, 5
(a) only 1 We have a = 5, d = -3, an = -7
(b) only 2 Now an = a + (n - 1) d
(c) only 2 and 3
(d) all 1, 2 and 3 -7 = 5 + (n - 1) (- 3)
= 5 - 3n + 3
Sol :
We can see easily that only 2 is a AP because 3n = 8 + 7 = 15
there is common difference 3 . 15
n= 3 = 5
In 1 and 3, there is no common difference.
Thus (b) is correct option. Thus (a) is correct option.
QUESTION 6. Main 2022 Sem I
QUESTION 3. Main 2023
6. 70, 75, 80, 85 are the first four terms of an
3. The nth term of an Arithmetic Progression (A.P.)
Arithmetric Progression, then the 10th term is :
is 2n + 5. The 10th term is:
(a) 35 (b) 25
(a) 7 (b) 15
(c) 115 (d) 105
(c) 25 (d) 45
Sol :
Sol :
The given A.P. is 70, 75, 80, 85 .....
nth term, an = 2n + 5 Here, 75 - 70 = 5, 80 - 75 = 5
10th term, a10 = 2(10) + 5 85 - 80 = 5
= 20 + 5 So, given sequence, is an AP in which
= 25 a = 70, d = 5
CH 9 : ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION

and n = 10 Here, 8 - 3= 5
an = a + (n - 1) d 13 - 8 = 5
a10 = 70 + (10 - 1)5 18 - 13 = 5
= 70 + 45 So, given is an AP in which

= 115 a = 3, d = 5, an = 73
Thus (c) is correct option. Now, an = a + (n - 1) d
QUESTION 7. Main 2022 Sem I 73 = 3 + (n - 1) 5
7. The first four terms of an Arithmetic Progression = 3 + 5n - 5
(A.P.) whose first term is 4 and common difference
is -6, are : 73 - 3 + 5 = 5n
(a) 4, -10, -16, -22 75 = 5n
(b) 4, 10, 16, 22
n = 15
(c) 4, -2, -8, -14
(d) 4, 2, 8, 14 Thus (c) is correct option.
QUESTION 10.
Sol :
10. The nth term of the AP a , 3a , 5a , ... is
We have a = 4, d = -6 (a) na (b) (2n - 1) a
First term a1 = a = 4 (c) (2n + 1) a (d) 2na

Second term a2 = a + d = 4 + (-6) = -2 Sol :[Board 2020 OD Standard]

Third term a3 = a + 2d = 4 + 2(-6) = -8 Given AP is a , 3a , 5a , ...

Fourth term a 4 = a + 3d = 4 + 3(-6) = -14 First term is a and d = 3a - a = 2a
Hence, the first four terms are 4, -2, -8, -14. nth term an = a + (n - 1) d
Thus (c) is correct option.
= a + (n - 1) 2a
QUESTION 8. Main 2022 Sem I
= a + 2na - 2a
8. The first three terms of an Arithmetic Progression
(A.P.) are 1, 9, 17 then the next two terms are : = 2na - a = (2n - 1) a
(a) 25 and 35 (b) 27 and 37 Thus (b) is correct option.
(c) 25 and 33 (d) none of these
QUESTION 11.
Sol : 1-p
11. The common difference of the AP 1 , ,
p p
The given A.P. is 1, 9, 17 ..... 1 - 2p
, ... is
p
Here, first term a= 1 (a) 1 (b) 1
p
Common difference, d = 9 - 1 = 8
(c) - 1 (d) - 1
Fourth term, a4 = a + 3d p
Sol :[Board 2020 OD Standard]
= 1 + 3 × 8 = 25
1 - p 1 - 2p
Fifth term, a5 = a + 4d Given AP is 1 , , ...
p p p
= 1 + 4 × 8 = 33 Common difference
Thus (c) is correct option. 1-p 1
d= -
p p
QUESTION 9. Main 2022 Sem I
9. If 73 is the nth term of the arithmetic progression 1-p-1 -p
= = =- 1
p p
3, 8, 13, 18 ..... then n is :
(a) 13 (b) 14 Thus (c) is correct option.
(c) 15 (d) 16
QUESTION 12.
Sol : 12. The value of x for which 2x, (x + 10) and (3x + 2)
Given A.P. is 3, 8, 13, 18, ..... are the three consecutive terms of an AP, is
(a) 6 (b) - 6
ICSE CHAPTERWISE PYQ CLASS 10 MATHS PAGE 191

(c) 18 (d) - 18
a11 = - 5 + 25 = 20
Sol :[Board 2020 Delhi Standard]
Thus (b) is correct option.
Since 2x, (x + 10) and (3x + 2) are in AP we
QUESTION 16.
obtain,
16. In an AP, if a = 3.5 , d = 0 and n = 101, then an
(x + 10) - 2x = (3x + 2) - (x + 10) will be
- x + 10 = 2x - 8 (a) 0 (b) 3.5
(c) 103.5 (d) 104.5
- x - 2x = - 8 - 10
Sol :
- 3x = - 18 & x = 6
Thus (a) is correct option. For an AP, an = a + ^n - 1h d
= 3.5 + ^101 - 1h # 0
QUESTION 13.
13. In an AP, if d = - 4 , n = 7 and an = 4 , then a = 3.5
is equal to Thus (b) is correct option.
(a) 6 (b) 7
(c) 20 (d) 28 QUESTION 17.
17. Which term of an AP, 21, 42, 63, 84, ... is 210?
Sol :
(a) 9th (b) 10th
In an AP, an = a + (n - 1) d (c) 11th (d) 12th
4 = a + (7 - 1) (- 4) Sol :
4 = a + 6 (- 4) Let n th term of given AP be 210,
4 + 24 = a & a = 28 First term, a = 21
Thus (d) is correct option. Common difference, d = 42 - 21 = 21
QUESTION 14. and an = 210
14. In an AP, if a = 3.5 , d = 0 and n = 101, then an In an AP, an = a + (n - 1) d
will be
(a) 0 (b) 3.5 210 = 21 + (n - 1) 21
(c) 103.5 (d) 104.5 210 = 21 + 21n - 21
Sol :(b) 3.5 210 = 21n & n = 10
As, d = 0 all the terms are same whatever the Hence, the 10th term of the given AP is 210.
Thus (b) is correct option.
value of n . So, an = 3.5 .
Alternate Method : QUESTION 18.
18. If the common difference of an AP is 5, then what
In an AP, an = a + (n - 1) d
is a18 - a13 ?
an = 3.5 + (101 - 1) # 0 (a) 5 (b) 20
= 3.5 (c) 25 (d) 30

Thus (b) is correct option. Sol :

Given, the common difference of AP i.e, d = 5
QUESTION 15.
Using, an = a + (n - 1) d
15. The 11th term of an AP - 5 , - 5 , 0, 5 , ....., is
2 2
(a) - 20 (b) 20 We have, a18 = a + (18 - 1) d
(c) - 30 (d) 30 and a13 = a + (13 - 1) d
Sol : Now, a18 - a13 = a + (18 - 1) d - [a + (13 - 1) d]
Here, a = - 5 , d = - 5 - (- 5) = 5 = a + 17 # 5 - a - 12 # 5
2 2
= 85 - 60 = 25
n th term, an = a + (n - 1) d
Thus (c) is correct option.
a11 = - 5 + (11 - 1) # b 5 l
2
CH 9 : ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION
Sol : In an AP, an = a + ^n - 1h d
4th term of first AP, 4 = a + ^7 - 1h^- 4h
a 4 = - 1 + (4 - 1) d
4 = a + 6 ^- 4h
= - 1 + 3d
4 + 24 = a & a = 28
and 4th term of second AP,
Thus (d) is correct option.
al4 = - 8 + (4 - 1) d
QUESTION 35.
= - 8 + 3d
35. The first four terms of an AP whose first term is
Now, the difference between their 4th terms,
- 2 and the common difference is - 2 are
al4 - a 4 = (- 1 + 3d) - (- 8 + 3d) (a) - 2, 0, 2, 4 (b) - 2, 4, - 8, 16
= - 1 + 3d + 8 - 3d = 7 (c) - 2, - 4, - 6, - 8 (d) - 2, - 4, - 8, - 16
Hence, the required difference is 7. Sol :
Thus (c) is correct option.
Let the first four terms of an AP are a, a + d, a + 2d
QUESTION 32.
and a + 3d .
32. An AP starts with a positive fraction and every Given, that first term, a = - 2 and common
alternate term is an integer. If the sum of the first difference, d = - 2 , then we have an AP as follows
11 terms is 33, then the fourth term is
(a) 2 (b) 3 - 2, - 2 - 2, - 2 + 2 ^- 2h, - 2 + 3 ^- 2h
(c) 5 (d) 6 = - 2, - 4, - 6, - 8
Sol : Thus (c) is correct option.
We have S11 = 33 QUESTION 36.
36. The 21th term of an AP whose first two terms are
26 @
11 2a + 10d = 33
- 3 and 4, is
a + 5d = 3 (a) 17 (b) 137
(c) 143 (d) - 143
i.e. a6 = 3 & a 4 = 2
Since, alternate terms are integers and the given Sol :
sum is possible, a 4 = 2 . Given, first two terms of an AP are
Thus (a) is correct option. a =- 3
QUESTION 33.
and a+d = 4
33. If the sum of the first 2n terms of 2, 5, 8, ..........
is equal to the sum of the first n terms of 57, 59, -3 + d = 4 & d = 7
61, .........., then n is equal to For an AP, an = a + ^n - 1h d
(a) 10 (b) 12
Thus a21 = a + ^21 - 1h d
(c) 11 (d) 13
= - 3 + ^20h 7
Sol :
2n {2 2 + (2n - 1) 3} = n {2 57 + (n - 1) 2} = - 3 + 140 = 137
2 # 2 # Thus (b) is correct option.
2 (6n + 1) = 112 + 2n
QUESTION 37.
10n = 110 & n = 11 37. The number of two digit numbers which are
Thus (c) is correct option. divisible by 3 is
(a) 33 (b) 31
QUESTION 34. (c) 30 (d) 29
34. In an AP, if d = - 4 , n = 7 and an = 4 , then a is
equal to Sol :
(a) 6 (b) 7 Two digit numbers which are divisible by 3 are
(c) 20 (d) 28 12, 15, 18, .........., 99;
Sol :(d) 28 Here a = 12 , d = 3 and an = 99
ICSE CHAPTERWISE PYQ CLASS 10 MATHS PAGE 193

= 5 [2 # 3 + 4 # 3] 31th term a31 = 8 + 30 # 3 = 98

2
Thus (d) is correct option.
= 5 (6 + 12) = 5 # 18 = 45
2 2 QUESTION 29.

Thus (a) is correct option. 29. The first and last term of an AP are a and ,
respectively. If S is the sum of all the terms of
QUESTION 26. 2 2
26. If the sum of the series 2 + 5 + 8 + 11 .......... is the AP and the common difference is , - a
k - (, + a)
60100, then the number of terms are , then k is equal to
(a) 100 (b) 200 (a) S (b) 2S
(c) 150 (d) 250 (c) 3S (d) None of these

Sol : Sol :

We have a = 2 . d = 5 - 2 = 3 and Sn = 60100 We have, S = n (a + ,)

2
n [2a + (n - 1) d] = S
2 n 2S = n (1)
n [4 + (n - 1) 3] = 60100 a+,
2
Also, , = a + (n - 1) d
n (3n + 1) = 120200
3n2 + n - 120200 = 0 d = ,-a = ,-a
n-1 2S - 1
601 +,
(n - 200) (3n + 601) = 0 & n = 200, 3 a
= ,2 - a2
Thus n = 200 because n can not be fraction. 2S - (, + a)

Thus (b) is correct option. Thus k = 2S

QUESTION 27. Thus (b) is correct option.
27. If the common difference of an AP is 5, then what
QUESTION 30.
is a18 - a13 ?
30. If the nth term of an AP is given by an = 5n - 3 ,
(a) 5 (b) 20
then the sum of first 10 terms if
(c) 25 (d) 30
(a) 225 (b) 245
Sol : (c) 255 (d) 270
Given, the common difference of AP i.e., d = 5 Sol :
Now an = a + ^n - 1h d
We have an = 5n - 3
Now, a18 - a13 = a + (18 - 1) d - [a + ^13 - 1h d]
Substituting n = 1 and 10 we have
= a + 17 # 5 - a - 12 # 5
a=2
= 85 - 60 = 25
a10 = 47
Thus (c) is correct option.
Thus Sn = n (a + an)
2
QUESTION 28.
10
S10 = (2 + 47)
28. There are 60 terms is an AP of which the first 2
term is 8 and the last term is 185. The 31 st term is
= 5 # 49 = 245
(a) 56 (b) 94
(c) 85 (d) 98 Thus (b) is correct option.

Sol : QUESTION 31.

31. Two APs have the same common difference. The
Let d be the common difference;
first term of one of these is - 1 and that of the
Now an = a + ^n - 1h d other is - 8. Then the difference between their
Then 60th term, a60 = 8 + ^60 - 1h d 4th terms is
(a) - 1 (b) - 8
185 = 8 + 59d
(c) 7 (d) - 9
59d = 177 & d = 3
CH 9 : ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION

Sum S4 = 4a = 20 5a = 10020 & a = 2004

Thus a=5 Now, as smallest possible value of d is 1.
(a - 3x) (a + 3x) Hence, the smallest possible value of a + 2d is
Also, =2
(a - x) (a + x) 3 2004+2 = 2006
3 (a2 - (3x) 2) = 2 (a2 - x2) Thus (c) is correct option.
2 2 2 2
3a - 27x = 2a - 2x QUESTION 45.

a2 = 25x2 45. If the 2nd term of an AP is 13 and 5th term is 25,

a 5 what is its 7th term?
a = 5x & x = 5 = 5 = 1 (a) 30 (b) 33
Thus x = 1. Common difference, d = 2x = 2 (c) 37 (d) 38

Thus (d) is correct option. Sol :(b) 33

QUESTION 43. We have a2 = 13 , and a5 = 25

43. The sum of 11 terms of an AP whose middle term In an AP, an = a + (n - 1) d
is 30, is
(a) 320 (b) 330 a2 = a + (2 - 1) d = 13
(c) 340 (d) 350 a + d = 13 ...(1)
Sol : and a5 = a + (5 - 1) d = 25
Middle term is 11 + 1
2 = 6 th term. a + 4d = 25 ...(2)
Now an = a + ^n - 1h d Subtracting equation (1) from equation (2), we
get
a 6 = a + 5d
3d = 25 - 13 = 12 & d = 4
30 = a + 5d
From equation (1), a = 13 - 4 = 9
a = 30 - 5d
Now, 7th term, a7 = a + (7 - 1) d
Now Sn = n [2a + (n - 1) d]
2 = 9 + 6 # 4 = 33
11
S11 = (2a + 10d)
2 Thus (b) is correct option.
Substituting value of a we have QUESTION 46.
S11 = 11 [2 (30 - 5d) + 10d] 46. Assertion : If n th term of an AP is 7 - 4n , then
2
11 its common differences is - 4 .
= [60 - 10d + 10d] Reason : Common difference of an AP is given by
2
d = an + 1 - an .
= 11 # 30
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true
S11 = 330 and reason (R) is the correct explanation of
Thus (b) is correct option. assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true
but reason (R) is not the correct explanation
QUESTION 44. of assertion (A).
44. Five distinct positive integers are in a arithmetic (c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
progression with a positive common difference. (d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
If their sum is 10020, then the smallest possible Sol :
value of the last term is
(a) 2002 (b) 2004 Assertion, an = 7 - 4n
(c) 2006 (d) 2007 d = an + 1 - an
Sol : = 7 - 4 (n + 1) - (7 - 4n)
Let the five integers be a - 2d , a - d , a , a + d = 7 - 4n - 4 - 7 + 4n
, a + 2d.
Then, we have, =- 4
^a - 2d h + ^a - d h + a + ^a + d h + ^a + 2d h = 10020 Both are correct. Reason is the correct explanation.
ICSE CHAPTERWISE PYQ CLASS 10 MATHS PAGE 195

For an AP, an = a + ^n - 1h d (a) 2 (c - a) (b) 2 (d - c)

(c) 2 (f - d) (d) (d - c)
So, 99 = 12 + (n - 1) # 3
Sol :
99 - 12 = 3n - 3
Let x be the common difference of the AP
99 - 12 + 3 = 3n
a, b, c, d, e, f .
90 = 3n & n = 30 For an AP, an = a + ^n - 1h d
Thus (c) is correct option.
e = a + (5 - 1) x
QUESTION 38.
38. The list of numbers - 10 , - 6 , - 2 , 2, ..... is e = a + 4x ...(1)
(a) an AP with d = - 16 (b) an AP with and c = a + (3 - 1) x
d=4
c = a + 2x ...(2)
(c) an AP with d = - 4 (d) not an AP
Using equation (1) and (2), we get
Sol :
e - c = a + 4x - a - 2x
The given numbers are - 10 , - 6 , - 2 , 2, .....
= 2x = 2 (d - c)
Here, a1 = 10 , a2 = - 6 , a3 = - 2 and a 4 = 2 ,
Thus (b) is correct option.
.....
QUESTION 41.
Since, d1 = a2 - a1
41. If 7 times the 7th term of an AP is equal to 11
= - 6 - (- 10) = - 6 + 10 = 4 times its 11th term, then its term will be
d2 = a3 - a2 (a) 7 (b) 11
(c) 18 (d) 0
= - 2 - (- 6) = - 2 + 6 = 4
Sol :
d3 = a 4 - a3
= 2 - (- 2) = 2 + 2 = 4 In an AP, an = a + (n - 1) d
Now, according to the question,
Since, d1 = d2 = d3 = ..... = 4
7a7 = 11a11
i.e., each successive term of given list has same
difference. So, the given list forms an AP with 7 [a + (7 - 1) d] = 11 [a + (11 - 1) d ]
common difference, d = 4 . 7 (a + 6d) = 11 (a + 10d)
Thus (b) is correct option.
7a + 42d = 11a + 110d
QUESTION 39.
4a + 68d = 0
39. If the nth term of an AP is 4n + 1, then the
common difference is 4 (a + 17d) = 0
(a) 3 (b) 4 a + 17d = 0 ...(1)
(c) 5 (d) 6 18th term of an AP,
Sol : a18 = a + (18 - 1) d = a + 17d
Given that the nth term of an AP is 4n + 1. But from equation (1) this is zero.
an = 4n + 1
QUESTION 42.
Substituting n = 1, 2, 3, ..... we have 42. What is the common difference of four terms in
a1 = 4 (1) + 1 = 5 AP such that the ratio of the product of the first
and fourth term to that of the second and third
a2 = 4 (2) + 1 = 9 term is 2 : 3 and the sum of all four terms is 20?
Common difference, (a) 3 (b) 1
d = a2 - a1 = 9 - 5 = 4 (c) 4 (d) 2
Thus (b) is correct option. Sol :(d) 2

QUESTION 40.
We take the four terms as a - 3x , a - x , a + x
40. If a, b, c, d, e, f are in AP, then e - c is equal to and a + 3x .
CH 9 : ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION

6 # 196 - 54d2 = 5 # 196 - 5d2 Sol :

^6 - 5h # 196 = 49d We have a = 3 , l = an = 96 and r = 2

2

nth term of a GP,

d2 = 196 = 4
49 an = arn - 1
d =! 2
96 = 3 (2) n - 1
Thus numbers are a - 3d = 14 - 3 # 2 = 8
32 = 2n - 1
a - d = 14 - 2 = 12
2 5 = 2n - 1
a + d = 14 + 2 = 16 Equating the power 2, we get
a + 3d = 14 + 3 # 2 = 20 5= n-1
Thus required AP is 8, 12, 16, 20. n=6
QUESTION 59. Main 2019 Hence, the number of terms in a GP is 6.
59. In an Arithmetic Progression (AP) the fourth and Now, sum of n terms of a GP is
sixth terms are 8 and 14 respectively. Find the a (rn - 1)
Sn = , r21
(i) first term. (r - 1)
(ii) common difference. 3 (26 - 1)
S6 =
(iii) sum of the first 20 terms. 2-1
3 # (64 - 1)
Sol : =
1
Let a and d be the first term and common
= 3 # 63
difference of an AP.
Then, a 4 = 8 and a6 = 14 = 189

Now an = a + (n - 1) d QUESTION 61. Main 2019

61. The sum of the first three terms of an Arithmetic
Thus 8 = a + (4 - 1) d (1) Progression (AP) is 42 and the product of the
and 14 = a + (6 - 1) d (2) first and third term is 52. Find the first term and
the common difference.
Simplifying above equation we have
Sol :
Thus 8 = a + 3d (3)
Let a and d be the first term and common
and 14 = a + 5d (4)
difference of an AP and first three terms of an
Solving Eqs. (3) and (4), we get AP are a, a + d and a + 2d.
a = - 1 and d = 3 Since sum of the first three terms of an Arithmetic
n Progression (AP) is 42, we have
Now Sn = 2 [2a + (n - 1) d]
a + (a + d) + (a + 2d) = 42
S20 = 20 [2 # (- 1) + (20 - 1) 3] 3a + 3d = 42
2
a + d = 14
= 10 [- 2 + 57]
Since product of the first and third term is 52,
= 10 # 55 we have
= 550 a # (a + 2d) = 52
(i) First term is - 1.
a # [a + 2 (14 - a)] = 52
(ii) Common difference is 3
(iii) Sum of first 20 terms is 550. a # (28 - a) = 52
QUESTION 60. Main 2019 28a - a2 = 52
60. The first and last term of a Geometric Progression a2 - 28a + 52 = 0
(GP) are 3 and 96 respectively. If the common
ratio is 2, then find a2 - 26a - 2a + 52 = 0
(i) n in the number of terms of the GP. a (a - 26) - 2 (a - 26) = 0
(ii) Sum of the n terms.
(a - 2) (a - 26) = 0
ICSE CHAPTERWISE PYQ CLASS 10 MATHS PAGE 197

Thus (a) is correct option. but reason (R) is not the correct explanation
QUESTION 47.
of assertion (A).
47. Assertion : Common difference of the AP - 5 , (c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
- 1 , 3, 7, .......... is 4. (d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Reason : Common difference of the AP Sol :
a, a + d, a + 2d, .......... is given by d = a2 - a1 Assertion, S10 = 10 [2 (- 0.5) + (10 - 1) (- 0.5)]
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true 2
and reason (R) is the correct explanation of = 5 [- 1 - 4.5]
assertion (A).
= 5 (- 5.5) = 27.5
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true
Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
but reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of assertion (A). Thus (d) is correct option.
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. QUESTION 50.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true. 50. Assertion : an - an - 1 is not independent of n then
Sol : the given sequence is an AP.
Reason : Common difference d = an - an - 1 is
Common difference, d = - 1 - ^- 5h = 4 constant or independent of n .
So, both A and R are correct and R explains A. (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true
Thus (c) is correct option. and reason (R) is the correct explanation of
assertion (A).
QUESTION 48.
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true
48. Assertion : If sum of the first n terms of an AP but reason (R) is not the correct explanation
is given by Sn = 3n2 - 4n. Then its n th term is of assertion (A).
a n = 6n - 7 . (c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
Reason : n th term of an AP, whose sum to n (d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
terms is Sn , is given by an = Sn - Sn - 1
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true Sol :
and reason (R) is the correct explanation of Common difference of an AP d = an - an - 1 is
assertion (A). independent of n or constant.
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true So, A is correct but R is incorrect.
but reason (R) is not the correct explanation Thus (d) is correct option.
of assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Sol :
n th term of an AP,
THREE MARKS QUESTIONS
a n = Sn - Sn - 1 QUESTION 51. Main 2023
51. The 5th term and the 9th term of an Arithmetic
= 3n2 - 4n - 3 ^n - 1h2 + 4 ^n - 1h
Progression are 4 and -12 respectively. Find:
= 6n - 7 (a) the first term
So, both A and R are correct and R explains A. (b) common difference
Thus (a) is correct option. (c) sum of 16 terms of the AP.
QUESTION 49. Sol :
49. Assertion : Sum of first 10 terms of the arithmetic
We have a5 = 4 and a9 = -12
progression - 0.5 , - 1.0, - 1.5 , .......... is 31.
Reason : Sum of n terms of an AP is given as Now an = a + (n - 1) d
Sn = n2 [2a + (n - 1) d ] where a is first term and a5 = a + 4d = 4 ...(1)
d common difference.
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and a 9 = a + 8d = -12 ...(2)
and reason (R) is the correct explanation of Salving equations (1) and (2), we get
assertion (A). d = - 4 and a = 20
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true (a) First term of the A.P. is 20.
CH 9 : ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION

140 = 2x - 60 Sol :[Board Term-2 2012]

x = 140 + 60 = 100 Let the first term be a , common difference be d ,

2 n th term be an and sum of n term be Sn
Thus prizes are Rs. 100, Rs. 80, Rs. 60, Rs. 40.
Here a = 20, d = 15 and Sn = 3250
Sn = n 82a + ^n - 1h dB
QUESTION 67.
Now
67. In a garden bed, there are 23 rose plants in the 2
first row, 21 are in the 2nd , 19 in 3rd row and so n
3250 = 62a + ^n - 1h # 15@
on. There are 5 plants in the last row. How many 2
rows are there of rose plants> also find the total 3250 # 2 = n 640 + 15n - 15@
number of roes plants in the garden. 6500 = n 625 + 15n@
Sol :[Board Term-2 2012] 1300 = n 65 + 3n@
The number of rose plants in the 1st, 2nd , ..... are 2
3n + 65n - 60n - 1300 = 0
23, 21, 19, ......., 5.
Let the first term be a , common difference be d , n ^3n + 65h - 20 ^3n + 65h = 0
n th term be an and sum of n term be Sn ^n - 20h^3n + 65h = 0
Here a = 23, d = - 2, an = 5
Since n = - 65/3, is not possible, n = 20
an = a + ^n - 1h d
Man will repay loan in 20 months.
5 = 23 + ^n - 1h^- 2h
n = 10
Total number of roes plants in the flower bed,
FOUR MARK QUESTIONS
Sn = n 82a + ^n - 1h dB QUESTION 70. Main 2018
2
70. The 4th term of an AP, is 22 and 15th term is 66.
S10 = 5 ^46 - 18h = 140 Find the first term and the common difference.
QUESTION 68.
Hence find the sum of series to 8 terms.
68. A sum of Rs. 1890 is to be used to given seven Sol : 2018
cash prizes to students of a school for their overall Let a and d be the first term and common
academic performance. If each prize is Rs. 50 less difference of an AP.
than its preceding prize, find the value of each of
the prizes. Then, a 4 = 22 and a15 = 66

Sol :[Board Term-2 2012] Now an = a + (n - 1) d

Let first prize be Rs. x , then series of prize is 22 = a + (4 - 1) d (1)

x, x - 50, x - 100, x - 150, ...... and 66 = a + (15 - 1) d (2)
Here series is AP and a = x, d = - 50, n = 7 and
Simplifying above equation we have
Sn = 1890 .
22 = a + 3d (3)
Sn = n 82a + ^n - 1h dB
2
and 66 = a + 14d (4)
1890 = 7 62x + ^- 50h # 6@ Subtracting eq (3) from eq (4), we get
2
44 = 11d
270 = x + (- 50) # 3 = x - 150
d = 44 = 4
x = 270 + 150 = 420 11
Substituting d = 4 in eq (3) we have
The prizes are Rs. 420, Rs. 370, Rs. 320, Rs. 270, 22 = a + 3 # 4
Rs. 220, Rs. 170, Rs. 120.
22 = a + 12
QUESTION 69.
69. A man repays a loan of Rs. 3250 by paying Rs. 20 a = 22 - 12 = 10
in the first month and then increases the payment Now Sn = n [2a + (n - 1) d]
by Rs. 15 every month. How long will it take him 2
to clear the loan? S8 = 8 [2 # 10 + (8 - 1) # 4]
2
ICSE CHAPTERWISE PYQ CLASS 10 MATHS PAGE 199

6th term a6 = 40 Substitution 3a = 5d in above equation we have

6-1
ar = 40 75 = 2 # 5d + 15d
5
ar = 40 .....(2) = 10d + 15d
Last term an = 640 = 25d
d = 75 = 3
n-1
ar = 640 .....(3)
25
Dividing Eq. (2) by Eq. (1), we get
ar5 = 40 Thus first term is 5 and common difference is 3.
ar3 10 QUESTION 57. Comp 2020
2
r =4 57. In an AP of 50 terms, the sum of the first 10
terms is 210 and the sum of its last 15 terms is
r =2 [common ratio is positive] 2565. Find the AP.
Now, from Eq. (1),
Sol :[Board Term-2 Foreign 2017]
a(2)3 = 10
Let the first term be a , common difference be d ,
a = 10 = 5 n th term be an and sum of n term be Sn .
8 4
Submitting value of a and r in Eq (3), we get S10 = 210
5 Sn = n 82a + ^n - 1h dB
b 4 l (2)
n-1
= 640 2
10
210 = ^2a + 9d h
2n - 1 = 640 # 4 2
5
42 = 2a + 9d (1)
= 512
Now a36 = a + 35d
2n - 1 = 2 9
a50 = a + 49d
n-1= 9 Sum of last 15 terms,
n = 10 S36 - 50 = n (a36 + a50)
2
Thus first terms is 54 , common ration is 2 and 15
2565 = ^a + 35d + a + 49d h
number of term of the series is 10. 2
1
171 = ^2a + 84d h
QUESTION 56. Main 2020 2
56. If the 6th term of an A.P. is equal to four times its 171 = a + 42d (2)
first term and the sum of first six terms is 75, find
the first term and the common difference. Solving (1) and (2) we get a = 3 and d = 4

Sol : Hence, AP is 3, 7, 11, .....

Let a be the first term and d be the common QUESTION 58. Comp 2020
difference of the A.P. 58. Divide 56 in four parts in AP such that the ratio
Since 6th term of the A.P. is equal to four times of the product of their extremes (1st and 4rd ) to
its first term, thus the product of means (2nd and 3rd ) is 5: 6.
a6 = 4a1 Sol :[Board Term-2 Foreign 2016]
a + (6 - 1) d = 4a Let the four numbers be a - 3d, a - d, a + d, a + 3d
3a = 5d .....(1) Now a - 3d + a - d + a + d + a + 3d = 56
Since sum of first six terms is 75, 4a = 56 & a = 14
n Hence numbers are 14 - 3d, 14 - d, 14 + d, 14 + 3d
Sn = 2 [2a + (n - 1) d]
Now, according to question, we have
75 = 6 [2a + (6 - 1) d] ^14 - 3d h^14 + 3d h 5
2 =
^14 - d h^14 + d h 2 6
75 = 3 [2a + 5d] 196 - 9d = 5
196 - d2 6
75 = 6a + 15d (2)
6 ^196 - 9d2h = 5 ^196 - d2h
CH 9 : ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION

(b) Common difference of the A.P. is -4 a + 6d = 3 # 7 + 2 = 23 (2)

(c) We know that, Solving (1) and (2) we have
n
Now Sn = 2 [2a + (n - 1) d] 4d = 16 & d = 4
16 a + 8 = 7 & a =- 1
S16 = 2 [2 # 20 + (16 - 5) # (- 4)]
a20 = a + 19d = - 1 + 19 # 4 = 75
= 8 [40 - 44]
an = a + ^n - 1h d
= 8 # (- 4)
= - 1 + 4n - 4 = 4n - 5.
= - 32 th
Hence n term is 4n - 5 .
(a) First term of the A.P. is 20.
(b) Common difference of the A.P. is -4 QUESTION 54. Comp 2023
(c) The sum of 16 terms of the A.P. is -32. 54. The sum of the first 7 terms of an AP is 63 and
that of its next 7 terms is 161. Find the AP.
QUESTION 52. Main 2023
52. Which term of the Arithmetic Progression (A.P.) Sol :[Board 2020 Delhi Standard]
15, 30, 45, 60... is 300? Hence find the sum of all
We have S7 = 63
the terms of the Arithmetic Progression (A.P.)
Now Sn = n [2a + (n - 1) d]
Sol : 2
7
63 = [2a + 6d]
Given, A.P. is 15, 30, 45, 60, ..... 2
Here, a =15, 9 = a + 3d ...(1)
d = 30 - 15 = 15 Now, sum of next 7 terms,
Let 300 be nth term of this A.P. S8 - 14 = 161
Then, an = 300 S8 - 14 = 7 (a8 + a14)
2
a + (n - 1) d = 300 7
161 = (a + 7d + a + 13d)
2
15 + (n - 1) 15 = 300 7
161 = (2a + 20d)
2
15n = 300
23 = a + 10d ...(2)
n = 20
Subtracting equation (1) from (2) we have
Hence, the required number of term in the A.P.
is 20. 14 = 7d & d = 2
n Substituting the value of d in (1), we get
Now, Sn = 2 (a + an)
a=3
20 Hence, the AP is 3, 5, 7, 9, ....
S 20 = 2 (15 + 300)
QUESTION 55. Main 2020
= 10 × 315 55. The 4th, 6th and the last term of a geometric
= 3150 progression are 10, 40 and 640, respectively. If
Hence, sum of all the terms of A.P. is 3150. the common ratio is positive, find the first term,
common ratio and the number of terms of the
QUESTION 53. Comp 2023 series.
53. Find the 20th term of an AP whose 3rd term is 7
and the seventh term exceeds three times the 3rd Sol :
term by 2. Also find its nth term ^an h . Let a and r the first term and common ratio of
Sol :[Board Term-2 2012] GP respectively and n be total number of terms.
According to the question,
Let the first term be a , common difference be d
4th term a 4 = 10
and n th term be an .
4-1
We have a 3 = a + 2d = 7 (1) ar = 10
3
a7 = 3a3 + 2 ar = 10 .....(1)
ICSE CHAPTERWISE PYQ CLASS 10 MATHS PAGE 201

a = 2 , a = 26 So, AP is 5, 7, 9, 11, ...

When a = 2 , then d = 14 - a QUESTION 64. Main 2018

= 14 - 2 = 12 64. If (k - 3), (2k + 1) and (4k + 3) are three

consecutive terms of an AP, find the value of k .
When a = 26 then d = 14 - 26
Sol : 2018
= - 12
Let a1 = k - 3 , a2 = 2k + 1 and a3 = 4k + 3 are
QUESTION 62. Comp 2019 consecutive terms of an AP, then
62. The sum of first 7 terms of an AP is 63 and sum
a2 - a1 = a3 - a2
of its next 7 terms is 161. Find 28th term of AP.
(2k + 1) - (k - 3) = (4k + 3) - (2k + 1)
Sol :[Board Term-2 Foreign 2014]
2k + 1 - k + 3 = 4k + 3 - 2k - 1
Let the first term be a , common difference be d ,
n th term be an and sum of n term be Sn . k + 1 = 2k + 2 & k = 2
Sn = n 82a + ^n - 1h dB QUESTION 65. Comp 2018
2
65. If the sum of first m terms of an AP is same as
Now, S7 = 63
the sum of its first n terms ^m = Y n h, show that
7 2a + 6d = 63
26 @ the sum of its first ^m + n h terms is zero.

2a + 6d = 18 ...(1) Sol :[Board Term-2 2012]

Also, sum of next 7 terms, Let the first term be a , common difference be d ,
S14 = S first7 + Snext7 = 63 + 161 n th term be an , and sum of n term be Sn
14 2a + 13d = 224 Now Sm = Sn
26 @ m 2a + m - 1 d = n 2a + n - 1 d
28 ^ h B 28 ^ h B
2a + 13d = 32 (2)
Subtracting equation (1) form (2) we get 2ma + m ^m - 1h d = 2na + n ^n - 1h d
7d = 14 & d = 2 2a ^m - n h + [^m2 - n2h - m + n] d = 0
Substituting the value of d in (1) we get
2a ^m - n h + [^m - n h^m + n h - ^m - n h] d = 0
a=3
^m - n h82a + ^m + n - 1h dB = 0
Now an = a + ^n - 1h d 2a + ^m + n - 1h d = 0 6m - n =Y 0@
a28 = 3 + 2 # ^27h
Sm + n = m + n 82a + ^m + n - 1h dB
2
= 57
Thus 28th term is 57. = m+n #0 = 0
2
QUESTION 63. Comp 2019
63. Determine an AP whose third term is 9 and when QUESTION 66.

fifth term is subtracted from 8th term, we get 6. 66. A sum of Rs. 280 is to be used towards four
prizes. If each prize after the first is Rs. 20 less
Sol :[Board Term-2 2015] than its preceding prize, find the value of each of
Let the first term be a , common difference be d the prizes.
and n th term be an . Sol :[Board Term-2 2012]
We have a3 = 9
Let first prize be Rs. x , then series of prize is
a + 2d = 9 ...(1) x, x - 20, x - 40, x - 60, .......
and a8 - a5 = 6 Here series is AP and a = x, d = - 20, n = 4 and
Sn = 280 .
^a + 7d h - ^a + 4d h = 6 Sn = n 82a + ^n - 1h dB
2
3d = 6 & d = 2
4
280 = 62x + 3 ^- 20h@
Substituting this value of d in (1), we get 2
a + 2 ^2 h = 9 & a = 5 280 = 2 62x - 60@
CH 9 : ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION

63 + ^n - 1h 2 = 3 + ^n - 1h 7 QUESTION 77.
77. The 14th term of an AP is twice its 8th term. If
63 + 2n - 2 = 3 + 7n - 7 the 6th term is - 8, then find the sum of its first
61 + 2n = 7n - 4 20 terms.
65 = 5n & n = 13 Sol :[Board Term-2 OD 2015]
th
When n is 13, the n terms are equal i.e., a13 = A13 Let the first term be a , common difference be d ,
n th term be an and sum of n term be Sn .
QUESTION 75. Here, a14 = 2a8 and a6 = - 8
75. The sum of first n terms of three arithmetic Now a + 13d = 2 ^a + 7d h
progressions are S1, S2 and S3 respectively.
The first term of each AP is 1 and common a + 13d = 2a + 14d
differences are 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Prove that a =- d ...(1)
S1 + S3 = 2S2 .
and a6 = - 8
Sol :[Board Term-2 OD 2016]
a + 5d = - 8 ...(2)
Let the first term be a , common difference be d , Solving (1) and (2), we get
n th term be an and sum of n term be Sn .
a = 2, d = - 2
We have S1 = 1 + 2 + 3 + ..... n
Now S20 = 20 62 # 2 + ^20 - 1h^- 2h@
S2 = 1 + 3 + 5 + ..... up to n terms 2
= 10 64 + 19 # ^- 2h@
S3 = 1 + 4 + 7 + ..... upto n terms
n ^n + 1h = 10 ^4 - 38h
Now Sn =
2
= 10 # ^- 34h = - 340
S2 = 62 + ^n - 1h 2@ = n 62n@ = n2
n
2 2
n n ^3n - 1h QUESTION 78.
and S3 = 62 + ^n - 1h 3@ = 78. The digit of a positive number of three digits are
2 2
n ^n + 1h n ^3n - 1h in AP and their sum is 15. The number obtained
Now, S1 + S3 = + by reversing the digits is 594 less then the original
2 2
n 6n + 1 + 3n - 1@ n 64n@ number. Find the number.
= =
2 2 Sol :[Board Term-2 OD 2016]
= 2n2 = 2s2 Hence Proved Let these digit of 3 digit number be a - d, a, a + d
Since their sum is 15,
QUESTION 76.
76. If Sn denotes, the sum of the first n terms of an a - d + a + a + d = 15
AP prove that S12 = 3 ^S8 - S 4h . 3a = 15 & a = 5
Sol :[Board Term-2 Delhi 2015] Required 3 digit number = 100 ^a - d h + 10a + a + d
Let the first term be a , common difference be d , = 100a - 100d + 10a + a + d
n th term be an and sum of n term be Sn .
= 111a - 99d
Sn = n 82a + ^n - 1h dB Number obtained by reversing digit,
2
= 100 ^a + d h + 10a + a - d
S12 = 6 62a + 11d @
= 100a + 100d + 10a + a - d
= 12a + 66d
= 111a + 99d
S8 = 4 62a + 7d @ = 8a + 28d
According the question, we have
S 4 = 2 62a + 3d @ = 4a + 6d
111a + 99d = 111a - 99d - 594
3 ^S8 - S 4h = 3 8^8a + 28d h - ^4a + 6d hB
2 # 99d = - 594 & d = - 3
= 3 64a + 22d @ = 12a + 66d Thus number is
= 6 62a + 11d @ = S12 Hence Proved 111a - 99d = 111 # 5 - 99 # - 3
= 555 + 297 = 852
ICSE CHAPTERWISE PYQ CLASS 10 MATHS PAGE 203

= 4 [20 + 28] a + 8d = 7 ^a + d h
= 4 # 48 a + 8d = 7a + 7d
= 192 - 6a + d = 0 (1)
QUESTION 71. Comp 2018 and a12 = 5a3 + 2
71. The sum of the 3rd and 7th terms of an AP is 6 a + 11d = 5 ^a + 2d h + 2
and their product is 8. Find the sum of first 20
terms of the AP. a + 11d = 5a + 10d + 2

Sol :[Board Term-2 2012] - 4a + d = 2 ...(2)

Subtracting (2) from (1), we get
Let the first term be a , common difference be d ,
n th term be an and sum of n term be Sn - 2a = - 2 & a = 1
We have a 3 + a7 = 6 Substituting this value of a in equation (1) we get
-6 + d = 0 & d = 6
a + 2d + a + 6d = 6
Hence first term is 1 and common difference is 6.
a + 4d = 3 (1)
and a 3 # a7 = 8
QUESTION 73.
^a + 2d h^a + 6d h = 8 (2) 73. The sum of n terms of an AP is 3n2 + 5n. Find
Substituting the value a = ^3 - 4d h in (2) we get the AP. Hence find its 15th term.

^3 - 4d + 2d h^3 - 4d + 6d h =8 Sol :[Board Term-2 2013, 2012]

^3 + 2d h^3 - 2d h = 8 Let the first term be a , common difference be d ,

n th term be an and sum of n term be Sn
9 - 4d2 = 8
Now Sn = 3n2 + 5n
4d = 1 & d = 1 & d = ! 1
2 2
4 2 Sn - 1 = 3 ^n - 1h2 + 5 ^n - 1h
1
CASE 1 : Substituting d = in equation (1),
2 = 3 ^n2 + 1 - 2n h + 5n - 5
a = 1.
= 3n2 + 3 - 6n + 5n - 5
S20 = n 82a + ^n - 1h dB
2 = 3n2 - n - 2
= :2 + 19 D = 115
20
a n = Sn - Sn - 1
2 2
1
Thus d = , a = 1 and S20 = 115 = 3n2 + 5n - ^3n2 - n - 2h
2
CASE 2 : Substituting d = - 1 in equation (1) = 6n + 2
2 Thus AP is 8, 14, 20, .......
a=5
Now a15 = a + 14d = 8 + 14 ^6 h = 92
S20 = 20 ;2 # 5 + 19 # b- 1 lE
2 2 QUESTION 74.
19
= 10 :10 - D = 15
2 74. For what value of n, are the nth terms of two APs
1 63, 65, 67, ... and 3, 10, 17, .... equal?
Thus d = - , a = 5 and S20 = 15
2 Sol :[Board Term-2 OD 2016]
QUESTION 72.
Let a, d and A, D be the 1st term and common
72. The ninth term of an AP is equal to seven times
difference of the 2 APs respectively.
the second term and twelfth term exceeds five
n is same
times the third term by 2. Find the first term and
the common difference. For 1st AP, a = 63 , d = 2
Sol :[Board 2008, 2010] For 2nd AP, A = 3, D = 7
Let the first term be a , common difference be d Since n th term is same,
and n th term be an . an = An
Now a9 = 7a2 a + ^n - 1h d = A + ^n - 1h D
CH 9 : ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION
QUESTION 19.
We have a = - 5 and d = 2
19. What is the common difference of an AP in which n
a18 - a14 = 32 ? Sn = {2a + (n - 1) d}
2
(a) 8 (b) - 8 6
S6 = [2a + (6 - 1) d]
(c) - 4 (d) 4 2
Sol : = 3 [2 (- 5) + 5 (2)]
= 3 (- 10 + 10) = 0
We have a18 - a14 = 32
Thus (a) is correct option.
In an AP, an = a + (n - 1) d
QUESTION 23.
a + (18 - 1) d - [a + (14 - 1) d] = 32 23. The sum of first 16 terms of the AP 10, 6, 2, ..... is
a + 17d - a - 13d = 32 (a) - 320 (b) 320
(c) - 352 (d) - 400
4d = 32 & d = 8
Hence, the required common difference of the Sol :
given AP is 8. Given, AP, is 10, 6, 2 .....
Thus (a) is correct option.
We have a = 10 and d = (6 - 10) = - 4
QUESTION 20.
Sn = n {2a + (n - 1) d}
20. The 4th term from the end of an AP - 11, - 8 , 2
- 5 , ....., 49 is 16
S16 = [2a + (16 - 1) d]
2
(a) 37 (b) 40
(c) 43 (d) 58 = 8 [2 # 10 + 15 (- 4)]

Sol : = 8 (20 - 60)

Common difference, = 8 (- 40) = - 320

d = - 8 - (- 11) Thus (a) is correct option.
= - 8 + 11 = 3 QUESTION 24.

Last term, l = 49 24. In an AP, if a = 1, an = 20 and Sn = 399 , then n

is equal to
n th term of an AP from the end is (a) 19 (b) 21
an = l - (n - 1) d (c) 38 (d) 42
, a 4 = 49 - (4 - 1) # 3 Sol :(c) 38
= 49 - 9 = 40 We have a = 1, an = 20 and Sn = 399
QUESTION 21. Now, Sn = n (a + an)
2
21. The famous mathematician associated with n
finding the sum of the first 100 natural numbers is 399 = (1 + 20)
2
(a) Pythagoras (b) Newton n= 399 # 2 = 38 .
(c) Gauss (d) Euclid 21
QUESTION 25.
Sol :
25. The sum of first five multiples of 3 is
Gauss is the famous mathematician associated (a) 45 (b) 55
with finding the sum of the first 100 natural (c) 65 (d) 75
numbers, i.e., 1, 2, 3, ....., 100 = 5050.
Sol :
Thus (c) is correct option.
The first five multiples of 3 are 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15.
QUESTION 22.
Here, first term, a = 3 , d = 6 - 3 = 3 and n = 5
22. If the first term of an AP is - 5 and the common
difference is 2, then the sum of the first 6 terms is Sn = n {2a + (n - 1)} d
2
(a) 0 (b) 5
(c) 6 (d) 15 S5 = 5 [2a + (5 - 1) d]
2
Sol :
ICSE CHAPTERWISE PYQ CLASS 10 MATHS PAGE 205
QUESTION 79. Sol :[Board Term-2 Foreign 2015]
79. The minimum age of children to be eligible to Let the first term be a , common difference be d ,
participate in a painting competition is 8 years. n th term be an and sum of n term be Sn .
It is observed that the age of youngest boy was The three digit numbers which leaves 3 as remainder
8 years and the ages of rest of participants are when divided by 4 are: 103, 107, 111, ..... 999.
having a common difference of 4 months. If the Now, the first number a = 103 , last number
sum of ages of all the participants is 168 years, an = 999 and common difference d = 4
find the age of eldest participant in the painting Let the number of terms in this sequence be n.
competition.
an = a + ^n - 1h d
Sol :[Board Term-2 SQP 2016]
999 = 103 + ^n - 1h 4
Let the first term be a , common difference be d ,
n th term be an and sum of n term be Sn . 896 = ^n - 1h 4
896
We have a = 8, d = 4 month = 13 years, Sn = 168 ^n - 1h = 4 = 224
Sn = n 82a + ^n - 1h dB
2 n = 224 + 1 = 225
n
168 = :2 ^8h + ^n - 1h 1 D
2 3 Middle term = 225 + 1
2
n2 + 47n - 1008 = 0 = 113th term
n2 + 63n - 16n - 1008 = 0 a113 = 103 + 112 # 4 = 551
^n - 16h^n + 63h = 0 and a112 = 551 - 4 = 547
Thus n = 16 or n = - 63 Sum of first 112 terms,
As n cannot be negative, we take n = 16 S112 = 112 (a + a112)
2
Age of the eldest participant = a + 15d = 13 years = 56 (103 + 547)
QUESTION 80. = 56 # 650 = 36400
80. A thief runs with a uniform speed of 100 m/ and a114 = 551 + 4 = 555
minute. After one minute a policeman runs after
The sum of last 112 terms,
the thief to catch him. He goes with a speed of
100/minute in the first minute and increased his S114 - 225 = 112 ^a114 + a225h
2
speed by 10 m/minute every succeeding minute.
= 56 (555 + 999)
After how many minutes the policeman will catch
the thief. = 56 # 1554 = 87024
Sol :[Board Term-2 OD 2016] QUESTION 82.

Let total time to catch the thief be n minutes 82. Find the middle term of the sequence formed
Total distance covered by thief will be 100n all numbers between 9 and 95, which leave a
Total distance covered by policeman, remainder 1 when divided by 3. Also find the sum
of the numbers on both sides of the middle term
= 100 + 110 + 120 + .... + ^n - 1h terms separately.
100n = n - 1 6200 + ^n - 2h 10@
2 Sol :[Board Term-2 Foreign 2015]
2
n - 3n - 18 = 0 The sequence is 10, 13, .... 94
Let the first term be a , common difference be d ,
^n - 6h^n + 3h = 0
n th term be an and sum of n term be Sn .
n=6 Here a = 10, d = 3, Sn = 94
Policeman takes 5 minutes to catch the thief. 94 = 10 + ^n - 1h 3
QUESTION 81.
84 = ^n - 1h 3
81. Find the middle term of the sequence formed by
all three-digit numbers which leave a remainder n = 84 + 1 = 29
3
3, when divided by 4. Also find the sum of all
Therefore 29 + 1 = 15th term is the middle term.
numbers on both sides of the middle terms 2
separately. Middle term a15 = a + (15 - 1) d
CH 9 : ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION

= 10 + 14 # 3 = 52 Sol :[Board 2020 OD Standard]

a14 = 52 - 3 = 49 Let 1st term of series be a and common difference

be d , then we have
a16 = 52 + 3 = 55
Sum of first 14 terms, Sm = n

s14 = 14 ^a + a14h and Sn = m

2
m [2a + (m - 1) d] = n ...(1)
14
= 610 + 49@ = 413 2
2
n [2a + (n - 1) d] = m ...(2)
n
Sn = 82a + ^n - 1h dB 2
2
Subtracting we have
Sum of the last 14 terms,
a (m - n) + d [m (m - 1) - n (n - 1)] = n - m
s16 - 29 = 14 ^a16 + a29h 2
2
2a (m - n) + d [m2 - n2 - (m - n)] = 2 (n - m)
14
= 655 + 94@
2 2a (m - n) + d (m - n) [(m + n) - 1] = 2 (n - m)
= 7 # 149 = 1043 2a + d [(m + n) - 1] = - 2
QUESTION 83. Now, Sm + n = m + n [2a + (m + n - 1) d]
83. Show that the sum of all terms of an AP whose 2
= m + n (- 2)
first term is a , the second term is b and last term 2
(a + c) (b + c - 2a) = - (m + n)
is c , is equal to
2 (b - a)
Sol :[Board 2020 OD Standard] QUESTION 85.
85. The 17 th term of an AP is 5 more than twice its
Given, first term, A=a 8 th term. If 11 th term of AP is 43, then find its
and second term A2 = b nth term.

Common difference, D = b-a Sol :[Board 2020 OD Basic]

Last term, An = c Let a be the first term and d be the common

difference.
A + (n - 1) d = c nth term of an AP,
a + (n - 1) (b - a) = c an = a + (n - 1) d
th
(b - a) (n - 1) = c - a Since 17 term of an AP is 5 more than twice of
its 8 th term, thus
n-1=c-a
b-a a + (17 - 1) d = 5 + 2 [a + (8 - 1) d]
n =c-a +1 a + 16d = 5 + 2 (a + 7d)
b-a
a + 16d = 5 + 2a + 14d
=c-a+b-a
b-a
2d - a = 5 ...(1)
n = b + c - 2a Since 11 th
term of AP is 43,
b-a
a + (11 - 1) d = 43
Now sum of all terms
a + 10d = 43 ...(2)
S n = n [A + A n ] Solving equation (1) and (2), we have
2
(b + c - 2a) a = 3 and d = 4
= [a + c] th
Hence, n term would be
2 (b - a)
(a + c) (b + c - 2a) an = 3 + (n - 1) 4 = 4n - 1
= Hence Proved
2 (b - a)
QUESTION 86.
QUESTION 84. 86. How many terms of the AP 24, 21, 18, .... must
84. If in an AP, the sum of first m terms is n and the be taken so that their sum is 78?
sum of its first n terms is m , then prove that the Sol :[Board 2020 Delhi Basic]
sum of its first (m + n) terms is - (m + n).
Given : 24, 21, 18, .......... are in AP.
ICSE CHAPTERWISE PYQ CLASS 10 MATHS PAGE 207

Here, a = 24 , d = 21 - 24 = - 3
Sum of the series = 860 - 440 = 420
Sum of n term, Sn = n [2a + (n - 1) d]
2 QUESTION 88.

78 = n [2 # 24 + (n - 1) (- 3)] 88. The ratio of the sums of first m and first n terms
2 of an AP is m2: n2 . Show that the ratio of its mth
156 = n (48 - 3n + 3) and nth terms is ^2m - 1h: ^2n - 1h .

156 = n (51 - 3n) Sol :[Board Term-2 Delhi 2017]

3n2 - 51n + 156 = 0 Let the first term be a , common difference be d ,

n th term be an and sum of n term be Sn
n2 - 17n + 52 = 0 Sm = m 2
Sn n2
2 82a + ^m - 1h d B
n2 - 13n - 4n + 52 = 0 m
2
m
= 2
(n - 4) (n - 13) = 0 & n = 4, 13 2 82a + ^n - 1h d B
n
n
2a + ^m - 1h d 2
When n = 4 , S 4 = 4 [2 # 24 + (4 - 1) (- 3)] = m2 # n = m
2 2a + ^n - 1h d n m n
= 2 (48 - 9) m `2a + ^n - 1h d j = n 82a + ^m - 1h dB
= 2 # 39 = 78 2ma + mnd - md = 2na + nmd - nd
When n = 13 , 2ma - 2na = md - nd
S13 = 13 [2 # 24 + (13 - 1) (- 3)] d = 2a
am = a + ^m - 1h d
2
Now,
= 13 [48 + (- 36)] = 78
an a + ^n - 1h d
2 a + ^m - 1h # 2a
=
Hence, the number of terms n = 4 or n = 13 . a + ^n - 1h # 2a
= + 2ma - 2a
a
QUESTION 87. a + 2na - 2a
a ^2m - 1h
87. Find the sum of the following series. = ma - a =
2
5 + ^- 41h + 9 + ^- 39h + 13 + ^- 37h + 17 + .... + 2na - a a ^2n - 1h
^- 5h + 81 + ^- 3h = 2m - 1: 2n - 1
Sol :[Board Term-2 Foreign 2017] QUESTION 89.
The given series can be written as sum of two 89. The houses in a row are numbered consecutively
series from 1 to 49. Show that there exists a value of X
^5 + 9 + 13 + .... + 81h + such that sum of numbers of houses proceeding
+ ^- 41h + ^- 39h + ^- 37h + ^- 35h the house numbered X is equal to sum of the
... ^- 5h + ^- 3h numbers of houses following X .
For the series ^5 + 9 + 13 .....81h Sol :[Board Term-2 OD 2014]
a = 5 , d = 4 and an = 81
The houses are numbered consecutively from 1
Now an = a + ^n - 1h d to 49 i.e. 1, 2, 3 ......... x - 1, x , x + 1, ......... 49.
81 = 5 + ^n - 1h 4 Sum of numbers of houses proceeding X number
house,
81 = 5 + ^n - 1h 4
= sum of no. following X
^n - 1h 4 = 76 & n = 20 x - 1 61 + ^x - 1h@ = 1 + ...49 - ^1 + 2 + .....x h
8^ h B
Sn = 20 ^5 + 81h = 860 2
2
x - 1 61 + x - 1@ = 49
For series 2 < 2 # ^1 + 49h - <x2 ^1 + x hFF
^- 41h + ^- 39h + ^- 37h + ... + ^- 5h + ^- 3h ^x - 1h x
= 49 # 50 - x ^x + 1h
an = - 3 , a = - 41 and d = 2 2 2 2
an = - 41 + ^n - 1h^2 h x ^x - 1h
+ ^x + 1h x = 49 # 25
2 2
- 3 = - 41 + 2n - 2 & n = 20
x2 - x + x2 + x = 49 25
Sn = 20 6- 41 + - 3@ = - 440 2 #
Now
2
CH 9 : ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION

2x2 = 49 25
2 #

x2 x2 = 7 # 7 # 5 # 5
x = 7 # 5 = 35
QUESTION 90.
90. How many terms of the Arithmetic Progression
45, 39, 33, ... must be taken so that their sum is
180? Explain the double answer.
Sol :[Board 2019 OD]
Given AP is 45, 39, 33, ...
Here, a = 45 , d = 39 - 45 = - 6 and Sn = 180
Now Sn = n 62a + ^n - 1h d @
2
180 = 62 # 45 + ^n - 1h^- 6h@
n
2
360 = n ^90 - 6n + 6h
360 = n ^96 - 6n h
60 = n ^16 - n h
n2 - 16n + 60 = 0
n2 - 6n - 10n + 60 = 0
n ^n - 6h - 10 ^n - 6h = 0
^n - 10h^n - 6h = 0
n = 10 or n = 6
Hence, 10 terms or 6 terms can be taken to get
the sum of AP as 180.
Now, sum of 6 terms,
S6 = 6 62 # 45 + ^6 - 1h^- 6h@
2
= 3 ^90 - 30h
= 3 # 60 = 180 Hence, verified.
and sum of 10 terms,
S10 = 10 62 # 45 + ^10 - 1h^- 6h@
2
= 5 ^90 - 54h
= 5 # 36 = 180 Hence, verified.
Here we have two values of n because d is
negative. There will be negative terms after some
positive terms. Thus first 6 term will give sum
180 and after 10 term it will be again 180 because
negative term cancel positive term.
Series will be : 45, 39, 33, 27, 21, 15, 9, 3, - 3
, - 9 ...
Here it may be easily seen that sum of initial 6
terms is 180. Sum of next 4 terms is zero. Thus
sum of 10 terms is also 180.

END