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Understanding Database Normalization

Normalization is a process in database management that organizes data to minimize redundancy and eliminate anomalies such as insertion, deletion, and update issues. It involves decomposing larger tables into smaller, well-structured relations to improve data integrity and efficiency. While normalization offers advantages like reduced data redundancy and improved organization, it can also lead to challenges such as performance degradation and complexity in design.

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Nilkamal Mahata
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6 views7 pages

Understanding Database Normalization

Normalization is a process in database management that organizes data to minimize redundancy and eliminate anomalies such as insertion, deletion, and update issues. It involves decomposing larger tables into smaller, well-structured relations to improve data integrity and efficiency. While normalization offers advantages like reduced data redundancy and improved organization, it can also lead to challenges such as performance degradation and complexity in design.

Uploaded by

Nilkamal Mahata
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

KINGSTON SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT AND SCIENCE

Group Member Names: Nilkamal Mahata


Roll:17301221049
Reg-211731001210012
Debjani Khan
Roll: 17301221050
Reg -211731001210013
Aritrya Biswas
Roll: 17301221053
Reg-211731001210069
Shreya Saha
Roll: 17301221054
Reg -211731001210068
Antara Mondal
Subject :Database Management System Roll: 17301221055
Reg -211731001210066
Topic : Normalization
Normalization
A large database defined as a single relation may result in data duplication. This
repetition of data may result in:
•Making relations very large.
•It isn't easy to maintain and update data as it would involve searching many
records in relation.
•Wastage and poor utilization of disk space and resources.
•The likelihood of errors and inconsistencies increases.
So to handle these problems, we should analyze and decompose the relations with
redundant data into smaller, simpler, and well-structured relations that are satisfy
desirable properties. Normalization is a process of decomposing the relations into
relations with fewer attributes.
What is Normalization?
•Normalization is the process of organizing the data in the database.
•Normalization is used to minimize the redundancy from a relation or set of relations. It is also
used to eliminate undesirable characteristics like Insertion, Update, and Deletion Anomalies.
•Normalization divides the larger table into smaller and links them using relationships.
•The normal form is used to reduce redundancy from the database table.

Why do we need Normalization?


The main reason for normalizing the relations is removing these anomalies. Failure to eliminate
anomalies leads to data redundancy and can cause data integrity and other problems as the
database grows. Normalization consists of a series of guidelines that helps to guide you in creating
a good database structure.
Data modification anomalies can be categorized into three types:

•Insertion Anomaly: Insertion Anomaly refers to when one cannot insert a new tuple into a
relationship due to lack of data.

•Deletion Anomaly: The delete anomaly refers to the situation where the deletion of data
results in the unintended loss of some other important data.

•Updatation Anomaly: The update anomaly is when an update of a single data value
requires multiple rows of data to be updated.
Advantages of Normalization
•Normalization helps to minimize data redundancy.
•Greater overall database organization.
•Data consistency within the database.
•Much more flexible database design.
•Enforces the concept of relational integrity.

Disadvantages of Normalization
•You cannot start building the database before knowing what the user needs.
•The performance degrades when normalizing the relations to higher normal forms, i.e., 4NF,
5NF.
•It is very time-consuming and difficult to normalize relations of a higher degree.
•Careless decomposition may lead to a bad database design, leading to serious problems.

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