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Process Management in Operating Systems

A process is defined as a program in execution, encompassing its current activity, stack, data section, and heap. The document outlines various process states including New, Running, Waiting, Ready, and Terminated, as well as the structure of a Process Control Block (PCB) which contains essential information for process management. Additionally, it highlights the goal of process scheduling in multiprogramming to ensure continuous CPU utilization.

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14 views1 page

Process Management in Operating Systems

A process is defined as a program in execution, encompassing its current activity, stack, data section, and heap. The document outlines various process states including New, Running, Waiting, Ready, and Terminated, as well as the structure of a Process Control Block (PCB) which contains essential information for process management. Additionally, it highlights the goal of process scheduling in multiprogramming to ensure continuous CPU utilization.

Uploaded by

abreshmillion2024
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Operating Systems - Chapter 2: Processes and Process

Management

==============================================================

A process is a program in execution. It is a unit of work


in a modern time-sharing system.

Process Concept:
- A process includes the current activity (program counter,
processor registers)
- Stack containing temporary data (function parameters,
return addresses, local variables)
- Data section containing global variables
- Heap containing memory dynamically allocated during
runtime

Process State:
- New: The process is being created
- Running: Instructions are being executed
- Waiting: The process is waiting for some event to occur
- Ready: The process is waiting to be assigned to a
processor
- Terminated: The process has finished execution

Process Control Block (PCB):


Each process is represented in the operating system by a
process control block (PCB)
- Process state
- Program counter
- CPU registers
- CPU scheduling information
- Memory-management information
- Accounting information
- I/O status information

Process Scheduling:
The objective of multiprogramming is to have some process
running at all times to maximize CPU utilization.

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