Modular Arithmetic AwesomeMath Summer Program 2025

Diophantine Equations - Part I Practice Problems

Last update: August 1, 2025

1. Solve in integers the equation

(x + 1)2 + (y + 1)2 + xy(x + y + 3) = 2.

Alessandro Ventullo - Problem E:14971, Gazeta Matematică 2/2016

2. Find all primes p such that the equation

x2 (y + z) + y 2 (z + x) + z 2 (x + y) + 3xyz = p2

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has positive integers solutions.

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Alessandro Ventullo - Problem E:14869, Gazeta Matematică 6-7-8/2015

3. Solve in natural numbers the equation

3x − y 3 = 1.

4. Solve in integers the equation

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Titu Andreescu, Romania Mathematical Olympiad - District Round 1982

x3 − y 3 − xy = 1.

Titu Andreescu and Alessandro Ventullo

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5. Solve in integers the equation p
xy − 7 x2 + y 2 = 1.

Titu Andreescu - Problem O235, Mathematical Reflections 4/2012

6. Solve in positive integers the equation

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(x2 − y 2 )2 − 6 min(x, y) = 2013.

Titu Andreescu - Problem J269, Mathematical Reflections 3/2013

7. Prove that the equation

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x3 + y 3 = 4(x2 y + xy 2 + 1)
has no integer solutions.

All Russian Mathematical Olympiad 1993

8. Find all non-negative integers x, y, z such that

2x + 3 · 11y = 7z .

Marius Mı̂inea - Romania Mathematical Olympiad 2019

9. Solve in integers the equation

x5 + x4 + 2x2 − 1 = y 2 .

Ion Cucurezeanu

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Modular Arithmetic AwesomeMath Summer Program 2025

10. Find all prime numbers p and q such that p + q = (p − q)3 .

All Russian Mathematical Olympiad 2001

11. Find all triples of positive integers (p, q, n), with p and q prime, such that

p(p + 1) + q(q + 1) = n(n + 1).

Austrian-Polish Mathematical Competition 1983

12. Find all pairs of positive integers (x, y) satisfying the equation

(x + y)2 − 2(xy)2 = 1.

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Poland Mathematical Olympiad - 1st Round 2002

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13. Prove that the equation x3 + y 4 = z 5 has infinitely many solutions in positive integers.

Leo Moser - Mathematics Magazine 1952

14. Show that the equation x2 + y 5 = z 3 has infinitely many solutions in integers x, y, z for which xyz ̸= 0.

eM Canada Mathematical Olympiad 1991

15. Let a, b, c ∈ N∗ such that gcd(a, b) = gcd(b, c) = gcd(c, a) = 1. Prove that the equation

xa + y b = z c

has infinitely many solutions in positive integers x, y, z.

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16. Solve in integers the equation
1 1 1
+ = .
x y z
17. Solve in integers the equation
1 1 1
+ + = 1.
x2 xy y 2
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Poland Mathematical Olympiad 1970

18. Determine all integers x and y that satisfy

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(x + 2)4 − x4 = y 3 .

Poland Mathematical Olympiad 1960

19. Solve in positive integers the equation

(x + y)2 + 3x + y + 1 = z 2 .

20. Find all pairs (x, y) of integers such that

x3 = y 3 + 2y 2 + 1.

Bulgaria Mathematical Olympiad 1999

21. Solve in integers the equation

x4 + x3 + x2 + x = y 2 + y.

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Modular Arithmetic AwesomeMath Summer Program 2025

22. Solve in integers the equation

x6 + x4 + 1 = y 2 .

Ion Cucurezeanu

23. Solve in integers the equation

(x2 − y 2 )2 = 1 + 4xy.

24. Solve in integers the equation

(x2 − y 2 )2 = 1 + 16y.

All Russian Mathematical Olympiad 1997

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25. Prove that the equation x2 + y 2 + z 2 − 2xy − 2yz − 2zx = 2022 has no integer solutions.

26. Are there integers m and n such that

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5m2 − 6mn + 7n2 = 1985?

IMO Longlist 1985

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27. Prove that the equation x3 + y 3 + z 3 = 19692 has no integer solutions.

Bulgaria Mathematical Olympiad 1969

28. Does there exist an integer such that its cube is equal to 3n2 + 3n + 7, where n is an integer?

IMO Longlist 1967

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29. Solve in integers the equation
y 2 = x3 + (x + 4)2 .

A. Schinzel

30. Solve in positive integers the equation

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2x = 3y + 5.

IMO Longlist 1995

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