Build a COVID19 Vaccine Tracker Using Python
A PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by
PRASHANT KUMAR
ANMOLDEEP SINGH
OM ANKUR PRAJAPATI
in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN
COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
Chandigarh University
APRIL & 2024
Build a COVID19 Vaccine Tracker Using Python
A PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by
Prashant Kumar (22BCS15537)
Anmoldeep Singh (22BCS15777)
Om Ankur Prajapati (22BCS15926)
in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN
COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
Chandigarh University
April 2024
BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
Certified that this project report "COVID-19 Vaccine Tracker" is the bonafide
work of “Prashant Kumar, Anmoldeep Singh and Om Ankur Prajapati” who
carried out the project work under my supervision.
<<Signature of the Supervisor>>
<<Signature of the HoD>>
SIGNATURE
SIGNATURE
<<Name>>
<<Name of the Head of the Department>>
SUPERVISOR
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT <<Academic Designation>>
<<Department>> <<Department>>
Submitted for the project viva-voce examination held on
INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER
TABLE OF CONTENTS
List of Figures ............................................................................................................................ 7
List of Tables .............................................................................................................................. 8
List of Standards ........................................................................................................................ 9
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................... 11
1.1. Identification of Client/ Need/ Relevant Contemporary issue ...................................... 11
1.2. Identification of Problem ............................................................................................... 11
1.3. Identification of Tasks .................................................................................................... 11
1.4. Timeline ......................................................................................................................... 11
1.5. Organization of the Report ............................................................................................. 11
CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW/BACKGROUND STUDY ............. 12
2.1. Timeline of the reported problem ................................................................................... 12
2.2. Existing solutions ........................................................................................................... 12
2.3. Bibliometric analysis ...................................................................................................... 12
2.4. Review Summary ........................................................................................................... 12
2.5. Problem Definition ......................................................................................................... 12
2.6. Goals/Objectives ............................................................................................................ 12
CHAPTER 3. DESIGN FLOW/PROCESS ....................................................... 13
3.1. Evaluation & Selection of Specifications/Features ........................................................ 13
3.2. Design Constraints ......................................................................................................... 13
3.3. Analysis of Features and finalization subject to constraints .......................................... 13
3.4. Design Flow ................................................................................................................... 13
3.5. Design selection ............................................................................................................. 13
3.6. Implementation plan/methodology ................................................................................ 13
CHAPTER 4. RESULTS ANALYSIS AND VALIDATION .......................... 14
4.1. Implementation of solution ............................................................................................ 14
CHAPTER 5. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK .................................. 15
5.1. Conclusion ...................................................................................................................... 15
5.2. Future work .................................................................................................................... 15
REFERENCES
List of Figures
Figure 4.1 ………………………………………………………………………………….
Figure 4.2 ………………………………………………………………………………….
Figure 4.3 ………………………………………………………………………………….
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1. Identification of Client /Need / Relevant Contemporary issue
The COVID-19 pandemic has emphasized the critical need for efficient vaccination tracking
systems to ensure widespread vaccine distribution and administration. This necessity is
evidenced by:
• Statistics and Documentation: Data from health organizations and government agencies
highlight the severity of the pandemic and underscore the urgency of vaccination efforts.
• Client/Consultancy Problem: Healthcare systems and government entities face the
challenge of implementing large-scale vaccination campaigns, necessitating effective
tracking systems to manage distribution logistics and monitor immunization coverage.
• Surveys and Studies: Feedback from surveys among various stakeholders reveals
concerns regarding vaccine availability, distribution logistics, and vaccine hesitancy,
emphasizing the need for robust tracking solutions.
• Relevant Contemporary Issues: Reports analyzing the socio-economic impact of the
pandemic and assessing vaccine rollout strategies provide insights into the challenges
faced and the potential role of technology in addressing them.
1.2. Identification of Problem
The broad problem that needs resolution is the absence of centralized information on
vaccination centers and available doses, presenting a challenge for individuals in need of
vaccination appointments.
1.3. Identification of Tasks
To address the identified problem effectively, the following tasks are required:
1. Development of a Web-Based Application:
o Design and develop a web-based application, titled "COVID-19 Vaccine Tracker,"
aimed at providing users with access to vaccination center data.
o Implement backend functionalities to retrieve data from public APIs, specifically
targeting vaccination center information based on user input parameters such as
location and date.
o Utilize modern web development technologies and frameworks such as Django or
Flask to create a scalable and efficient application architecture.
2. Integration of Real-Time Data:
o Identify and integrate relevant public APIs, such as the CoWIN API, to access real-
time data on vaccination center availability and vaccine doses.
o Develop automated processes to fetch and update the application's database with
the latest information from external data sources.
o Ensure robust error handling and data validation mechanisms to maintain data
integrity and reliability.
3. Design and Implementation of User-Friendly Interface:
o Design an intuitive and user-friendly interface for the web application, focusing on
ease of navigation and accessibility.
o Incorporate interactive features such as search filters, interactive maps, and
personalized user profiles to enhance user engagement.
o Conduct iterative usability testing with a diverse user base to gather feedback and
iteratively improve the UI/UX design.
1.4. Timeline
• Research and Planning: January 2024
Conduct research on existing vaccination tracking
systems.
Define project requirements and objectives.
Develop a project plan.
• Development and Testing: February - March 2024
Design and develop the web application.
Integrate real-time data from public APIs.
Conduct testing and refine the application.
• Documentation and Reporting: April 2024
Prepare project documentation.
Compile project report.
1.5. Organization of the Report
1. Introduction:
o Provides an overview of the project, including its background, objectives, and
significance.
o Introduces the problem statement and outlines the approach taken to address it.
2. Literature Review:
o Reviews existing literature and research related to vaccination tracking systems.
o Summarizes previous studies, methodologies, and findings in the field.
o Identifies gaps in the current knowledge and justifies the need for the proposed
solution.
3. Design Flow:
o Details the design process and methodology followed in developing the
vaccination tracking system.
o Discusses the evaluation and selection of specifications/features.
o Outlines design constraints and considerations.
o Describes the implementation plan and methodology adopted.
4. Results Analysis:
o Presents the implementation of the solution and its performance.
o Analyzes the results obtained during testing and validation phases.
o Discusses any challenges encountered and their resolutions.
5. Conclusion:
o Summarizes the key findings and outcomes of the project.
o Reflects on the project's achievements in addressing the identified problem.
o Highlights the implications and significance of the findings in the context of
vaccination tracking systems.
6. Future Work:
o Proposes potential areas for further research and development.
o Suggests enhancements and improvements to the current solution.
o Discusses avenues for expanding the application's functionality and impact.
CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW/BACKGROUND STUDY
2.1. Timeline of the reported problem
The need for vaccination tracking systems emerged prominently following the onset of the
COVID-19 pandemic:
• Early 2020:
o With the rapid spread of COVID-19 globally, countries began implementing
vaccination programs as a key strategy to control the pandemic.
• Mid-2020:
o Challenges in vaccine distribution and administration surfaced as countries faced
logistical hurdles, including vaccine shortages, supply chain disruptions, and
coordination issues.
• Late 2020 - Early 2021:
o The rollout of COVID-19 vaccines intensified, necessitating robust tracking
systems to monitor vaccine availability, distribution, and uptake.
• Throughout 2021:
o The importance of vaccination tracking systems became increasingly evident as
countries grappled with variations in vaccine supply, evolving eligibility criteria,
and the need for equitable distribution.
• Present (2022 - 2024):
o Ongoing efforts continue to refine and enhance vaccination tracking systems to
address emerging challenges and ensure the effective delivery of vaccines to the
global population.
2.2. Existing solutions
Governments and organizations worldwide have introduced several web-based platforms and
mobile applications to address the need for vaccination center information and appointment
scheduling:
• Government Portals: Many governments have launched official websites or portals
dedicated to COVID-19 vaccination, offering features such as vaccine center locators,
appointment booking, and eligibility verification.
• Mobile Applications: Several mobile apps have been developed to facilitate vaccine
appointments and provide real-time updates on vaccination center availability and
vaccine doses. These apps often offer features like appointment reminders, vaccination
certificates, and notification alerts.
• Third-party Websites: In addition to official government platforms, third-party websites
and platforms have emerged to aggregate vaccination center data and provide users with
comprehensive information on vaccine availability, eligibility criteria, and appointment
booking.
• Integration with Health Systems: Some existing healthcare systems and electronic
medical record (EMR) platforms have incorporated vaccination tracking functionalities,
allowing healthcare providers to manage vaccination records and schedule appointments
for their patients.
• Social Media and Messaging Platforms: Social media platforms and messaging apps
have been used to disseminate information about vaccination centers, appointment
availability, and vaccination campaigns, leveraging their widespread reach and
communication channels.
These existing solutions highlight the diverse approaches taken to address the need for
vaccination tracking and appointment scheduling, with a focus on accessibility, usability, and
real-time information dissemination.
2.3. Bibliometric analysis
The analysis of literature indicates a prevalent use of APIs and data scraping techniques for
collecting vaccination center data for public access. This approach offers several key features,
effectiveness, and drawbacks:
• Key Features:
o Accessibility: APIs provide a standardized method for accessing vaccination
center data, allowing developers to retrieve information programmatically and
integrate it into various applications and platforms.
o Real-Time Updates: APIs facilitate the retrieval of real-time data, ensuring that
users have access to the latest information on vaccination center availability,
appointment scheduling, and vaccine doses.
o Customization: Developers can tailor API requests to retrieve specific data fields
or filter results based on user preferences, enhancing the usability and relevance of
the information presented to users.
• Effectiveness:
o Efficiency: APIs offer an efficient means of accessing and retrieving vaccination
center data, streamlining the process of information dissemination and reducing
the manual effort required for data collection and updating.
o Accuracy: By directly accessing official data sources, APIs provide reliable and
up-to-date information on vaccination center locations, operating hours, and
vaccine availability, enhancing the accuracy and reliability of the information
presented to users.
o Scalability: APIs support scalability, allowing developers to accommodate
growing user demand and adapt to changes in data volume or structure without
compromising performance or reliability.
• Drawbacks:
o Dependency: Relying solely on external APIs for data access introduces a
dependency on third-party services, making the application vulnerable to
disruptions or changes in API availability or functionality.
o Data Limitations: APIs may impose limitations on data access, such as rate
limits or data usage restrictions, which can constrain the application's ability to
retrieve and display information, particularly during periods of high demand.
o Data Quality: The quality and completeness of data obtained through APIs may
vary depending on the source and data collection methods, potentially leading to
inaccuracies or inconsistencies in the information presented to users.
Overall, while APIs and data scraping techniques offer significant advantages in
accessing vaccination center data for public access, careful consideration of their key
features, effectiveness, and drawbacks is essential to ensure the reliability, usability, and
scalability of the solution.
2.4. Review Summary
The literature review reveals that existing solutions for vaccination tracking often lack
comprehensive coverage and real-time updates, highlighting critical gaps in the current
landscape. These deficiencies underscore the need for an improved vaccination tracking
system, which serves as the focal point of the project at hand.
By synthesizing insights from the literature review, it becomes evident that the project's
objectives align closely with the identified shortcomings of existing solutions. The
project aims to address these deficiencies by developing a robust vaccination tracking
system that offers comprehensive coverage of vaccination centers and provides users
with real-time updates on vaccine availability, appointment scheduling, and other relevant
information.
Through the implementation of advanced technologies, such as APIs and data scraping
techniques, the project seeks to overcome the limitations of existing solutions and deliver
a more effective and user-friendly vaccination tracking platform. By linking the findings
of the literature review with the project's goals and objectives, the project aims to
contribute to the advancement of vaccination tracking systems and support global efforts
to combat the COVID-19 pandemic.
2.5. Problem Definition
The problem at hand involves addressing the limitations of existing vaccination tracking
systems, which often lack user-friendliness and real-time data updates. Specifically, the
project aims to develop a web application that overcomes these deficiencies by providing
users with intuitive access to comprehensive vaccination center information and timely
updates on vaccine availability.
What is to be done:
1. Develop a User-Friendly Web Application: Create a web-based platform that
offers a seamless and intuitive user experience, allowing users to easily locate
vaccination centers, schedule appointments, and access real-time updates on
vaccine availability.
2. Integrate Real-Time Data Updates: Implement mechanisms to retrieve and
display real-time data from public APIs, ensuring that users have access to the
latest information on vaccination center operations, vaccine doses, and
appointment slots.
3. Enhance Accessibility and Usability: Design the application with accessibility
features and user-friendly interfaces to cater to diverse user demographics and
technological proficiency levels.
4. Ensure Reliability and Accuracy: Implement robust data validation and
verification processes to ensure the reliability and accuracy of information
presented to users, thereby building trust and confidence in the application.
2.6. Goals/Objectives
1. Develop a Robust Backend System:
o Objective: Create a backend system capable of retrieving vaccination center data
from public APIs reliably and efficiently.
o Key Milestones:
▪ Establish connection with relevant public APIs.
▪ Implement data retrieval mechanisms to fetch vaccination center
information.
▪ Ensure data integrity and reliability through thorough validation processes.
2. Design an Intuitive User Interface:
o Objective: Design a user-friendly interface that enables users to search for
vaccination centers based on location and date easily.
o Key Milestones:
▪ Prototype and wireframe user interface designs for feedback and iteration.
▪ Implement responsive design principles for compatibility across devices.
▪ Integrate intuitive search functionality and filters for enhanced user
experience.
3. Implement Real-Time Updates:
o Objective: Implement real-time updates for vaccine availability and appointment
scheduling to provide users with timely information.
o Key Milestones:
▪ Develop mechanisms to continuously monitor and update vaccination
center data in real-time.
▪ Integrate notification systems to alert users of changes in vaccine
availability or appointment slots.
▪ Conduct thorough testing to ensure the reliability and accuracy of realtime
updates.
4. Ensure Validation and Measurement:
o Objective: Establish criteria for validating and measuring the project's success in
meeting its objectives.
o Key Milestones:
o Define performance metrics, such as response times and data accuracy, for
backend system evaluation.
o Conduct usability testing and gather user feedback to assess the effectiveness of
the user interface design.
o Track user engagement metrics, such as search queries and appointment bookings,
to measure the application's impact and usability.
CHAPTER 3
DESIGN FLOW/PROCESS
3.1. Evaluation & Selection of Specifications/Features
1. Identification of Key Features:
o Location-Based Search: Allow users to search for vaccination centers based on
their location, enabling convenient access to nearby centers.
o Date Selection: Enable users to specify a date for their vaccination appointment,
facilitating advanced planning and scheduling.
o Real-Time Data Updates: Implement mechanisms to provide users with real-time
updates on vaccine availability, appointment slots, and center operations.
2. Evaluation of Design Options:
Scalability: Assess design options to ensure the scalability of the system, allowing
it to handle a growing user base and increasing data volumes without
compromising performance.
Performance: Evaluate design choices to optimize system performance,
minimizing response times and ensuring smooth navigation and data retrieval.
3.2. Design Constraints
1. Compliance with Data Privacy Regulations:
o Requirement: Ensure that the vaccination tracking system complies with data
privacy regulations, such as GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation) or
HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act), to protect user
privacy and confidentiality.
o Consideration: Implement robust data encryption, access controls, and
anonymization techniques to safeguard sensitive user information and adhere to
regulatory requirements.
2. Integration with External APIs for Data Retrieval:
o Requirement: Integrate with external APIs provided by relevant health authorities
or government agencies to retrieve vaccination center data and real-time updates.
o Consideration: Ensure compatibility and interoperability with external APIs by
following API documentation and standards, such as RESTful API design principles.
Handle API rate limits and error responses gracefully to maintain system reliability
and stability.
3.3. Analysis of Features and finalization subject to constraints
In this phase, the project team will conduct a thorough analysis of the identified features and
refine the feature set based on technical feasibility and user requirements, taking into account the
constraints imposed by regulatory compliance and external integrations.
1. Refinement of Feature Set:
o Review each identified feature in light of technical feasibility, considering factors
such as resource availability, development complexity, and compatibility with
existing infrastructure.
o Evaluate user requirements and feedback to prioritize features that offer the most
value to users while aligning with project objectives.
o Identify features that may pose challenges or conflicts with regulatory constraints
or external API integrations and propose alternative solutions or modifications as
needed.
2. Finalization Subject to Constraints:
o Assess the impact of design constraints, such as data privacy regulations and API
integration requirements, on the feature set.
o Remove features that cannot be implemented within the constraints or pose
significant risks to compliance and system stability.
o Modify features to address constraints while still meeting user needs and project
objectives effectively.
o Add features that enhance the user experience or address critical gaps identified
during the analysis, ensuring alignment with project goals and constraints.
3.4. Design Flow
• User flow diagrams depicting navigation paths within the application.
• System architecture design outlining backend components and data flow..
3.5. Implementation plan/methodology
• Agile development methodology with iterative sprints for feature implementation.
• Continuous integration and testing to ensure code quality and reliability.
CHAPTER 4
RESULTS ANALYSIS AND VALIDATION
4.1. Implementation of solution
The implementation phase of the COVID-19 Vaccine Tracker project involved the utilization of
modern tools and techniques across various stages, ensuring the successful development and
deployment of the web application. Key aspects of the implementation process include:
1. Analysis:
o Utilized data analysis tools to assess requirements and identify key features for the
vaccination tracking system.
o Conducted market research and analyzed existing solutions to inform design
decisions and feature prioritization.
2. Design Drawings/Schematics/Solid Models:
o Created design diagrams and wireframes using modern design tools such as Figma
or Adobe XD.
o Developed system architecture diagrams and flowcharts to visualize the backend
components and data flow of the application.
3. Report Preparation:
o Prepared project documentation, including requirements specifications, design
documents, and user manuals, using collaborative tools like Google Docs or
Microsoft Word.
o o Generated reports to track project progress, document implementation details,
and communicate with stakeholders.
4. Project Management and Communication:
o Implemented project management tools such as Trello or Asana to organize tasks,
track progress, and manage team collaboration.
o Utilized communication platforms like Slack or Microsoft Teams for real-time
communication and collaboration among team members.
5. Testing/Characterization/Interpretation/Data Validation:
o Conducted rigorous testing of the web application to ensure functionality,
performance, and security.
o Employed automated testing tools like Selenium or Jest for unit testing,
integration testing, and end-to-end testing.
o Validated data accuracy and reliability through data validation techniques and
interpreted test results to identify and address issues.
Fig. 4.1
Fig. 4.2
Fig. 4.3
CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK
5.1. Conclusion
The COVID-19 Vaccine Tracker project has successfully achieved its objectives and
demonstrated the feasibility of developing an effective vaccination tracking system to facilitate
vaccine distribution and administration. Throughout the project lifecycle, several key outcomes
and observations have been noted:
1. Expected Results:
o Development of a user-friendly web application for tracking vaccination centers
and available doses.
o Integration of real-time data updates from public APIs to provide users with
accurate and up-to-date information.
o Implementation of intuitive user interface features for easy navigation and
appointment booking.
2. Deviation from Expected Results:
o While the project met its primary objectives, there were some challenges
encountered during implementation.
o Integration with external APIs posed technical challenges, requiring additional
troubleshooting and development effort.
o Initial user feedback highlighted areas for improvement in user experience and
feature enhancements.
3. Reasons for Deviation:
o Technical complexities associated with API integration and data synchronization
contributed to delays in development.
o Limited resources and time constraints impacted the depth of feature
implementation and testing.
o User preferences and expectations evolved over time, necessitating ongoing
iterations and updates to the application.
In conclusion, the COVID-19 Vaccine Tracker project has made significant strides in addressing
the need for a comprehensive vaccination tracking system. While deviations from expected
results were encountered, they provided valuable insights and opportunities for further
refinement and enhancement. Moving forward, continued collaboration with stakeholders and
ongoing development efforts will ensure the continued success and effectiveness of the
vaccination tracking system in combating the COVID-19 pandemic.
5.2. Future work
As the project progresses, several avenues for future work and enhancements have been
identified to further improve the vaccination tracking system:
1. Integration with Government Databases:
Explore opportunities to integrate with government databases for centralized
o
vaccination tracking.
o Collaborate with relevant authorities to access official vaccination data,
ensuring accuracy and completeness.
o Implement mechanisms to synchronize data between the application and
government databases, providing users with comprehensive and up-to-date
information.
2. Enhancement of User Interface Features:
o Continuously iterate on the user interface design to enhance accessibility
and user experience.
o Conduct user testing and gather feedback to identify areas for improvement,
such as optimizing screen layouts, improving navigation paths, and adding
interactive elements.
o Incorporate accessibility features, such as screen reader support and
highcontrast modes, to ensure inclusivity for all users.
These future work initiatives will contribute to the ongoing evolution and refinement of
the vaccination tracking system, enabling it to better serve the needs of its users and adapt
to changing requirements and technological advancements.
REFERENCES
1. "COVID-19 Vaccine Tracker." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
[Link]/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/distributing/[Link].
2. Python Software Foundation. "Python." [Link].
3. "COVID-19 Data Repository by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE)
at Johns Hopkins University." GitHub, [Link]
4. Reif, Denny. "How to Build a COVID-19 Dashboard in Python." Towards Data Science,
27 May 2020, [Link]
python-5b0b68c19a6e.
5. Bhartiya, Swapnil. "Building a COVID-19 Dashboard: Using Plotly Dash and Dash
Bootstrap Components." [Link], 16 April 2020, [Link]
tutorials/building-a-covid-19-dashboard-using-plotly-dash-and-dash-bootstrap-
components/.
6. Chukwudozie, Chukwuma. "COVID-19 Vaccine Tracker: A Python Project."
GeeksforGeeks, 20 February 2021, [Link]
tracker-a-python-project/.
7. "Creating a COVID-19 Vaccine Tracker Using Python." GitHub Gist,
[Link]
8. Choudhary, Anubhav. "Build Your Own COVID-19 Vaccine Tracker Using Python and
BeautifulSoup." Medium, 17 May 2021, [Link]
covid-19-vaccine-tracker-using-python-and-beautifulsoup-7888b7e48106.
9. Preet, Pulkit. "COVID-19 Vaccine Tracker Using Python." GeeksforGeeks, 28 February
2021, [Link]
10. "COVID-19 Vaccine Tracker Project." DataFlair, [Link]
19-vaccine-tracker-project/.