Solution

NDA TEST COMPLEX NUMBER

Competitive Exams - NDA - National Defence Academy
1. (a) 1
,
3π

4
√2

Explanation:
Let z = 1+2i

1−3i

2
2 2
⇒ z= 1+2i

1−3i
×
1+3i

1+3i
=
1+3i+2i+6i

2 2
[∵ (a + b)(a - b) = a - b ]
1 −(3i)

2
= [∵ i = -1]
1+5i+6(−1)

2
1−9i

= 1+5i−6

1+9
=
−5+5i

10
=
−1+i

⇒ z=− 1

2
+
1

2
i

−−−−−−−−−−−
1
2
1
2 −− −−−−
2 2
∴ |z| = √(− ) + ( ) [∵ |a + ib| = √a + b ]
2 2

−−−−− −
− −
−
=√ 1

4
+
1

4
= √
2

4
= √
1

2
=
1

√2

1
∣ ∣
Now, tan θ = ∣ −1 ∣ ∣
2
Im(z)
∣ [∵ θ = tan ( ) ]
1 ∣ Re(z) ∣
∣ −
2
∣

⇒ tanθ = 1 = tan ⇒ θ = π

4
π

Since, the real part of z is negative and imaginary part of z is positive, so the point lies in
IInd quadrant.
∴ arg(z) = π − θ = π − π

4
=
3π

Hence, modulus = 1

√2
and arg (z) = 3π

2.
(d) −1, ω, ω 2

Explanation:
We have,
z3 + 2z2 + 2z + 1 = 0
⇒ (z
3 + 1) + 2z(z + 1) = 0
2 - z + 1 + 2z) = 0
⇒ (z + 1)(z
2 + z + 1) = 0
⇒ (z + 1)(z

2
⇒ z = −1, w, w

3.
–
(b) 1 + √5
Explanation:
We have,
|z| = ∣∣z − 4

z
+
4

z
∣
∣ ≤ ∣
∣z −
4

z
∣
∣ + ∣
∣
4

z
∣
∣

[using triangle inequality]

4 4
⇒ |z| ≤ 2 + [∵ ∣
∣z −
∣ = 2]
∣
|z| z

⇒ |z|2 - 2|z| - 4 ≤ 0
– –
⇒ (|z| - 1 + √5)(|z| - 1 - √5) ≤ 0
– –
⇒ 1 − √5 ≤ |z| ≤ 1 + √5

–
Thus, the maximum value of |z| is 1 + √5
4.
(b) ( 10

3
, 0) ,
2

Explanation:
Let z = x + iy
Given equation becomes, ∣∣ =2
x+iy−2
∣
x+iy−3 ∣

⇒ |(x - 2) + iy| = 2|(x - 3) + iy|

−−−−− −− −−−− −−−−− −− −−−−
2 2 2 2
⇒ √(x − 2) + y = 2√(x − 3) + y

2 2 2 2
⇒ (x - 2) + y = 4[(x - 3) + y ]
2 2 2 2
⇒ x + 4 - 4x + y = 4(x + 9 - 6x + y )
⇒ 3x
2 + 3y2 - 20x + 32 = 0
2 2
⇒ x + y - x+ =0 20 32

3 3
2 2
Standard equation of circle is x + y + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0
∴ g= −10

3
, f = 0, c = 32

∴ Centre of circle = (-g, -f) = ( 10

3
, 0)

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
−−−−−−−−−
Radius = √g
2
2 2 10 2 32
∴ + f − c = √( ) + (0) −
3 3

−−−−−−− −−−−−
=√ 100

9
−
32

3
= √
100−96

−
−
=√ 4

9
=
2

5.
(b) -1, 1 - 2ω, 1 - 2ω 2

Explanation:
(x - 1)3 + 8 = 0 or (x - 1)3 = -8
1 1

∴ x - 1 = (−8) = 2(1) 3 3

2
= -2, -2ω, -2ω
2
Hence, x = -1, 1 - 2ω, 1 - 2ω
6.
(b) 3
Explanation:
–
Given, α = 2 − i√3
–
then, let β = 2 + i√3
Then, sum of the roots, (α + β) = 4
Product of the roots,
– –
α ⋅ β = (2 + i√3)(2 − i√3)

= 4 - i2 × 3 = 4 + 3 = 7
Then equation,
x2 - 4x + 7 = 0 ...(i)
Given equation, x2 + ax + b = 0 ...(ii)
Compare Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
a = -4, b = 7
Then, (a + b) = -4 + 7 = 3
7.
(c) 1−i

√2

Explanation:
−−−−−
−−
−−
Let z = √−√−1
∵ x - iy
−−
2
−−
2
−− −−
2
−−
2
−−
x +y +x x +y −x
= ± [√ − i√ ]
x 2

−− −−
−
∴ √−i (∵ i = √−1 )

−−−−− −−−−−
|−i|+0 |−i|−0
= ± (√ − i√ )
2 2

−−− −−−
1+0 1−0
= ± (√ − i√ )
2 2

(1−i)
= ±
√2

8. (a) i - 1
Explanation:
13 13 13
n n+1 n n+1
∑ (i + i ) = ∑ i + ∑ i
n=1 n=1 n=1

13 13

= i( =i-1
1−i 2 1−i 1−i 1−i
) + i ( ) = i( ) − ( )
1−i 1−i 1−i 1−i

–
9. (a) 5√2
Explanation:
We know that
−−−−
2
−−
2
−− −−−−
2
−−
2
−−
−−−−− √x +y +x √x +y −x
√x + iy = ± ( √ +i √
2 2

−−−−
2
−−
2
−− −−−−
2
−−
2
−−
−−−−− √x +y +x √x +y −x
and √x − iy = ± ( √ − i √ )
2 2

−−−− −−− −− −−−− −−− −−

2 2 2 2
−−−−−− √
√12 +5 +12
√
√12 +5 −12
∴ √12 + 5i = ± ( +i )
2 2

5 i 1
= ±( + ) = ± (5 + i)
√2 √2 √2

−−−−−−
and √12 − 5i =
−−−−−−−−− −−−−−−−−−
2 2 2 2
√12 +5 +12 √12 +5 −12
√ −i√
±( )
2 2

5 i
= ±( − )
√2 √2

1
= ± (5 − i)
√2

−−−−−− −−−−−−
∴ √12 + 5i + √12 − 5i

1
= ± (5 + i + 5 − i)
√2

10 –
= ± = ±5√2
√2

10. (a) 25
Explanation:
−−−−−−−
We have, √−7 − 24i = x - iy
2 2
On squaring both sides, we get -7 - 24i = x - y - (2xy)i
 On equating real and imaginary parts, we get
x2 - y2 = -7 and 2xy = 24
2 2 −−−−− −− −−−
∴ x + y = √49 + 576 = √625 = 25
11.
(d) i only
Explanation:
x3 - 8 = 0
⇒ (x - 2) (x
2 + 2x + 4) = 0
x = 2, 2ω, 2ω2
Where, ω =
−1+√3i

Hence, roots are non-collinear and will lie on a circle of 2 unit radius.
12.
(d) Both I and II
Explanation:
We have, z 2
= i z̄ ...(i)
2
⇒ |z| = |i z̄ |
2
⇒ |z| = |z| [∵ |z̄ | = |z|]
⇒ |z|2 - |z| = 0
⇒ |z|(|z| - 1) = 0
As, z is non-zero complex number.
∴|z| = 1
⇒ |z|
2=1

⇒ z z̄ = 1

1
⇒ z̄ =
z

From Eq. (i), we have

2
z = i z̄

2 1
⇒ z = i
z
3
⇒ z - i = 0 ...(ii)
If z1, z2 and z3 satisfying the Eq. (ii), then
z 1 + z2 + z3 = 0
z 1z 2 + z2 z 3 + z1z 3 = 0
and z1z2z3 = i
We have, z1z2z3 = i
⇒ z1z2z3 is purely imaginary.
∴ Statement I is correct.
and z1z2 + z2z3 + z3z1 = 0
⇒ z1z2 + z2z3 + z3z1 is purely real.
∴ Statement II is correct.
13. (a) 1
Explanation:
We have,
∣ α−β ∣ ∣ α−β ∣
=
∣ ¯
1−αβ ∣ ∣ ¯
αᾱ−αβ ∣
 2
[∵ |α| = 1 ⇒ |α| = 1 ⇒ α ⋅ ᾱ = 1]

∣ ∣
=∣
α−β

¯
α(ᾱ−β ) ∣

∣ ∣
= 1 α−β |α−β|
=
|α| ∣ ¯
ᾱ−β ∣ ¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
|α|| α−β |

=
|α−β|
[∵ | z̄ | = |z|]
|α||α−β|

= |α|
1
=1
[∵ |α| = 1]

14.
(d) ω
Explanation:
We have,
z1985 + z100 + 1 = 0
Let z = w, then
z1985 + z100 + 1 = w1985 + w100 + 1
= w3 × 661 + 2 + w3 × 33 + 1 + 1
2
=w +w+1=0
∴ z = w is one solution of the equation.

15.
(b) 0
Explanation:
lm(z)
−1
arg(z) = tan ( )
Re(z)

−1 0
= tan ( )
1

= tan-10 = 0
–
16. (a) i√3
Explanation:
334 365
1 i √3 1 i √3
4 + 5(− + ) +3(− + )
2 2 2 2

= 4 + 5ω334 + 3ω365
2
= 4 + 5ω + 3 ω
1 i √3 1 i √3
= 4 + 5 (− + ) + 3 (− − )
2 2 2 2

–
= i√3

17.
(c) 0
Explanation:
We have, z 2
= i z̄ ...(i)
2
⇒ |z| = |i z̄ |
2
⇒ |z| = |z| [∵ |z̄ | = |z|]
⇒ |z|2 - |z| = 0
⇒ |z|(|z| - 1) = 0
As, z is non-zero complex number.
 ∴|z| = 1
⇒ |z|
2=1

⇒ z z̄ = 1

1
⇒ z̄ =
z

From Eq. (i), we have

2
z = i z̄

2 1
⇒ z = i
z

⇒ z3 - i = 0 ...(ii)
If z1, z2 and z3 satisfying the Eq. (ii), then
z 1 + z2 + z3 = 0
z 1z 2 + z2 z 3 + z1z 3 = 0
and z1z2z3 = i
Given, z2 = iz̄
Let z = x + iy and z̄ = x - iy
∴ (x + iy)
2 = i(x - iy)
x2 - y2 + 2xiy = xi + y [∵ i2 = -1]
On comparing real and imaginary part, we have
x2 - y2 = +y ...(i)
and 2xy = x ...(ii)
From Eq. (ii),
2y = 1
⇒ y =
1

2
,x=0
When, x = 0
Then, y2 + y = 0
⇒ y=0
or y = -1
When, y = 1

2
, then
3 √3
2
x = ⇔ x = ±
4 2

∴ z = x + iy
z1 = 0+ i(-1) = -i
√3 1 √3 i
z2 = + i = +
2 2 2 2

and z
√3
1
3
= − + i
2 2

Now,
√3 i √3 i
z1 + z2 + z3 = −i + + − +
2 2 2 2

= -i + i = 0
18.
(c) 2
Explanation:
We have,
z1985 + z100 + 1 = 0
Let z = w2, then
z1985 + z100 + 1 = w2(1985) + w2(100) + 1
3970 200 2
 = w3970 + w200 + 1 = w + w2 + 1
So, w2 is also root.
Hence, w and w2 are common roots of both equation.
19.
(b) 2 (cos π

6
+ i sin
π

6
)

Explanation:
–
Let z = √3 + i
−−−−−−−−−−
–
∴ |z| = √(√3)2 + (1)2

−− −−−−
[∵ z = a + ib ⇒ |z| = √a 2
+ b2 ]

−−−− –
= √3 + 1 = √4 =2
Now, amp (z) = tan −1
(
b

a
)

−1 1 π
= tan ( ) =
√3 6

π 1
[∵ tan = ]
6 √3

∴ z = r(cos θ + i sin θ)

π π
= 2 (cos + i sin )
6 6

[∵ r = |z| = 2 and θ = amp(z) = π

6
]
20.
−−−−− −−−−−
(d) √a + ib + √a − ib
Explanation:
−−
2
−−−−
2
2a + 2√a + b

−−−−−−−
= 2a + ib - ib + 2√a 2 2 2
− i b

−−−−−−−−−−−−
= (a + ib) + (a - ib) +2√(a + ib)(a − ib)
−−−−− −−−−− 2
= (√a + ib + √a − ib )

Hence, square root of

−− −−−− −−−−− −−−−−
2 2
2a + 2√a + b = √a + ib + √a − ib

21.
(b) 1
Explanation:
We know, z = x + iy, then
z−1 x+iy−1 (x−1)+iy
= =
z+1 x+iy+1 (x+1)+iy

=
[(x−1)+iy]×[(x+1)−iy]

[(x+1)+iy]×[(x+1)−iy]

2 2 2
(x −1)+i(x+1)y−(x−1)yi−i y
= 2 2 2
(x+1) −i y

2 2

=
x −1+y +iy(x+1−x+1)

2
2
(x+1) +y

2 2

=
x −1+y 2iy
+
2 2
2 2
(x+1) +y (x+1) +y

∵ Number is purely imaginary, then

2 2

=0
x −1+y

2 2
(x+1) +y

So, x2 - 1 + y2 = 0

2 2
 ⇒ x 2 + y2 = 1
2 2
x + y = 1

−− −−−−
and |z| = √x 2
+ y
2
=1
Hence, |z| = 1
22.
(c) -sin 3x
Explanation:
(sin x + i cos x)3
3
π π
= [cos( − x) + i (sin − x)]
2 2

3
π π
i( −x) 3i( −x)
2 2
= [e ] = e

π π
= cos 3 ( − x) + i sin 3 ( − x)
2 2

3π 3π
= cos( − 3x) + i sin( − 3x)
2 2

= (-sin3x - i cos3x)
Hence, the real part is -sin3x.
23. (a) 0
Explanation:
Since, |z - 1| = 1 represents a circle whose diameter is a line segment joining the points z
= 0 and z = 2, if z1 lies on a circle, then z1 −2

z1 −0
, i.e. z1 −2

z1
is purely imaginary.
∴ The required value is 0.
24.
(b) 120o
Explanation:
We know that, nth roots of unity represent vertex of a regular polygon in argand plane.
Angle between OP and OQ
2
= arg(ω ) − arg(ω)

o
=
4π

3
−
2π

3
=
2π

3
= 120
25.
(c) 2π

Explanation:
π π 2π
| arg(z)| + | arg( z̄ )| = ∣
∣
∣ + ∣−
∣ ∣
∣ =
∣
3 3 3

26. (a) k2
Explanation:
Given, quadratic equation
x(x + 1) + 1 = 0
2
x + x + 1 = 0 ..(i)
Since, we know that ω, ω are the roots of equation when 2

and ω
−1+√3i −1−√3i
2
ω = =
2 2

⇒ If one of the roots of Eq. (i) is k, then other root will be k2.
27. (a) 2i
Explanation:
 2019 2019
i+√3 i−√3
[ ] + [ ]
2 2

2019 2019
√3 √3
1 1
= [ + i] − [ − i]
2 2 2 2

π π 2019 π π 2019
[cos + i sin ] −[cos − i sin ]
6 6 6 6

2019π 2019π 2019π 2019π

= cos + i sin − cos + i sin
6 6 6 6

[by De-Moivre's theorem, (cos θ ± i sin θ )n = cos nθ ± i sin n θ ]

2019π
= 2i sin
6

3π
= 2i sin(168 × 2π + )
6

3π
= 2i sin
6

[∵ sin (2nπ + θ ) = sin θ , n is an integer]

π
= 2i sin = 2i
2

28.
(d) I only
Explanation:
Suppose z = x + iy
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
I. LHS =
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯ 1 1 1
−1
(z ) = ( ) = =
z z̄ x−iy

RHS = (z̄ ) −1
= (x - iy)-1 = 1

x−iy

LHS = RHS
∴

Hence, it is a correct statement.

-1
II. zz = = 1 z

2 − −−−−− 2 2
and |z| = √x + y = x + y 2 2

∴ zz
-1 ≠ |z|2, hence it is not a correct statement.
29. (a) 1
Explanation:
let z = i2n+1(-i)2n-1
= (i2n+1)(-1)2n-1(i)2n-1
= (-1)[(i)2n+1+2n-1]
= (-)(i4n)
= (-)(i4)n = -(1)n = -1
−−−−−−−−−−
Now, |z| = √(−1) 2 2
+ (0) = 1

30.
(b) a3 + b3
Explanation:
Let α = ω and β = ω 2

Then, xyz = (a + b)(aω + bω 2

) (aω
2
+ bω)

= a3 + b 3
31.
(d) z3
Explanation:
iz =
−1+i√3
= ω
2

⇒ z = (
1

i
) ω = −iω ...(i)
101 103 101 101 103
 101 103 101 101 103
∴ z +i = (-i) ω +i [using Eq.(i)]
2 2
= -iω - i = -i (1+ ω )
= -i(-ω) = iω
Now, (z101 + i103)105 = i105 ω105 = i⋅ω3
= i(iz)3 = i4z3 = z3
32. (a) reciprocal function
Explanation:
2
We have, Im (z + 3i) = 1
Put z = x + iy, then
z2 + 3i = (x + iy)2 + 3i
= x2 - y2 + 2ixy + 3i
= x2 - y2 + i(2xy + 3)
Since, Im (z2 + 3i) = 1
∵2xy + 3 = 1
⇒ 2xy = -2

⇒xy = -1
Which represents a reciprocal function.
33. (a) (1, 1)
Explanation:
We have, (1 + ω)7 = A + Bω
7
2
⇒ (−ω ) = A + Bω

14
⇒ −ω = A + Bω

3
⇒ −ω
2
= A + Bω [∵ ω = 1]
⇒ 1 + ω = A + Bω

On comparing, we get A = 1, B = 1
34. (a) 1
Explanation:
We have, z = 1+2i
2
1−(1−i)

1+2i 1+2i
z = = = 1
1−(1−1−2i) 1+2i

∴ |z| = 1
35. (a) +
−7i

5
8

Explanation:
We have, z = 5+i (5+i)(1−3i)+2(3−i)
2
+ =
3−i 1−3i (3−i)(1−3i)

=
5−15i+i+3+6−2i 14−16i −7 8
= = i +
3−9i−i−3 −10i 5 5

36.
(d) Zero (no solution)
Explanation:
We have, |1- 2i|x = 5x
= 5x
−−−−−−−−−− x
2 2
(√(1) + (−2) )

−−
2
−−−−
2
[∵ |a + ib| = √a + b ]

= 5x
−−−− x
⇒ (√1 + 4 )
 = 5x ⇒ = 5x
– x x

⇒ (√5) 5 2

x
⇒ = x
2

[∵ am = an ⇒ m = n]
x
⇒ x − = 0
2

⇒
x

2
=0⇒x=0
But x is non-zero integral.
∴ Given equation has no solution.
37. (a) 1+i

√2

Explanation:
−−
−
Given, i = √−1
−− −
π π

∴ √i = √e 2 = e
i i
4

π π
= cos + i sin
4 4

1 i 1+i
= + =
√2 √2 √2

38. (a) -2i

Explanation:
We have,
11 11
n n+1 n
∑ (i + i ) = ∑ i (1 + i)
n=2 n=2

11

= (1 + i) ∑ i
n

n=2

= (1 + i)[i2 + i3 + i4 + ... + i11]

= (1 + i)i
10
2 i −1
[ ]
i−1

2 n−1
[∵ a + ar + ar + … + ar

n
r −1
= a( )]
r−1

2 2×4+2
(1+i)i (i −1)
= (i−1)

[∵ i2 = -1]
2
−(1+i)(i −1)
= (i−1)

=
−(1+i)(−1−1) 2(1+i)
=
(i−1) (i−1)

=
2(1+i) i+1
×
(i−1) (i+1)

2
2(i+1+i +i)
= 2
i −1

= = -2i
2(i+1−1+i)

−1−1

39.
(c) Circle
Explanation:
Given, z = x + iy
∴ z̄ = x - iy

∴ z + z̄ = 2x

and |z|2 = x2 + y2
2
 ∴ zz̄ + |z|2 + 4(z + z̄ ) - 48 = 0
(x + iy)(x - iy) + x2 + y2 + 4(2x) - 48 = 0
x2 + y2 + x2 + y2 + 8x - 48 = 0
2x2 + 2y2 + 8x - 48 = 0
x2 + y2 + 4x - 24 = 0
Which represents circle.
40.
(c) ω, ω 2

Explanation:
We have, z3 + 2z2 + 2z+ 1= 0
(z + 1) (z2 + z + 1) = 0
⇒ z + 1 = 0 or z
2+z+1=0

z = -1 or z =
1±√1−4

−1+i√3 −1−i√3 2
= , = ω, ω
2 2

Now, z2017 + z2018 + 1 = 0

On putting z = -1,
LHS = (-1)2017 + (-1)2018 + 1
= -1 + 1 + 1
= 1 ≠ 0 (RHS)
∴ z = -1 is not a root of equation.
On putting z = ω,
LHS = (ω)2017 + (ω)2018 + 1
672 672
3 3 2
= (ω ) ⋅ ω + (ω ) ⋅ ω + 1

2 3
= ω + ω + 1 [∵ ω = 1]

2
[∵ 1 + ω + ω = 0]

= 0 = RHS
∴ z = ω is a root of equation.

On putting z = ω2
LHS = (ω
2017 2018
2 2
) + (ω ) + 1

4034 4036
= ω + ω + 1

1344 1345
3 2 3
= (ω ) ⋅ ω + (ω ) ⋅ ω + 1

2
= ω + ω + 1

= 0 RHS
∴ z = ω
2 is a root of equation.
Hence, ω, ω2 are the common roots of these equations.
41. (a) 2
Explanation:
We have,
3n 3n
−1+i√3 −1−i√3
( ) + ( )
2 2

3n
3n 2
= (ω) + (ω )
 −1+i√3 −1−i√3
2
[∵ ω = ,ω = ( )]
2 2

n 2n
3 3
= (ω ) + (ω )

n 2n
= (1) + (1) [∵ ω 3
= 1]

=1+1=2
42.
(c) The real part of z is zero
Explanation:
Given that, z = −z̄
Let z = x + iy
⇒ (x + iy) = −(x + iy ) ¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯

(x + iy) = -(x - iy) [∵ z = x + iy, z̄ = x - iy]

⇒ (x + iy) = (-x + iy)
⇒ 2x = 0 ⇒ x = 0

Hence, the real part of z is zero.

43. (a) circles
Explanation:
We have,
zz̄ = |z + z̄ |
⇒ IzI
2 = |z + z̄ | [∵ zz̄ = |z|2]
⇒ x
2 + y2 = |x + iy + x - iy| [∵ z = x + iy]
⇒ x
2 + y2 = 2x
⇒ x
2 - 2x + y2 = 0
⇒ (x - 1)
2 - 1 + y2 = 0
⇒ (x - 1)
2 + y2 = 1
Which is a equation of circle.
44.
(c) 2
Explanation:
We have, z = 1 + i
Now, 2

z
=
1+i
2
×
1−i

1−i

2(1−i) 2(1−i)
= 2
=
2 1+1
1 −(i)

2(1−i)
= = 1 − i
2

∴ z +
2

z
= 1 + i + (1 - i)
2
⇒ ∣
∣z +
∣ = |2| = 2
∣
z

45. (a) 4
Explanation:
– 100 99
(√3 + i) = 2 (a + ib)

99
⇒ (−2iω) = 2 (a + ib)
100

99
⇒ 2
100
ω = 2 (a + ib)
−1+√3i
⇒ 2{ } = a + ib
2
 –
⇒a = -1 and b = +√3
∴ a
2 2 2 –
+ b = (-1) + (−√3) = 4 2

46. (a) nπ
Explanation:
Here, z = 1+i sin θ

1−i sin θ

(1+i sin θ)(1+i sin θ)

z =
2 2
1 +sin θ

2
1−sin θ 2i sin θ
= +
2 2
1+sin θ 1+sin θ

When, z is purely real, then

2 sin θ
2
= 0
1+sin θ

⇒ 2sinθ = 0
⇒ sinθ = 0
⇒ θ = nπ, n ∈ I

47.
(c) β ∈ (1, ∞)
Explanation:
Let z = x + iy
Now, we have
z2 + αz + β = 0
⇒ (x + iy)
2 + α(x + iy) + β = 0
⇒ x
2 - y2 + 2ixy + αx + iαy + β = 0 [∵ i2 = -1]
⇒ (x
2 - y2 + αx + β) + (2xy + αy)i = 0

On comparing,
x2 - y2 + αx + β = 0
and 2xy + αy = 0
⇒ x
2 - y2 + αx + β = 0
and (2x + α)y = 0
⇒ x
2 - y2 + αx + β = 0
and 2x + α = 0 [∵ y ≠ 0]
⇒ x
2 - y2 + αx + β = 0
and α = -2x
⇒ x
2 - y2 + αx + β = 0
and α = -2 [∵ Re(z) = 1 = x]
⇒ 1 - y
2 - 2 + β = 0 [∵ x = 1, α = -2]
⇒ β = y
2+1
⇒ β ∈ (1, ∞)

[∵ roots are distinct]

2 2
[∵ y ≥ 0 ⇒ y + 1 ≥ 1]

48.
(d) 0
Explanation:
i2n + i2n + 1 + i2n + 2 + i2n + 3
= i2n(1 + i + i2 + i3)
2n 2n
 = i2n(1 + i - 1 - i) = i2n × 0 = 0
49.
(c) 0
Explanation:
(√3+i)

i+√3 −iω
2 2
= = 2
= −ω
(√3−i)
−i+√3 iω
2

(−√3+i)

and
i−√3 2 −iω
= = = ω
(√3+i) 2
i+√3 iω
2

200 200
i+√3 i−√3
∴ ( ) + ( ) + 1
−i+√3 i+√3

200
2 200
= (−ω ) + ω + 1 = 0

50.
(d) π
Explanation:
−25

We have, z = x + iy = ( 1
−
i
)
√2 √2

π −25 25
π π

= (e −i i π i(6π+ ) i( )
4 4
4 ) = e 4 = e = e

= cos π

4
+ i sin
π

4
=
1
+ i
1

√2 √2

1 1
+i −√2

∴
z−√2
=
1
√2 √2

1
=
1+i−2

1+i−2i
= -1 + 0i
z−i√2
+i( )−i√2
√2 √2

Now, α = tan −1
∣
∣ −1
0
∣
∣ = tan-1(0) = 0
∴ θ (argument) = π - 0 = π
51.
(b) 1

√2

Explanation: α
∵ |e
iα| = 1 = |e-i |
iθ
√1+3∣
∣e ∣
∣
2 1
∴ |z| = = =
−iθ
2√1+1|e | 2 √2 √2

52.
(b) 7
+ i
25
24

25

Explanation:
Given,
2 2
1+2i 1+4i +4i
z = ( ) =
2+i 2
4+i +4i

−3+4i
=
3+4i

Now, multiply (3 - 4i) to the numerator as well as denominator.

(−3+4i) (3−4i)
∴ ×
3+4i 3−4i

2
−9+12i+12i−16i
= 2
9−16i

7+24i
=
25

7 i24
∴ z = +
25 25
53. (a) 2
Explanation:
2
n

We have, ( 1−i

1+i
) = 1 ...(i)

Now,
(1−i) (1−i) 1−i
= ×
1+i 1+i 1−i

=
(1−i)

2 2
1 −(i)

2 2

= 1 +i −2i

1+1

= 1−1−2i

2
= -i
From Eq.(i), (−i) =1
2
n
∴

Suppose we take n = 2, therefore

=1
2
2
(−i)

⇒ (−1)
4
× (i) =1 4

⇒ 1 × 1 = 1, which is true.
54.
(b) − π

Explanation:
We have,
1 1−i 1−i 1 1i
× = = −
1+i 1−i 2 2 2
1 +1

On comparing with x + iy
x =
1

2
, and y = −1

−1

y
−1 −1 2
⇒ θ = tan ( ) = tan ( )
x 1

−1 −π
⇒ θ = tan (−1) =
4

[∵ tan-1(-x) = -tan-1 x]
55.
(d) i
Explanation:
2

We have,
(3+i) 2
9+i +6i 9−1+6i 8+6i
= = =
7−i 7−i 7−i 7−i

=
(8+6i)(7+i) 56+8i+42i+6i
=
2
(7−i)(7+i) 49−i

= 56−6+50i

49+1
=
50+50i

50
= 1 + i,
2
(3+i)
∴ Im(
7−i
) =i

56.
(b) 1
Explanation:
We have,
200 200
√−3 1 1 √3
( − ) ⇒ [− + i]
2 2 2 2

200
π π
= [cos(π − ) + i sin(π − )]
3 3

200
2π 2π
= [cos + i sin ]
3 3

2 /3i 200 400 i/3

 = [e2π/3i]200 = e400πi/3
[∵ cosθ + i sinθ = eiθ ]
200

If 1 (cos is polar form of (

400π 400π √−3 1
+ i sin ) − )
3 3 2 2

Then, r = 1
57.
(c) They form an equilateral triangle
Explanation:
We know that, cube roots of unity are ω, ω , where ω = and ω
−1+i√3 −1−i√3
2 2
=
2 2

Now coordinates of points A, B and C are A(1, 0), B ( and C (− .

−1 √3 −√3
1
,− ) , )
2 2 2 2

As shown in figure below

By distance formula
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2 2
√3 −1
AB = √( − 0) + ( − 1)
2 2

–
= √3

–
Similarly, BC = AC = √3
They form an equilateral triangle.
58.
(c) Im (z) = 0
Explanation:
5 5
√3+i √3−i
z = ( ) + ( )
2 2

5
5 2 2
= (−iω) + (iω ) = −iω + iω

2
= i [ω − ω ]

– –
= i(i√3) = −√3

Re(z) < 0 and Im (z) = 0

59.
(d) nπ
Explanation:
For purely real number
¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
3+2i sin θ 3+2i sin θ
( ) = ( )
1−2i sin θ 1−2i sin θ

3+2i sin θ 3−2i sin θ

⇒ =
1−2i sin θ 1+2i sin θ

⇒ 3 + 8i sinθ - 4sin2θ = 3 - 8i sinθ - 4sin2θ

 ⇒ 16i sinθ = 0
⇒ θ = nπ

60.
(c) 2π

Explanation:
Given, z =
1+i√3

1−i√3

Then, z =
1+i√3 1+i√3
×
1−i√3 1+i√3

2
(1+i√3)
= 2
2 2
1 −i (√3)

[∵ i2 = -1]
1−3+2i√3
=
4

−2 2 √3
= + i
4 4

−1 √3
⇒ z = + i
2 2

Compare, r cos θ + ir sin θ = −1 √3

+ i
2 2

−1 √3
r cos θ = , r sin θ =
2 2

√3

2
–
⇒ tan θ = = −√3
−1

⇒ tanθ = -cot 30o

= tan(90o + 30o)
2π
⇒ tan θ = tan
3

Hence, θ = 2π

61.
(d) 240o
Explanation:
Let z =
1−i√3 1−i√3
×
1+i√3 1−i√3

2
(1−i√3) 1−3−2i√3
= 2
=
2 1+3
1 −(i√3)

−2−2i√3 −1−i√3
= =
4 2

− √3
∣ ∣
–
Now,
y 2
tan θ = ∣
∣
∣ = ∣
∣ ∣ = |√3|
x −1

∣ 2
∣

⇒ θ = 60o
Since, given complex number lies in IIlrd quadrant.
∴ arg(z) = 180
o + 60o = 240o

62.
(d) 1
Explanation:
Given, z = 1+i sin θ

1−i sin θ
, where
−−
−
i = √−1

1+i sin θ |1+i sin θ|

|z| = ∣
∣
∣ =
∣
1−i sin θ |1−i sin θ|

2
√1+sin θ
= = 1
2
√1+sin θ
63.
(b) -6i - 3
Explanation:
Given, x = 1 + i
– 1 i
= √2 ( + )
√2 √2

– π π
= √2 (cos + i sin )
4 4

Now, x6 + x4 + x2 + 1
= x4(x2 + 1) + 1(x2 + 1)
=(x2 + 1) (x4 + 1)
– 2 π π
2 – 4 π π
4
= [(√2) (cos + i sin ) + 1][(√2) (cos + i sin ) + 1]
4 4 4 4

2π 2π 4π 4π
= [2 (cos + i sin ) + 1] [4 (cos + i sin ) + 1]
4 4 4 4

n
[∵ (cos θ + i sin θ) = cos nθ + i sin nθ]

π π
= [2 (cos + i sin ) + 1] [4(cos π + i sin π) + 1]
2 2

= [2(0 + i) +1] [4(-1 + 0) + 1]

= (2i + 1)(-4 + 1)
= -6i - 3
64.
(c) 2(1 - i)
Explanation:
3
25
We have, [i + ( ) ] 18 1

= [-1 + (-i)25]3 = [-1 - i]3 = -[1 + i]3

= -[1 + 3i - 3 - i] = -[-2 + 2i] = 2(1 - i)
65.
(b) 3, -3
Explanation:
(x - iy)(3 + 5i) = 3x + 5xi - 3yi - 5yi2
= 3x + (5x - 3y)i + 5y [∵ i2 = -1]
= (3x + 5y) + (5x - 3y)i ...(i)
Given, (x - iy) ⋅ (3 + 5i) = (−6 − 24i) ¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯

⇒ (3x + 5y) + i(5x - 3y) = -6 + 24i

[using Eq. (i) and z = (a + ib) ⇒ z̄ = (a - ib)]
Comparing the real and imaginary parts on both sides, we get
3x + 5y = -6 and 5x - 3y = 24
Solving the above equations by substitution or elimination method, we get x = 3, Y = -3.
66.
(b) 1
Explanation:
Let z = cos θ+i sin θ

cos θ−i sin θ

| cos θ+i sin θ|

⇒ |z| =
| cos θ−i sin θ|

2
√cos2 θ+sin θ
= = 1
2
√cos2 θ+sin θ
67.
(d) rectangular hyperbola
Explanation:
Let z = x + iy
∴ z
2 - i = (x + iy)2 - i
= x2 + 2xyi + i2y2 - i
= x2 + 2xyi - y2 - i
= x2 - y2 + (2xy - 1)i
Since, Re(z2 - i) = 2
⇒ x
2 - y2 = 2
which represents a rectangular hyperbola.
68.
(d) None of these
Explanation:
We have, |z1| = |z2|
Let z1 = x1 + iy1 and z2 = x2 + iy2
2 2 2 2
∴ x + y = x + y
1 1 2 2

⇒ (x
2
1
− x ) + (y
2
2
2
1
− y )
2
2
=0
⇒ x
2
1
− x
2
2
= 0 or y 2
1
− y
2
2
=0
⇒ x1 = ±x2 or y = ±y 1 2

e.g. Let z1 = 1 + i and z2 = -1 - i

– –
|z1 | = √2 and |z 2| = √2

and
∴ Re(z1 ) ≠ Re(z2 )

Im(z1) ≠ Im(z2) and z1 ≠ z2

69.
(c) i
Explanation:
−−
− 4n+3 41 −257
9
(−√−1 ) + (i + i )

= (-i)4n + 3 +(i + ) [∵ i4 = 1]
9
1

= (-1)4n + 3 (i)4n (i)3 + (i - i)9

= -(1)(-i) + 0 = i
70.
(d) π
Explanation:
We have, arg(ω) = 2π

and arg(ω ) = or arg(ω ) = −

2 4π

3
2 2π

3
2
∴ arg(iω) + arg(iω )

= arg(i) + arg(ω) + arg(i) + arg(ω)2

π 2π π 2π
= + + −
2 3 2 3

π π
= + = π
2 2

71.
(d) 0
 Explanation:
We have,
i1000 + i1001 + i1002+ i1003
= i1000 + [1 + i + i2 + i3]
= i1000[1 + i - 1 - i]
[∵ i2 = -1, i3 = -i]
=0
72. (a)
(2n+1)π

Explanation:
When z is purely imaginary, then
2
1−sin θ
= 0
2
1+sin θ

2
⇒ sin θ = 1

⇒ sin θ = ±1

(2n+1)π
⇒ θ =
2

73.
(c) − 3π

Explanation:
Let z = -1 - i
Now, tan α =
|b| |−1|
=
|a| |−1|

[∵ a = -1, b = -1]
−1 π
∴ α = tan (1) =
4

Since a, b both are negative.

∴ arg(z) = α − π = π

4
− π =
−3π

74. (a) -1
Explanation:
8n+7

Let S = ∑ i
n

n=1

S = i + i2 + i3 + ... + i8n + 7
8n+7
(i) −1
= i[ i−1
]

4(2n+1)+3

= = i[ i −1
]
i−1

3
4n + r r
= i( i −1

i−1
) [∵ i =i ]
2
−i−1 −i −i
= i[ ] =
i−1 i−1

=
1−i

i−1
= -1
75.
(d) Two
Explanation:
−−
−
Given that, i = √−1
To find (i)-2n
 Let i = r(cosθ + i sinθ )
⇒ r = 1, θ = π

π π
∴ i = (cos + i sin )
2 2

-2n
(i) = (cos π π −2n
∴ + i sin )
2 2

= cos( −2nπ

2
) + i sin(
−2nπ

2
)

= cos(nπ) - i sin(nπ)

= (-1)n = {
−1; if n is odd
1; if n is even
76. (a) √3
1

Explanation:
2
Given, x - x + 1 = 0
1±√−3
⇒ x =
2

1±i√3 −1±i√3
= = −[ ]
2 2

2
∴ x = - ω, -ω , where ω is imaginary cube root of unity.
Let α = −ω and β = −ω 2

100 100

Now, ∣∣ ∣
α +β

α
100
−β
100
∣

100 100
2
∣ (−ω) +(−ω ) ∣
= ∣ 100 100
∣
2
∣ (−ω) −(−ω ) ∣

100 200
ω +ω
∣ ∣
=
∣ ω
100
−ω
200 ∣

33 66
3 3 2
∣ (ω ) ⋅ω+(ω ) ⋅ω ∣
= ∣ ∣
33 66
3 3 2
∣ (ω ) ⋅ω−(ω ) ⋅ω ∣

2
ω+ω
∣ ∣ 3
= [∵ ω = 1]
∣ ω−ω
2 ∣

−1
= ∣ ∣ [∵ 1 + ω + ω2 = 0]
∣ ω−ω
2 ∣

∣ ∣
−1 √3 √3
and ω2
1 1
= ∣ ∣ [∵ ω = − + i = − − i
√3 √3
1 1 2 2 2 2
− + i−(− − i)
∣ 2 2 2 2 ∣

∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
−1 −1
= ∣ ∣ = ∣ ∣
√3 √3 2√3
1 1
∣ −
2
+
2
i+
2
+
2
i ∣ ∣ 2
i ∣

100 100
∣ α +β ∣ ∣ −1 ∣ 1
⇒ = =
∣ α
100
−β
100
∣ ∣ √3i ∣ √3