Understanding Electroscopes and Their Functions
Uploaded by
ScribdTranslationsUnderstanding Electroscopes and Their Functions
Uploaded by
ScribdTranslationsCOMPLETE PRIMARY SCHOOL OF
ALBAZINE
CURSO:Noturno
Discipline: Physics
Discente:Alexandre Marcos Mabawana Group: A
Class: 08
Maputo, July 2021
Index
Introductiono......................................................................................................................... 3
Electric pendulum and Electroscopeo ........................................................................................ 4
Electric pendulum........................................................................................................... 4
Operating Principle...................................................................................... 4
Electroscope .................................................................................................................. 4
Operating Principle...................................................................................... 5
In the construction of a leaf electroscope, the following materials are needed: ......... 6
Execution of the Experiencea .............................................................................................. 6
Conclusion ......................................................................................................................... 7
Bibliographic Reference ................................................................................................... 8
Introduction
This work aims to investigate and understand the concepts and functioning
the electroscope, which is an instrument whose operation is based on the principles of
electrification and the attraction and repulsion of electric charges. It allows us to verify if a body
is it electrified or not. For this verification, the body in question is brought close.
from the upper end of the electroscope, which consists of our experiment of a
crumpled aluminum foil ball. This ball is connected to two small sheets of
aluminum foil located inside the device through a metal rod. If
if the separation of these leaves occurs, we can state that the body is electrified. The
electroscopes are divided into two types: electric pendulums and electroscopes of
Folha, irei abordar os dois tipos, defini-los e falando do principio de funcionamento.
Electric Pendulum and Electroscope
Electric pendulum
It is an instrument intended to indicate the presence of electric charges, being
consisting of a metal rod, to which a wire is attached that supports a ball
very lightweight isotherm, as shown in the figure to the side.
Figure: Electric Pendulum
Operating Principle
The ball is electrified with a certain positive or negative charge and a body approaches it.
what you want to know is its charge If, for example, the ball is positively charged,
when approaching this a body with an unknown charge or this (ball) goes to
finding the body, which means that this (unknown body) is electrified
negatively or the ball moves away from the body which means that this (body
unknown) is also positively charged.
Electroscope
The electroscope is an instrument used to detect electric charge. There are two types of
electroscope that are the electric pendulum and electroscope
Leaf electroscope consists of a transparent insulating bottle, closed by
an equally insulating cork. At the top, a metallic sphere. Inside, two
very thin metal sheets, made of gold or aluminum.
Operating Principle
If the electroscope is neutral, its leaves will be down. The approach of a
the body charged to the upper sphere induces charges in the system, and the leaves separate, due to
they have charges of the same sign. If this charged body touches the upper sphere, the
the electroscope will also be electrically charged.
Figure: Leaf Electroscope
An electroscope consists of a metal detector button on top, which is connected to
a pair of metal leaves hanging at the bottom of the connecting rod. When there is no load
is present, the metal leaves hang loosely down. But when an object
with charge is approximately that of an electroscope, one of two things can happen.
➢ When the charge is positive, the electrons in the metal of the electroscope are attracted by the
load and move upwards, coming out of the leaves. This causes the leaves to have
a temporary positive charge and, as the charges repel each other, the leaves separate.
When the charge is removed, the electrons return to their original positions and the
leaves relax.
➢ When the charge is negative, the electrons in the metal of the electroscope repel each other and
move towards the leaves at the bottom. This causes the leaves to gain
a temporary negative charge and, as similar charges repel each other, the leaves
they separate again. So, when the charge is removed, the electrons return to
your original position and the leaves relax.
In the construction of a leaf electroscope, the following materials are needed:
➢ Metallic sphere and conductor of electricity;
➢ Transparent bottle;
➢ An insulating material that serves to fix the sphere and close the bottle;
➢ Two small sheets of aluminum foil;
➢ A metal rod, also conductive, that connects the sphere to the strips of paper.
aluminum.
Execution of the Experiment
After constructing the leaf electroscope, bring an electrified body close to it. This will make
as a separation of charges occurs on the surface of the sphere, leaving it with a
positive part and another negative, depending on the charge sign of the electrified body. This
charge separation will also occur on aluminum foil, and its
The extremities will become charged in such a way that they will be repelled.
This experience aims only to demonstrate whether a body is or is not
electrified, making it impossible to detect the charge of a body
Conclusion
After the research, I conclude that it is possible to observe phenomena through the electroscope that
they led to the model of positive and negative charges, as well as to the different
processes of electrification and analyze the characteristics of conductors and insulators. And also
I was able to understand the electrification process and how it works.
Bibliographic Reference
➢ Wikipedia;
➢ Distance Secondary Education Program (PESD) 1oCycle (pg. 32, 33, 34)