In the same vein, the existential model is established, which is known for being

a philosophically informed approach to counseling or psychotherapy.

understand as a spectrum of various theories and practices. Likewise, due to this
development diversity cannot be easily defined. Taking as an example,
some existential therapists do not consider this approach to be a
school" removed from counseling or psychotherapy, but rather an attitude, a
orientation or a stance encompassing therapy in general. However, in recent
over the years, it was increasingly regarded by some as a particular approach and
specific to oneself. Within this framework, it can be said that in any case,
Although it is difficult to formalize and define, as we feel it, psychotherapy based on the
Existential model is a deep philosophical approach characterized by
practice with an emphasis on relationship, spontaneity, flexibility, and freedom in
relation to a rigid doctrine or dogma. Certainly, due to these main qualities,
Many Existential Therapists find it contradictory in its very nature the
attempt to define it.

It is worth noting that the so-called Existential Therapy mainly focuses on the
people who are suffering or in crisis. Within this framework, some therapists
existential issues intervene with the intention of relieving or mitigating such anguish when possible
help people to cope with the inevitable challenges of life in a better way
significant, satisfactory, authentic, and constructive. On the other hand, some therapists are
less focused on the symptom or oriented towards a problem and agree with their clients
a broad exploration of existence without presupposing any particular objective
therapeutic or results aimed at correcting cognitions and behaviors,
to mitigate symptoms or to remedy deficiencies. However, despite their differences
theoretical, ideological and practical significance, Existential Therapists share a
a particular worldview philosophically derived that distinguishes them from the majority of
other contemporary practices.

Continuously, the existential model is based on a wide range of insights.

values and principles extracted from existential phenomenological philosophy. This philosophy of the
existence accentuates certain 'ultimate concerns' often in a dialectical tension of
one with the other, as well as the freedom of choice, the search for meaning or purpose of
life and the problems of everyday life, isolation, suffering, guilt,
anxiety, despair, and death. Within this framework, the so-called method
phenomenological begins by deliberately trying to set aside the assumptions
own in order to be fully open and receptive to the exploration of reality
subjective of the other person.

Although there may be many different motivations for those who decide
participate in this exploratory process, as in most forms of
counseling, psychotherapy, or psychological and psychiatric treatment, existential therapy
commonly sought by people in the turmoil of an existential crisis: some
specific circumstance in which we experience our basic sense of survival,
significantly threatened security or identity; within which can be appreciated
existential threats can be of a physical, social, emotional, or
spiritual and can be directed towards myself, towards others, towards the world in general
or the ideas and perceptions by which we live. This impresses and shakes our sense
of security and self-satisfaction, forcing us to question and doubt our beliefs
more deeply supported or to our values. Nevertheless, human existence is,
according to existential therapists, continuously changing or realizing themselves according to their

our own nature, we are naturally prone to the experimentation of such challenges
existential or crisis throughout the lifespan. In existential therapy, these disorientations
and anxieties that provoke periods of crisis are perceived simultaneously both
as a dangerous moment as an opportunity for transformation and the
growth.

In the same vein, therapists based on the existential model see their
practice as a mutual, collaborative, encouraging, and exploratory dialogue between two beings
humans who struggle. Existential therapy places a special emphasis on the development of
an honest, supportive, and empathetic concern in the still challenging relationship between the
therapist and the client, recognizing the vital role of this relationship in the therapeutic process.
Likewise, in practice, existential therapy explores, in the here and now, they express
feelings, thoughts, and dynamic interactions within this relationship and with the
others, pretending to illuminate their broader world of past experiences,
current events and future expectations, the therapeutic objective is to enlighten,
clarify and place these problems in a broader perspective to promote the
the ability of clients to recognize, accept, and actively exercise their responsibility and
freedom: to choose how to be or act differently, if such change is desired or, if not,
to tolerate, affirm, and embrace the choice of their ways of being in the world.

Por lo tanto, para facilitar este potencialmente liberador proceso, la terapia existencial se
focuses mainly on enhancing the person's awareness, of their experience
"interior", "subjectivity" or being: the temporal, transitory, vital flow of thoughts of
moment by moment, sensations and feelings. At the same time, existential therapy
recognizes the inevitable interaction between the past, present, and future. In this regard, the
existential therapists respect the impressive power of the past and the future and
They directly address how this impacts the present.

Likewise, this model stands out from the others due to its unique combination of vision.
philosophical view of the world, the phenomenological stance and the main emphasis on both
therapeutic relationship as it relates to real experience, existential therapy is generally
less focused on psychopatological diagnosis and more on providing quick relief of
symptom in itself than other forms of therapy. However, concerning 'symptoms' such as the
anxiety, depression, or anger are recognized as potentially reactive
significant and understandable in ordinary circumstances and the contextual personal history.
As such, existential therapy is primarily concerned with experience and the
in-depth exploration of these unsettling phenomena: directly taking them into account
rather than trying to suppress them immediately or eradicate them. Compatible with this, the
existential therapy tends to be explicitly more exploratory than specific or
behaviorally oriented towards goals. Its main objective is to clarify, understand,
describe and explore rather than analyze, explain, treat or 'heal' the subjective experience
of someone's suffering.
 Existential therapy is not predominantly defined based on any
predetermined particular technique(s). Certainly, some existential therapists avoid
totally the use of any technical intervention, agreeing that such methods
artificial things can diminish the essential human quality, integrity, and honesty of
the therapeutic relationship. However, a therapeutic practice common to almost all
existential work is the phenomenological method. Here, the therapist seeks to be
fully present, committed, and free of expectations as much as possible during
every single therapeutic encounter trying temporarily to set aside all the
preconceptions regarding the process. The goal is to gain contextual understanding.
clearer and in depth and the acceptance that a certain experience could be significant to
this person specifically at this time in their life.

Many existential therapists also make use of basic abilities such as the
empathetic reflection, Socratic dialogue, and active listening. Some may also
to use a wide range of techniques extracted from other therapies such as psychoanalysis, the
cognitive behavioral therapy, person-centered psychotherapy, somatic and the
Gestalt therapy. This technical flexibility allows some existential therapists to
freedom to adapt the specific response or intervention to the specific needs of the
individual client and the therapeutic process that continuously develops.

Within this framework, the general purpose of existential therapy is to allow individuals to
clients explore honestly their life experience, openly and
comprehensively. Through this spontaneous process of collaboration in the
discovery, customers are helped to gain a clearer sense of their
experiences that can maintain their subjective meanings. This self-exploration
provides individuals the opportunity to face and confront deeply
philosophical, spiritual, and existential issues of all kinds, as well as the greatest challenges
mundane aspects of daily life.
Carrobles, J. A. "Paradigms or models on psychological abnormalities: The model"
medical or physiological, the psychodynamic model, the phenomenological model or
"humanist and the statistical model." In J. A. Carrobles (ed.), Analysis and modification
from behavior II. Madrid, UNED, 1985.
What is existential psychotherapy?
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Existential psychology or existentialism