ARBA MINCH UNIVERSITY MECHANICAL ENGINEERING FACULTY
Instruction: attempt all questions. [ASSIGNMENT]:-
1. Show that the thermal efficiency of a Carnot cycle operating between the temperature limits
of TH and TL is solely a function of these two temperatures.
2. Explain power cycle, open cycle, refrigeration cycle, and closed cycle.
3. Differentiate between otto cycle and diesel cycle. (Conceptual, graphical, mathematical
and application wise).
4. Vapor compression refrigeration Cycle Schematical (using devices) and T-S diagram.
5. Write the objective of Refrigeration and heat pump with help of Sketch.
6. What is the difference between ideal vapor compression cycle and actual vapor
compression cycle?
7. Differentiate also between Brayton cycle and Rankine cycle.
8. We use vapor compression cycle for refrigeration instead of reversed Carnot cycle. Why?
9. A gas-turbine power plant operating on an ideal Brayton cycle has a pressure ratio of 8.
The gas temperature is 300 K at the compressor inlet and 1300 K at the turbine inlet.
Utilizing the air-standard assumptions, determine (a) the gas temperature at the exits of the
compressor and the turbine, (b) the back work ratio, and (c) the thermal efficiency.
10. Assuming a compressor efficiency of 80 percent and a turbine efficiency of 85 percent,
determine (a) the back work ratio, (b) the thermal efficiency, and (c) the turbine exit
temperature of the gas-turbine cycle.
11. Consider a Carnot cycle executed in a closed system with 0.003 kg of air. The temperature
limits of the cycle are 300 and 900 K, and the minimum and maximum pressures that occur
during the cycle are 20 and 2000 kPa. Assuming constant specific heats, determine the
network output per cycle.
12. A four-cylinder, four-stroke, 2.2-L gasoline engine operates on the Otto cycle with a
compression ratio of 10. The air is at 100 kPa and 60°C at the beginning of the compression
process, and the maximum pressure in the cycle is 8 MPa. The compression and expansion
processes may be modeled as polytropic with a polytropic constant of 1.3. Using constant
specific heats at 850 K, determine (a) the temperature at the end of the expansion process,
(b) the net work output and the thermal efficiency, (c) the mean effective pressure, (d ) the
engine speed for a net power output of 70 kW, and (e)
the specific fuel consumption, in g/kWh, defined as the ratio of the mass of the fuel
consumed to the net work produced. The air–fuel ratio, defined as the amount of air divided
by the amount of fuel intake, is 16.
13. A four-cylinder two-stroke 2.4-L diesel engine that operates on an ideal Diesel cycle has a
compression ratio of 17 and a cutoff ratio of 2.2. Air is at 55°C and 97 kPa at the
beginning of the compression process. Using the cold-air standard assumptions, determine
how much power the engine will deliver at 1500 rpm. Repeat the problem using nitrogen
as the working fluid.
ARBA MINCH UNIVERSITY MECHANICAL ENGINEERING FACULTY
14. Air is used as the working fluid in a simple ideal Brayton cycle that has a pressure ratio of
12, a compressor inlet temperature of 300 K, and a turbine inlet temperature of
1000 K. Determine the required mass flow rate of air for a net power output of 70 MW,
assuming both the compressor and the turbine have an isentropic efficiency of (a) 100
percent and (b) 85 percent. Assume constant specific heats at room temperature.
15. A four-cylinder two-stroke 5-L diesel engine that operates on an ideal Diesel cycle has a
compression ratio of 17 and a cutoff ratio of 2.2. Nitrogen is at 55°C and 97 kPa at the
beginning of the compression process. Using the cold-air standard assumptions, determine
how much power the engine will deliver at 1500 rpm.
16. Refrigerant-134a enters the compressor of a refrigerator as superheated vapor at 0.18 MPa
and 0°C at a rate of 0.08 kg/s and leaves at 1.0 MPa and 60°C. The refrigerant is cooled in
the condenser to 28°C and is throttled to 0.19 MPa. Disregarding any heat transfer and
pressure drops in the connecting lines between the components, determine (a) The rate of
heat removal from the refrigerated space. (b) The power input to the compressor. (c) The
isentropic efficiency of the compressor (d) The coefficient of performance of the
refrigerator. And (e) The coefficient of performance if the device is working as a principle
of Heat pump.
17. A room contains air at 1 atm, 26°C, and 70 percent relative humidity. Using the
psychrometric chart, determine (a) the specific humidity, (b) the enthalpy (in kJ/kg dry air),
(c) the wet-bulb temperature, (d ) the dew-point temperature, and (e) the specific volume
of the air (in m3/kg dry air).