Integers

Number System
Numbers are of two types:
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a) Real numbers: Eg: 1, 1.1, 1.001, " , !$
b) Complex numbers: Eg: √−3
Types of real numbers:
a) Rational Numbers
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These numbers can be expressed in the form of &
b) Irrational Numbers
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These numbers cannot be expressed in the form of &.

Rational Numbers 3/17 3 -20 22/7 3 0.333333

Irrational Numbers √3 √17 Golden ratio (φ) Pi(π)= 3.1415929…..

1.61803398874989….
Types of Integers:
Positive Integers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, ……
Negative Integers ……-7, -6, -5, -4, -3, -2, -1
Non-positive Integers ……-7, -6, -5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 0
Non-negative Integers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, ……

§ P = q z + r means i.e. when an integer “P” is divided by “q”, then, z is the quotient and “r” is the
remainder.
§ A number “n” is the even if the remainder is zero when “n” is divided by 2 i.e. n = 2z +0
§ Consecutive Integers: n, n+1, n+2, ……………….
§ Consecutive odd/even integers: n=2, n+4, n+6,……
Prime and composite numbers:
## Prime numbers have only two factors: 1 and the number itself
## Composite numbers have more than 2 factors.
Examples:
a) Factors of 12: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12
b) Factors of 18: 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18

There are 15 prime Numbers between 1 and 50.

There are 25 prime numbers between 1 and 100.
2 is the only even positive prime number.

The numbers in the circles are prime numbers and the crossed ones are composites.
Terminating and Non-terminating Decimals
Proper fractions 3 12 23 7
5 17 55 100

Improper fractions 5 17 55 100

3 12 23 7

Mixed fractions 2 5 9 2
1 1 2 14
3 12 23 7

Terminating decimals 0.25 0.75 1.1015 3.2025

Non-terminating decimals 0.3333… 0.666…. 0.123123.. 0.858585…

Squares and Cubes

Divisibility of Numbers
1. Divisibility By 2: A number is divisible by 2 if its unit digit is any of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8.
2. Divisibility By 3: A number is divisible by 3 only when the sum of its digits is divisible by 3.
3. Divisibility By 9: A number is divisible by 9 only when the sum of its digits is divisible by 9.
4. Divisibility By 4: A number is divisible by 4 if the number formed by its last two digits is
divisible by 4.
5. Divisibility By 8: A number is divisible by 8 if the number formed by its last three digits is
divisible by 8.
6. Divisibility By 10: A number is divisible by 10 only when its unit digit is 0.
7. Divisibility By 5: A number is divisible by 5 only when its unit digit is o or 5.
Example, each of the numbers 76895 and 68790 is divisible by 5.
8. Divisibility By 11: A number is divisible by 11 if the difference between the sum of its digits at
odd places and the sum of its digits at even places is either 0 or a number divisible by 11.
Example, consider the number 29435417,
Sum of its digits at odd place) – (Sum of its digits at even places)
= (7+4+3+9) – ( 1+5+4+2) = (23 – 12) = 11, which is divisible by 11.
9. Divisibility By 25: A number is divisible by 25 if the number formed by its last two digits is
either 00 or divisible by 25.
10. Divisibility By 7 or 13: Divide the number into groups of 3 digits (starting from right) and find
the difference between the sum of the numbers in odd and even places. If the difference is 0 or
divisible by 7 or 13 (as the case may be), it is divisible by 7 or 13.
Example,
i) 4537792 — 4/ 537 /792
(792+4) – 537 = 237= 259, which is divisible by 7 but not by 13.
4537792 is divisible by 7 and not by 13.
ii) 579488 —579/488
579-488 = 91, which is divisible by both 7 and 13.
579488 is divisible by both 7 and 13.
11. Divisibility By 16: A number is divisible by 16, if the number formed by its last 4 digits is
divisible by 16.
12. Divisibility By 6: A number is divisible by 6, if is divisible by both 2 and 3.
13. Divisibility By 12: A number is divisible by 12, if it is divisible by both 3 and 4.
14. Divisibility By 15: A number is divisible by 15, if it is divisible by both 3 and 5.
15. Divisibility By 18: A number is divisible by 18, if it is divisible by both 2 and 9.
16. Divisibility By 14: A number is divisible by 14, if it is divisible by both 2 and.
17. Divisibility By 24: A given number is divisible by 24, if it is divisible by both 3 and 8.
18. Divisibility By 40: A given number is divisible by 40, if it is divisible by both 5 and 8.
19. Divisibility By 80: A given number is divisible by 80, if it is divisible by both 5 and 16.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Suppose P is even and q is odd, which of the following cannot be an integer?
123 13 3
i) ii) iii) 1"
1 #
A) Only B) only C) only D) (i) & (iii) only
2. If p, q and r are consecutive integers p<q <r, which of the following must be true?
134
i) q-r = 1 ii) # is an integer iii) p+q +r is even
A) (i)Only B) (ii)only C) (iii)only D) (i) & (ii) only
3. If x and y both are prime numbers, which of the following cannot be the difference of x and y?
A) 1 B) 23 C) 3 D) 9
4. When “m” is divided by 2, the remainder is 1 and when n is divided by 4, the remainder is 3,
which of the following must be true?
A) “m” is even B) “n” is even C) “m+n” is even D) “mn” is even
5. If x and y are both prime numbers greater than 2, which of the following cannot be the divisor of
xy?
A) 2 B) 3 C) 11 D) 15
6. If x is both the cube and the square of an integer and x is between 2 and 200, The value of x is:
 A) 8 B) 16 C) 64 D) 80
7. If p is divided by 9 leaves a remainder 1, which of the following must be true?
i) p is even ii) p is odd iii) p= 3z +1 for some integer ‘z’
A) Only B) (ii) only C) (iii) only D) (i) & (ii) only
8. P and q are integers. If p is divided by 2, the remainder is 1 and if q is divided by 6, the
remainder is 1, which of the following must be true?
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A) pq +1 is even B) " is an integer. C) pq is a multiple of 12 D) none of these
9. Which one of the following numbers is the greatest positive integer x such that 3x is a factor of
275?
A) 5 B) 8 C) 10 D) 15
10. A number when divided by 12 gives a remainder 7. If the same number is divided by 6, then the
remainder must be?
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4
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11. Let a, b and c be three integers and let ‘a’ be a perfect square. If & = 5 , then which one of the
following statements must be true?
A) C must be an even integer. B) C must be on odd integer.
C) C must not be a perfect square. D) C must be a perfect square.
12. If two non – zero positive integers p and q are such that p = 4q, p< 8, q is:
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4
13. If “n” is an integer, then which one of the following expression must be even?
A) n2+1 B) n(n+2) C) n(n+1) D) n(n+4)
14. The sum of three consecutive +ve integers must be divisible by which of the following?
A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5
15. When an integer ‘n” is divided by 2, the quotient is ‘u’ and the remainder is 1. When the same
integer “n” is divided by 5, the quotient is “v” and the remainder is 3. Which one of the
following must be true?
A) 2u+5v = 4 B) 2u -5v = 2 C) 4u+5v =2 D) 4u-5v=2
n 8
16. What is the largest integer n such that 2 is a factor of 20 ?
A) 1 B) 2 C) 4 D) 16
17. The number of integers that satisfy the inequality |x| < π is
A) 2 B) 5 C) 7 D) 9
18. The sum of the product and quotient of 6 and 6 is
A) 35 B) 37 C) 38 D) 40
19. If “p” is the remainder when 999 is divided by 7 and ‘q” is the remainder, then 777 is divided by
9, what is the remainder when p is divided by q?
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4
20. The number of + ve integers less than 100 have a remainder of 3 when divided by 7 is?
A) 10 B) 14 C) 15 D) 16
21. What is the absolute value of the product of all the integers from – 6 to 3 inclusive?
 A) -120 B) -15 C) 0 D) 15
22. Which of the following cannot be expressed on the sum of three consecutive integers?
A) 18 B) 24 C) 28 D) 33
23. The number of integers that satisfy 3 |n| + 2≤ 17is
A) 0 B) 4 C) 8 D) 11
24. If 1<3n - 5<2, the possible integer value of n is
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) none of these
√7
25. The largest integer n, such that n <10,000 and 8 is an integer is:
A) 8000 B) 8100 C) 9000 D) 10000
2
26. The number of integers “n” it is true that n -30 is negative are
A) 5 B) 6 C) 10 D) 5.47
27. In an increasing sequence of 10 consecutive integers, the sum of first 5 integers is 560. The sum
of the last 5 integers in the sequence is
A) 585 B) 580 C) 575 D) 570
n 12
28. The smallest integers “n” that satisfy 25 >5 are:
A) 6 B) 7 C) 8 D) 9
29. If x is the product of the =ve integer from 1 to 8 inclusive and I, k, m and p are +ve integers
such that x= 2i 3k 5m 7p the value i+k+m+p is:
A) 4 B) 7 C) 9 D) 11
7
30. The positive integer n is divisible by 25. If √n is greater than 25, the value of is:
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A) 22 B) 23 C) 26 D) 27
A) I only B) ii only C) I and ii only D) none of these
Answers
1. d 2. b 3. b 4. c 5. a 6. c 7. c 8. a 9. d 10. a
11. d 12. a 13. c 14. b 15.b 16. d 17. c 18. a 19. b 20. b
21.c 22.c 23.d 24.d 25.b 26.d 27.a 28.b 29.c 30.c