What is Network Security
Network security refers to measures and practices used to protect computer networks,
devices, and data from unauthorized access, cyberattacks, and damage. It involves
hardware, software, policies, and procedures to ensure data security and system
integrity
Importance of Network Security
1. Protecting Data – Prevents unauthorized access, leaks, or loss of sensitive
information.
2. Preventing Cyber Attacks – Stops hackers, viruses, and malware from harming
systems.
3. Ensuring Business Continuity – Keeps systems running smoothly without
disruptions.
4. Maintaining Privacy – Safeguards personal and organizational information.
5. Building Trust – Ensures customers and users feel safe when using online
services.
Common Cyber Threats
Cyber threats are attacks or risks that compromise computers and networks. Below are
some common threats:
a) Viruses
A virus is a malicious program that spreads by attaching itself to files and programs.
It can delete files, slow down a system, or corrupt data.
Example: The ILOVEYOU virus, which spread through email attachments.
b) Malware (Malicious Software)
Malware refers to any harmful software designed to damage or exploit a system.
Types of malwares include viruses, worms, Trojans, and spyware.
Example: Ransomware – locks file and demands payment to unlock them.
c) Phishing
Phishing is a fraudulent attempt to steal sensitive information.
Attackers trick users into revealing passwords, bank details, or personal data via fake
emails or websites.
Example: Fake bank emails asking for login details.
d) Hacking
Hacking is the act of gaining unauthorized access to a system.
Ethical hackers (White Hat) help improve security.
Malicious hackers (Black Hat) steal or destroy data.
Example: A hacker breaking into an organization's system to steal customer data