Tunnel Excavation Front Effects Analysis
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ScribdTranslationsTunnel Excavation Front Effects Analysis
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ScribdTranslationsNATIONAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE
HIGH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND
ARCHITECTURE
ZACATENCO UNIT
FRONTAL EFFECT
PROFESSOR:
ING. VICTORIANO GARCIA MENESES
STUDENT:
AGUILAR CERDA LAURA VIRIDIANA
ACADEMY:
CONSTRUCTION
SUBJECT:
INFRASTRUCTURE WORKS
GROUP:
ACM2
TURN:
MORNING
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NATIONAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE
HIGH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND
ARCHITECTURE
ZACATENCO UNIT
INTRODUCTION
The ground deforms in front of the excavation front of a tunnel, before
that the excavation has arrived, deformations have already occurred,
fundamentally longitudinal but also convergences.
The ground in front of the front helps to support the excavated tunnel, and this
the effect disappears as the excavation front moves away, that is,
the excavation is progressing.
CONFINING EFFECT OF THE FRONT OF A EXCAVATION
In most of the tunnels under construction, the support, which is necessary for
to stabilize the excavation, it is placed a certain distance from the front.
This situation persists even in tunnels built with tunnel boring machines, as
that if a TMB shield is used, conventional support can only
position oneself behind the head of the machine and when using wedges, what do they do?
the support and cladding role, these come under significant load
distance from the front.
Under these conditions, if one considers a cross section of the tunnel, located
between the front and the place where the support is placed, it turns out that in a sense
radial there is no pressure component that can balance the movement
of the land.
To solve this difficulty, Panet proposed in 1995 that the excavation front
exerts a confining effect that results in a fictitious radial pressure, which
decreases as the distance from the considered section to the front increases.
In the following figure, it can be seen that when placing the support at a distance
from the center, the confining effect of the front is worth Pfi, and entering this value into the
characteristic curve of the tunnel, it turns out that for that radial pressure which is the only one
what acts before the support charge takes place has occurred a
radial displacement.
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NATIONAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE
HIGH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND
ARCHITECTURE
ZACATENCO UNIT
This means that the support can only bear load starting from the
moment when the displacement has occurred, so the curve
the tunnel and the support characteristics at the front will be cut at a point of
equilibrium that will necessarily correspond to a lower radial pressure,
An important consequence of this whole process is that the characteristic curve,
for a given distance of support placement at the front, it is divided into
two sections, one in which equilibrium is no longer possible but with radial pressure
inferior to that provided by the front effect.
This finding is important as it is used in many calculations performed with curves.
Features of the confinement of the land are imposed arbitrarily and result
that this is not compatible with the front effect; therefore, the calculations lack
physical sense.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM WITH NUMERICAL METHODS
The application of the classical method of characteristic curves for sizing the
the support of the tunnels presents some significant inconveniences that
they are basically summarized in the following:
The tunnel must be circular in section.
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NATIONAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND
ARCHITECTURE
ZACATENCO UNIT
The stress distribution coefficient must be 1.
The ground must be homogeneous or elastic
It is only applicable to deep tunnels.
To eliminate these difficulties, the proper procedure is to carry out the calculations.
with three-dimensional geomechanical models.
The steps to follow are:
1) Calculation of the characteristic curve of the tunnel
2) Calculation of the displacement of the tunnel perimeter
3) Assessment of the effect against each calculated displacement at a
distance of the front determined
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NATIONAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND
ARCHITECTURE
ZACATENCO UNIT
CONCLUSIONS
The calculation of tunnel support is a three-dimensional problem due to the
effect of the excavation front and, consequently, this problem must be
addressed through three-dimensional calculation methods.
Nevertheless, to obtain a first approximation to the solution of
problem or to face cases where the sizing of the support of
tunnel does not have a significant entity, in this work a methodology is presented for
quick application and low cost, based on the method of characteristic curves.
In order to mitigate the inherent disadvantages of the curve method
characteristics, the proposed methodology combines stress-strain calculations
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NATIONAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND
ARCHITECTURE
ZACATENCO UNIT
in two and three dimensions, which require reduced calculation times and therefore
somewhat inexpensive