Choose the correct answer:
1. Regarding PPE all the following statements are correct EXCEPT:
a) Sterile gloves are used during surgery
b) N95 masks can prevent airborne infections
c) Overshoes should be worn before entering operating rooms
d) Non-sterile gloves are disposable
e) PPE are used to protect patients from acquiring infections
2. Heavy duty gloves are used:
a) During surgery
b) When giving an intravenous injection
c) During handling infectious waste
d) During changing wound dressing
e) When handling laboratory specimens
3. During a surgical operation, a surgeon should put on:
a) Surgical gown
b) Mask
c) Sterile gloves
d) Overhead
e) All of the above
4. The transient flora:
a) When disturbed reestablishes itself
b) Occupies the deep layers of the skin
c) Cannot be removed by routine hand hygiene
d) May be responsible for transmission of infections
e) They are not affected by alcohol
5. Antiseptic hand hygiene:
a) Involves the use of plain soap and water
b) Is effective when applied to soiled hands
c) Is not effective against the resident flora
d) Should be followed by routine hand wash
e) Is performed using alcohol
6. The decolorizing agent in Gram's stain is:
a) 20% H2SO4
b) 3% HCI
c) 95% ethyl alcohol
d) 5% H2SO4
e) Iodine
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7. The primary stain in Ziehl-Neelsen stain is:
a) Dil. carbol fuchsin
b) Methyl violet
c) Methylene blue
d) Strong carbol fuchsin
e) Ethyl alcohol
8. Regarding Gram negative bacteria, all the following statements are correct except:
a) They are not decolorized with alcohol
b) They are decolorized with alcohol
c) They take the counter stain (dil. carbol fuchsin)
d) They appear pink in colour
e) They do not need heat to be stained
9. Regarding Gram positive bacteria, all the following statements are correct except:
a) They retain the primary stain (methyl violet)
b) They are decolorized with alcohol
c) They are not decolorized with alcohol
d) They appear violet in colour
e) They do not need heat to be stained
10. Acid fast bacilli stained by Z-N stain appear:
a) Violet
b) Blue
c) Pink
d) Colorless
e) Brown
11. The steps of Gram's stain is as follows:
a) Methyl violet / ethyl alcohol / dil. carbol fuchsin / iodine
b) Methyl violet / ethyl alcohol / iodine / dil. carbol fuchsin
c) Dil. carbol fuchsin / methyl violet / ethyl alcohol / iodine
d) Dil. carbol fuchsin / iodine / methyl violet / ethyl alcohol
e) Methyl violet / iodine / alcohol / dil. carbol fuchsin
12. Blood culture technique is used to diagnose:
a) Sore throat
b) Conjunctivitis
c) Skin infection
d) Sinusitis
e) Bacteraemia
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13. All are correct about chocolate agar EXCEPT:
a) It is a selective medium
b) It contains heated blood
c) It is used to grow fastidious organisms
d) It is an enriched medium
e) It is brown in colour
14. One of the following is used to grow strict anaerobes:
a) Loffler's serum
b) MTM medium
c) Blood tellurite medium
d) Lowenstein-Jensen medium
e) Robertson's cooked meat medium
15. Blood agar medium is an indicator medium because:
a) It contains a pH indicator
b) It is not enriched
c) It contains agar for solidification
d) It differentiates between alpha, beta and non-hemolytic organisms
e) It is a selective medium
16. Mitis salivarius agar is a (an):
a) Simple medium
b) Enriched medium
c) Selective medium
d) Indicator medium
e) Selective & Indicator medium
17. In the coagulase test, coagulation of plasma occurs in positive cases:
a) True
b) False
18. Biochemical reactions must be done on a pure culture of the organism to be identified:
a) True
b) False
19. Catalase test is:
a) Negative if oxygen bubbles are released
b) Positive if a visible clot is formed
c) Done by adding a drop of H2O2
d) Done to test for the presence of urease enzyme
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20. Oxidase test is:
a) Done using catalase reagent
b) Positive when a deep purple color is produced
c) Positive after a few hours
d) Negative when a yellow color is produced
21. All the following statements concerning phage-typing are correct EXCEPT:
a) It may be used to trace the source of infection
b) It is done by the addition of different phages to the tested organism
c) It is one of the methods used to type bacteria
d) Areas of bacterial lysis denote the susceptibility to the phages
e) It may be used to differentiate between different species of bacteria
22. Formation of clear zones around antibiotic discs is due to:
a) Resistance of the bacterium
b) Short incubation period
c) The expiry of the antibiotic discs
d) Inhibition of bacterial growth around the discs
e) Low concentration of the antibiotic
23. In passive agglutination reaction, soluble antigens or antibodies are coated by:
a) Latex particles
b) White blood cells
c) Platelets
d) Carbon particles
e) None of the above
24. In Elek's test:
a) The antigen is mixed with the agar gel
b) Lines of precipitate will form in positive cases
c) The antibody is incorporated in the agar
d) A strip of filter paper is soaked with the antigen
e) Agglutination can be observed
25. If you mix bacteria with specific Abs, it will result in:
a) Cell lysis
b) Agglutination
c) Death of bacteria
d) Precipitation
e) Flocculation
26. Regarding the antibody titer:
a) It is the highest serum concentration showing positive reaction
b) It is the highest serum dilution showing positive reaction
c) It is the lowest serum dilution showing positive reaction
d) A rising titer denotes old infection
e) It is determined using serial dilutions of the Ag
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27. Regarding antigen-antibody reactions, all the following statements are correct EXCEPT:
a) The same Ab reacting with the same Ag under different conditions may give different observable results
b) It is not a specific reaction
c) Serological reactions can be performed qualitatively and quantitatively
d) A rising antibody titre of four fold indicates active infection
e) An unknown Ag can be identified by reacting with the known Ab
28. Regarding the API which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
a) It is a biochemical identification system
b) It consists of a plastic strip containing a series of small cupules
c) The interpretation of biochemical reactions is according to given charts
d) It is used for tracing the source of infection
e) A suspension of tested organism is dropped in cupules & incubated at 37ºC for 24-48 hours
29. Bacteriophage-typing is useful for:
a) Isolation of bacteria from mixed samples
b) Culture of different microorganisms
c) Tracing the source of infection in an outbreak
d) Amplify a particular region of target DNA
e) Biochemical identification of different microorganisms
30. Bacteria whose cell wall retains methyl violet after decolorization with alcohol are
classified as:
a) Acid fast bacteria
b) Gram positive bacteria
c) Gram negative bacteria
d) Mycobacterium
31. Bacteria whose cell wall retains carbol fuchsin after decolorization with sulfuric acid are
classified as:
a) Acid fast bacteria
b) Gram positive bacteria
c) Gram negative bacteria
d) Treponema pallidum
32. Indirect methods of diagnosis of infectious diseases include:
a) Microscopic examination of specimen
b) Use of DNA probes
c) Identification of bacterial antigens in specimen
d) Identification of specific bacterial gene sequence
e) Detection of antibodies in patient's serum
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33. The amplified DNA products may be detected by any of the following EXCEPT:
a) Gel electrophoresis
b) Disc diffusion method
c) Sequencer
d) Probes
34. Regarding the PCR technique, all the following are included in the reaction EXCEPT:
a) Two primers (forward & reverse)
b) Taq polymerase
c) Extracted N.A. (target)
d) Nucleotide pool
e) Antibiotic discs
35. Regarding gel electrophoresis:
a) It is a method of amplification of DNA
b) It is a method of testing electrical forces of microorganisms
c) Visualization of fragments is done by infra-red light
d) Smaller fragments migrate faster
e) DNA visualization does not need a dye
36. PCR may be used to diagnose viral infections by detecting:
a) Anti-viral IgM antibodies
b) Viral antigens
c) Rising titer of antiviral antibodies
d) Viral nucleic acid
e) Inclusion bodies
37. Lab. personnel should follow these precautions EXCEPT:
a) They should not wear sandals
b) They are not allowed to drink
c) They should put on goggles when expecting splashes
d) Blood spills should be removed by soap and water
e) Scalpels should be discarded in a sharps container
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ANSWERS OF
PRACTICAL QUESTIONS
1 c 2 c 3 e 4 d 5 e 6 c 7 d
8 a 9 b 10 c 11 e 12 e 13 a 14 e
15 d 16 e 17 a 18 a 19 c 20 b 21 e
22 d 23 a 24 b 25 b 26 b 27 b 28 d
29 c 30 b 31 a 32 e 33 b 34 e 35 d
36 d 37 d
End Of MicroBiology
Practical Questions
With My Best Wishes
Dr. Hesham Esmat