Commonly Asked Questions & Answers
Subject: Geography Grade 10
Chapter:1 Resources and Development
Multiple Choice Questions (1 mark each)
1. A researcher is examining a soil type which is formed by weathering of volcanic rocks and is
rich in minerals. Which one of the following soil is it?
(a)Laterite soil (b) Alluvial soil (c ) Black soil (d) Mountain soil
2. Swapna is a small farmer. Swapna wants to cultivate cotton. What kind of geographical
conditions will be suitable for this? Choose the most appropriate option.
(a)Laterite soil, Moderate rainfall, Low temperature and bright sunshine
(b)Black soil, Light rainfall, High temperature and Bright sunshine
(c)Laterite soil, Light rainfall, High temperature and Moderate sunshine
(d)Black soil, High rainfall, Low temperature and Moderate sunshine
3. Which of the following is an example of Cultivable Wasteland?
(a) Gross cropped area (b) Current fallow land (c) Barren land (d) Uncultivated land
4. The book “Small is beautiful” is written by__________
(a) Schumacher (b) Agatha Christie (c) Ruskin Bond (d) Abhijith Singh
5. Two statements are given below. They are Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read both statements
and choose the correct option:
Assertion (A): Proper discharge and disposal of industrial waste can reduce land degradation in
suburban areas.
Reason (R):In the states of Punjab, Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh over irrigation is responsible
for land degradation.
(a) Both A and R are correct, and R is the correct explanation of statement A
(b)Both A and R are correct, and R is not the correct explanation of statement A
(c ) A is correct, but R is incorrect.
(d) is incorrect, but R is correct.
Definition- Everything available in our environment which can be used to satisfy our needs, which
are technologically accessible, economically feasible and culturally acceptable.
Q 1. Define Sustainable Economic Development.
Sustainable Economic Development means development should take place without damaging the
environment, and development in the present should not compromise with the needs of future
generations.
Q 2. Suggest any two ways in which resources can be used judiciously.
Resource Planning
Resource Conservation.
Q 3. What problems have been caused by human beings using resources indiscriminately?
Depletion of resources for satisfying the greed of a few individuals.
Accumulation of resources in a few hands, which, in turn, divided society into two
segments i.e rich and poor.
It has led to global ecological crises such as global warming, ozone layer depletion,
environmental pollution and land degradation.
Q 4. What are the steps involved in the process of resource planning ?
The three steps involved in resource planning are:
Identification and inventory of resources by mapping and surveying . Estimation of quality
and quantity.
Evolving a planning structure endowed with appropriate technology.
Matching the resource development plans with overall national development plans.
Q.5. Why is resource planning essential? Give some examples which explain its need.
OR
Explain the importance of resource planning in a country like India.
OR
Planning is widely accepted strategy for judicious use of resources. Explain.
[Link] planning is the widely accepted strategy for judicious use of resources.
[Link] is essential because
[Link] are limited and unevenly distributed.
[Link] will reduce wastage of resources.
5. An example of uneven distribution is Arunachal Pradesh which has abundance of water
resources, but lacks infrastructural development to utilize water resources.
Q. 6 What are the reasons for land degradation?
• Main reasons for land degradation in India are:
• Human activities like deforestation, mining, quarrying, overgrazing .
• In states like Chhatisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Odisha deforestation due to
mining has caused severe degradation.
• In Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat and Maharashtra, overgrazing is one of
the main reasons for land degradation.
• Over-irrigation in the states of Punjab, Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh, has
led to land degradation.
Q 7 Suggest some measures to solve the problem of land degradation. The following
measures can help the problem of land degradation.
• Afforestation and proper management of grazing.
• Planting of shelter belts of plants.
• Stabilisation of sand dunes by growing thorny bushes.
• Proper management of waste lands.
• Control of mining activities.
• Proper discharge and disposal of industrial effluents and wastes after treatment.
Q 8 Explain the main factors that affect the formation of soil.
The three factors responsible for soil formation are as follows.
• Relief, parent rock, climate, vegetation and other forms of life and time .
• Running water, wind, glaciers, temperature and decomposers
• Chemical and organic (humus) changes.
Q. 9 Mention any two human activities which are responsible for the process of soil
erosion. Explain the two types of soil erosion mostly observed in India.
Two human activities which are responsible for the process of soil erosion are
Deforestation, Overgrazing, construction and mining. (any two)
The following are the two types of soil erosion mostly observed in India.
• Sheet erosion: It is the result of excessive flowing of water resulting in the removal
of the topmost layer of soil.
• Gully erosion: Gullies cut the clayey soil into deep creeps and becomes unfit for
cultivation and popularly known as bad land
Q 10 Suggest any three measures of soil conservation.
The measures that can be taken for the conservation of soil are:
• Terrace farming: Farming along the hill slopes by cutting it into steps.
• Contour ploughing: It is a method of cultivation along the contour lines which helps to slow the flow
of water downslope.
• Shelter belt: Planting rows of trees along the edges of fields.
• Strip cropping: Dividing the fields into strips and letting grass grow between the crops breaks the
force of wind and checks soil erosion.
CLASSIFICATION OF SOIL
ALLUVIAL BLACK SOIL RED & LATERITE ARID FOREST
SOIL (Regur Soil) YELLOW SOIL SOIL SOIL
Made of river Made of lava Red colour Derived from Sandy in Found in hilly
deposits, flow. Ideal due to Latin word texture, forests areas
consist of for cotton diffusion of ‘later’ which saline in Loamy &
sand silt and cultivation. iron in means brick, Nature, silty valley
clay High capacity crystalline and Prone to Lacks sides Jammu
2 Types to hold Metamorphic leaching, Low humus & Kashmir,
Bangar and moisture. rocks. Yellow humus suitable Moisture Sikkim
Khadar Rich in lime, due to for crops like Lower
Intensively potash, hydration Cashew nut. horizon of
cultivated, magnesium Odisha & Kerala soil
supports and calcium Chattisgarh Karnataka, M.P, contain
dense carbonate Hilly Odisha & kankar
population Deccan Assam. Western
Ideal for Plateau Rajasthan
paddy, wheat,
sugarcane
Northern
Plains & deltas