EX NO: DATE: AIM: To study the performance of single phase fully controlled converter with R and RL- load
using Ramp Firing Scheme.
SIMULATION OF SINGLE PHASE FULLY CONTROLLED CONVERTER WITH R AND RL-LOAD
REQUIREMENTS: 1. MATLAB Software (version 7.6) 2. PC SPECIFICATION PARAMETERS: 1. Load Resistance(RL) 2. Load Inductance(L) 3. Input Voltage(VIN) 4. Control Voltage (VC) 5. Frequency(Hz) BLOCK DIAGRAM: R-LOAD:
Fig (a). Block Diagram of Single phase Fully Controlled Converter of R-Load
RL-LOAD:
Fig (b). Block Diagram of Single phase Fully Controlled Converter of RL-Load SIMULINK BLOCK DIAGRAM: 1. R Load:
Continuous 0.2364 powergui i In +
k m m k
Mean
C urrent Measurement Thyristor2
Mean Value1
Display 4.728
Thyristor1
In
Mean
Mean Value
+
Display1
Series RLC Branch
-
AC Voltage Source
Voltage Measurement2
Scope
Thyristor3 Voltage Measurement1
v + -
Thyristor4
Out1
0.5
In1
Out2
Constant
Out3
Subsystem1
Fig (c). Simulation Diagram of Single phase Fully Controlled Converter of R-Load
2. RL-Load:
Continuous 0.2364 powergui i In +
k m m k
Mean
Current Measurement Thyristor2
Mean Value1
Display 4.728
Thyristor1
In
Mean
Mean Value
+
Display1
Series RLC Branch
-
AC Voltage Source
Voltage Measurement2
Scope
Thyristor3 Voltage Measurement1
v + -
Thyristor4
Out1
0.5
In1
Out2
Constant
Out3
Subsystem1
Fig (d). Simulation Diagram of Single phase Fully Controlled Converter of RL-Load PROCEDURE: 1. Select mat lab Version 7.6 software program and choose New-Model-File. 2. After selecting model-file connect the circuit as per system design problem. 3. After making model-file program debug the program by using run option from debug toolbar. 4. Then observe the results for Model-file program in scope. 5. Stop Simulation.
THEORY: The single phase fully controlled converter have R&R-L load is a continuous mode operation it operates the T1&T2 conducting state and T3&T4 is off state during Positive half cycle . T3&T4 are conducting T3&T4 are conducting T1&T2 is Off state during gate triggering pulse. Fully controlled R-L load it having the continuous & discontinuous modes operation. Same operation for continuous & discontinuous the discontinuous is produced. The 0<90 phase shift it acts as a Rectifier mode. 0>90 phase shift it acts as an Inverter Mode . Fully controlled acts as two mode operation. The circuit arrangement of a single-phase full converter is shown fig. with a highly inductive load so that the load current is continuous and ripple free. During the positive half cycle thyristors T1 and T2 are forward biased; and when these two thyristors are fired simultaneously at wt= ,the load is connected to the input supply through T1 and T2. Due to the inductive load, thyristor T1 and T2 continue to conduct beyond wt= , even though the input voltage is already negative. During the negative half cycle of input voltage, Thyristors T3 and T4 are forward biased; and firing of thyristors T3 and T4 applies the supply voltage across thyristors T1 and T2 as reverse blocking voltage. T1 and T2 are turned off due to the line or natural commutation and the load current is transferred from T1 and T2 to T3 and T4. During s the period from to , the input voltage Vs and input current negative half cycle by applying
are positive; and the power flows from the supply to the load. The
converter is said to be operated in rectification mode. During the period from to +, the input voltage Vs is negative and the input current s is positive; and reverse power flows from the load to the supply . The converter is said to be operated in inversion mode. This converter is extensively used in industrial applications up to 15kw. Depending on the
value of , the avg output voltage could be either positive or negative and it provides two quadrant operation.
SIMULATION OUTPUT WAVE FORMS:R-LOAD
Fig(a):Supply voltage wave form.
Fig(b):Gate firing pulses
Fig(c):Gate firing pulses
Fig(d):Output voltage wave form
Fig(e):output current wave form R-L LOAD: DISCONTINUOUS WAVE FORMS
Fig(f):Supply voltage wave form.
Fig(g):Gate firing pulse.
Fig(h):Gate firing pulse.
Fig(i):Output wave form.
Fig(j):Output Discontinuous current waveform
R-L LOAD: R-L LOAD: CONTINUOUS WAVE FORMS
Fig(k):Supply voltage wave form.
Fig(l):Gate firing pulse.
Fig(m):Gate firing pulse.
Fig(n):Output voltage waveform
Fig(o):Output continuous wave form
THEORETICAL CALCULATIONS: Average output voltage: Vdc=2Vm/ Cos
And Vdc can be varied from 2Vm/ to -2Vm/ by varying from 0 to .The maximum avg output voltage is Vim=2Vm/ And the normalized avg output voltage is Vn=Vdc/Vdm=Cos The rms value of the output voltage is given by
VmSin2wtd(wt)]1/2=Vm/2 = Vs With a purely resistive load, thyristors T1 and T2 conduct from to , and thyristor T3 and T4 can conduct from + to 2 .
TABULAR FORM:
S NO
Vc
FIRING ANGLE
Vavg THEORETICAL
SIMULATED Vavg
RESULT:
