The Renaissance

Nombre:Sofia Espina Villanueva

Course: 8th grade

Subject: history

Professor: Luis Flores

 Introduction

The Renaissance is the cultural phenomenon that marks the beginning of the Modern Age.
It resumes the culture of classical antiquity, updating it through Humanism,
but it does not leave behind the Christian tradition, because it includes it from a perspective

religion of the medieval world, by a statement of the values of the world and of the
man. This occurred in Europe during the 15th and 18th centuries, which
know as the transition between the medieval and modern era, which brought with it
a change in thinking, arts, and sciences.

Humanism, for its part, is the intellectual movement of the Renaissance, that
it revalues the dignity of the human spirit, linking the culture of the time with the
from classical antiquity. Then humanism would be the philosophical aspect and
literary of the Renaissance.

The humanist is the writer, the thinker who does not limit himself to the study of theology,
great importance is given to the study of the human sciences here. Beauty does not go
to be a reflection of divinity, as in medieval art, but the expression of a
intellectual order and not religious, based on measure, number, and proportion.
The naked human body will be studied, seeking perfection as a reflection of
anthropocentrism of humanist thought.

The political and social changes that this era brought were also
importance in all of the West: the end of medieval religious thought and of
feudal aristocratic system, the emergence of bourgeois cultures and the beginning,
something after capitalism. Many Western artists and thinkers to the
what we recognize today were part of the Renaissance, and some of
His works are today icons of Western modern culture.

Among the recognized artists, we find Leonardo Da Vinci, Miguel

Angel, Sandro Botticelli, Donatello, among others. They created great works that
we admire to this day. It is worth mentioning that these artists started to
to incorporate humanism into their works, giving rise to the Renaissance
artistic.

Development
During the Renaissance, a new concept was born that is known as
"artistic renaissance", since many artists wanted to create something new and it
They represented in their works, but did not leave everything at 100%, but rather reused.
many of the characteristics of classical art, that is, Greek and Roman, but
using new concepts such as mathematics, perspective, geometry,
proportions, etc. Where the human body becomes the protagonist,
since the anatomy and movement of the body are studied.

Then we can say that Renaissance art is an exaltation of the world and
of man. The painting features beautiful landscapes that contrast with the
golden backgrounds of medieval paintings; on the other hand, beauty is revealed
of the human being and the nude is cultivated. From a technical point of view,
we find in Renaissance art a sense of proportion and balance, thus,
like the achievement of perspective.

Next, four of the most prominent Renaissance artists will be presented.

Notable figures of the time, along with some of their most recognized works:

Works of Michelangelo.

Michelangelo Buonarroti (Caprese, March 6, 1475 - Rome, February 18,

1564), known in Spanish as Miguel Ángel, was an architect, sculptor, and painter
Renaissance Italian, considered one of the greatest artists in history
both for his sculptures and for his paintings and architectural work.

Michelangelo is usually recognized as the great figure of the Renaissance.

Italian, a man whose exceptional artistic personality dominated the scene
creative of the 16th century and whose figure is at the foundation of the conception of the artist

as an exceptional being, who far exceeds ordinary conventions.

Among his works we find:

David
The David is a white marble sculpture of
5.17 meters tall and 5572 kilograms of
mass, created by Michelangelo Buonarroti
between 1501 and 1504 commissioned by the Opera of
Dome of the Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore
from Florence.

The Creation of Adam

The creation of Adam is a
fresco on the vault of the
Sistine Chapel, painted by
Miguel Ángel around the
year 1511. Illustrates one of the
nine episodes of Genesis
represented there by the
Tuscan artist, in which
God gives life to Adam, the first man.

Baco
Baco is a marble sculpture created
between 1496 and 1497 by Michelangelo, the work of
a height of 203 cm is in the Museum
Bargello National Museum in Florence
In 1534, Michelangelo definitively settled in Rome, where he carried out the
fresco of the Last Judgment in the Sistine Chapel and supervised the works of the basilica of
San Pedro, in which he substantially modified the plans and designed the dome, which
It is his work. His other great architectural achievement was the completion of the Palace.
Farnesio, started byAntonio da Sangallo the Younger.

Works of Leonardo Da Vinci

Considered the paradigm of the homo universalis, of the wise Renaissance man versed in
all areas of human knowledge, Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
ventured into fields as varied as aerodynamics, hydraulics,
anatomy, botany, painting, sculpture, and architecture, among others. Their
scientific investigations were largely forgotten and undervalued by
his contemporaries; his pictorial production, on the other hand, was immediate
recognized as that of a master capable of materializing the ideal of beauty in
works of disturbing suggestion and delicate poetry.

Among his most notable works are:

The Mona Lisa (c. 1503-1507)

Leonardo managed to capture a gesture between the fleeting and the eternal: the 'enigmatic

The "smile" of the Gioconda is one of the most admired, commented on, and
imitators of the history of art, and its mystery continues to fascinate today. There is the
legend that Leonardo promoted that gesture in his model by making sounds
praises while she posed; the painting, which has gone through not a few vicissitudes,
has been considered the peak and summary of talent and 'science
pictorial" by its author.

The Last Supper (1495-1497)

The Last Supper by Da Vinci is a

religious painting painted on the
wall of a church (fresco). The
the original of this work corresponds
a fresco of 8.8 x 4.6 m.
Painted on plaster (mix of
plaster and chalk) between 1495 and 1497 in

the convent of Santa María de las

Thank you, Milan, Italy.

Works of Sandro Botticelli:

Alessandro di Mariano di Vanni Filipepi, nicknamed Sandro Botticelli, was born in
Florence in the year 1445 and passed away in 1510. He was the favorite painter of the Court of

Lorenzo de Médicis, at a moment of fundamental importance for the

flourishing of the arts in 15th century Florence, known as the “Age of
"Florentine gold." But the painter also experienced tumultuous moments like those that
it facilitated the sermons of the Dominican monk Girolamo Savonarola (the "burnings of the
vanities"), a whole critique of power under a religious and moral approach.

Thank you a the good ones relationships between your family and that of

the Vespucci, who were neighbors of the Filipepi family,

Sandro could enter as an apprentice in the workshop
that Filippo Lippi had in Prato in 1464. At the age of three, he managed to enter the workshop of
one of the great painters of the city, Verrocchio, and very shortly after,
around 1470, he already had his own workshop. In that same year he painted his
famous fortress for the Tribunal of Commerce of Florence, which is part of
from the series The Virtues.

The fortress

Among his works from the early 1470s, the painting on the subject stands out.
religious the History of Judith or the two Worship of the Magi, which
now he is in London. In 1475 he includes his own portrait in one of his
most famous paintings, Adoration of the Magi (Uffizi Palace,
Florence). Alongside her own self-portrait, many are also represented.
members of the Medici family and other prominent figures of their court,
like Gaspare di Zanobi del Lama.

Worship of the Three Wise Men

In the early 1480s, he receives one of the most important commissions.
outside Florence, participating in the Sistine Chapel, alongside other artists. To Botticelli
he was tasked with painting some of the most representative episodes of
the parallelism of Moses and Christ, specifically the trials of Moses and Christ.

On May 17, 1510, Sandro Botticelli died in the city of Florence.

same year, the young artists Rafael and Miguel Ángel. After a forgetfulness
centenary, it is recovered for modern taste as a result of an exhibition of its
paintings in the Uffizi Gallery in the early 19th century. But still
It is pending to rehabilitate the integrity and coherence of Botticelli.

Obras de Donatello:

He was an Italian sculptor, born in Florence (1386-1466). Donatello was one of the
creators of the Renaissance style and one of the greatest artists of
Renaissance. Its formation alongsideLorenzo Ghibertihe left an important legacy
technical, but almost no stylistic trace, since its beginnings
he developed a unique style based on emotional strength and a singular sense
of the movement.

He was also the great revolutionary of relief, with his technique in stiacciato, with
a variation of millimeters between figure and background with countless
overlaps. Donatello was born in a still Gothic Florence but began to
to work as a craftsman in years when Florentine culture was beginning to
look to the ancients as references. In this context, he begins his
concern about the representation of the human figure in all its
dimensions, ages and attitudes. In fact, it did not shy away from showing old age or the

ugliness, both inherent to the individual.

He was also the sculptor of one of the first equestrian statues of

Renaissance, of the great renovators of relief as a major form of art and
one of the first to use the psychology of the portrayed characters. By
For example, we have the work called "David of the Bargello," which is one of the works.
the most famous of Donatello. It is a round sculpture carved in bronze.
His fame grew quickly, as this piece is the first sculptural nude.
full body since Classical Antiquity.

David of Bargello, 1440

The sculpture represents King David after
defeating the giant Goliath. David was a very significant figure.

valued in the Renaissance. It was interpreted as

symbol of the triumph of reason over brute force.

The Feast of Herod, 1423

We also have 'Herod's Feast'

What is a relief in gilded bronze where
Donatello boasts his impeccable
management of the technique of stiatciato. The relief
was destined for the baptismal font of
Baptistery of Siena, in which also
other artists participated. Donatello was
the scene in which, after the
Salome's request to King Herod, it
presents the head of John the Baptist on a platter.

The artist spent his last years in bed and unable to work as a result of
a paralyzing illness and an increasingly incompatible blindness with his
work. He finally passed away in the year 1466.
 Conclusion
So from this work we can conclude that in the time of
Renaissance changes the way life is seen, and that is represented in the
art, because religion is no longer the main theme, but rather the being itself
human. This can be observed in the different images or works that we
they showed in this report.

Opinion
In the work done, many works of art can be seen, of which I
it was liked and seemed very interesting to see, especially those of Miguel Angel, because

I find that your paintings were very beautiful and represent what is well.
define as Renaissance, because it shows a lot of the human being as the
protagonist of his works, in addition to having a super good technique to me
To appear. Doing this work was very fun for me, as I enjoy seeing art.
from different eras.
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