Basic School Emmiragaia

NATURAL SCIENCES

4th Knowledge Assessment Sheet - 7th E

Academic Year 2015/2016 DATA:

____ / ___ / 2016

THEME: ASROCHAS.
Name No. Classification
Enc.
Prof.
Educ. (Helena Guimarães)
Read all the questions carefully and respond clearly and completely to what is asked of you.
Good job!

1. Observe the images of the rock samples presented below.

Basalto Riólito Gabro Granito

1.1 Classify the following statements as true (V) or false (F).

All rocks resulted from the consolidation of magma.

The riólito is a plutonic rock.
Gabro and granite resulted from the slow solidification of magma at depth.
In basalt, the crystals are not visible to the naked eye.
Gabro is a volcanic rock.

1.2 Select the option that correctly classifies the statements.

I. Basalt and rhyolite have the same texture.

II. Gabro and granite have the same mineralogical composition. F
III. Basalt and gabbro have the same mineralogical composition but solidified in different locations.
C different.V

All statements are true.

( ) (B) Statements I and II are true; III is false.
Statements I and III are true; II is false.
( ) (D) Statement II is true; I and III are false.
 2. Observe the following figure, related to the metamorphic environment.

2.1 Select the option that correctly classifies the statements.

I. The heat produced by the magma metamorphoses the existing rocks there.
II. In X, the rocks exhibit foliation due to the action of high pressures and temperatures.
III. Em Y there is regional metamorphism, resulting from the collision of two tectonic plates.
C
( ) (A) All statements are true.
I and II are true; III is false.
( ) (C) Statements I and III are true; II is false.
( ) (D) Statement II is true; I and III are false.

2.2 Complete the following table, identifying the texture of the rocks represented below and the
likely location of formation of the illustration (X, Y).

Rocks Texture Training location

Gneiss foliada X

Marble crystalline Y

Gnaisse Mármore

3. Classifica como verdadeiras (V) ou falsas (F) as afirmações seguintes.

Metamorphic rocks form in the interior of the lithosphere.

A metamorphic rock can undergo metamorphism.
The schist is a rock with a foliated texture, resulting from a more significant action of
temperature relative to pressure.
4. Images A, B, and C represent different samples of hand of some rocks from our country.

A B C

4.1 Classify, according to origin, each type of rock.

A-Rock Magmatic Volcanic
B-Sedimentary Rock
C-Metamorphic Rock

4.2 Refer to the factors that determine the appearance of the rocks in sample C.
Any type of rocks can undergo changes inside the Earth due to an increase in
temperature and pressure. It can originate a recrystallization of the already existing crystals in the
rock, usually due to an increase in temperature, or there may be a reorientation of
crystals, due to the action of increased pressure, as was the case with sample C.

4.3 Explain how the rock of sample A is formed.

Sample A resulted from a rapid solidification of magma on the Earth's crust surface.
having no time for crystal formation. Possibly its solidification occurred within
of water, given the porous aspect of the rock, with rapid emission of the gases contained in the lava,

originating a very light rock.

4.4 Rank from 1 to 5, the phases in chronological order, considering the formation of rock B. .

Diagenesis Sedimentation Transportation Erosion Weathering

5 4 3 2 1

5. The following diagram represents the rock cycle.

5.1 Match the letters

present in the caption of the diagram and the

following designations.

I. Magmatic rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
(D) III. Metamorphic Rocks
(B) IV. Sediments
5.2 Select the option that correctly completes the following sentence.

The rock [...] can display texture [...] if the solidification occurs at depth.

(X) (A) […] A […] granular […]

( ) (B) […] A […] agranular […]
( ) (C) […] D […] granular […]
( ) (D) […] D […] agranular […]

5.3 Com base na figura, classifica como verdadeiras (V) ou falsas (F) as afirmações seguintes.

(V) (A) The rock C resulted from a process of diagenesis of the sediments, represented by
digit 1.
B can be originated from any type of rock.
(V) (C) If rock C is limestone, rock D will be marble.
The digits 2, 3, and 4 represent the increase in Pressure and Temperature.
Rocks A, C, and D can be, respectively, granite, gneiss, and limestone.

5.4. Select with an X the option that correctly completes the following
affirmations.

5.4.1 The C rocks can be originated from...

A. from any pre-existing rock.
B. only from igneous rocks. _____
C. only of sedimentary rocks.
[Link] of metamorphic rocks.

5.4.2 In the process of transforming rock C into rock D, there was no...
[Link] in temperature and decrease in pressure.
B. decrease in pressure and temperature.
[Link] in pressure and temperature.X
The decrease in temperature and increase in pressure.

5.4.3 For the rocks D to originate from the rocks A, it is necessary...

To decrease the temperature and increase the pressure inside the Earth.
B. occur the crystallization of rocks D. _____
[Link] rocks D hitting the surface of the Earth. _____
D. occurrence of the fusion of the rocks D. X
6. As shown in the figure, all rocks are continuously transformed in Nature, according to
a set of geological processes.

Classify each of the statements as true ( V) or false(F).

(V)- Magmatic rocks result from the cooling of magma.

(F)- Only sedimentary rocks undergo weathering.
(F)- Metamorphic rocks result from diagenesis.
(V)- When a rock is exposed to the surface, it becomes subject to changes.
(F)- The sediments originate exclusively from sedimentary rocks.
(V)- Magmatic rocks originate metamorphic rocks through increased pressure and temperature.
(F)- The pressure and temperature decrease with depth.
(F)- By fusion, magma originates metamorphic rocks.

7. Complete the following sentences with the most appropriate terms chosen from the key that is provided.
follow:

SNOW DUNES MAN INCLINED VOLCANIC AGENTS WOOD LIMESTONE SLABS

["PHYSICAL","WIND","PYROCLASTICS","PRISMATIC","DOMES","RAIN","METAMORPHIC","CLIFFS"]

LANDS WRINKLED CÁRSICO SEDIMENTARY CHEMISTRY AZORES MAGMATIC

Magmatic landscapes can be subdivided into granitic landscapes and basaltic landscapes.
basaltic landscapes are typical of volcanic regions, such as the archipelagos of Madeira and the
AZORES. In these landscapes, volcanic cones and fertile lands can be highlighted.
agriculture, the boilers and the prismatic disjunctions. The sedimentary landscapes can be very
diversified, which largely depends on the type of existing rock, but also on the AGENT
predominantly erosive. The KARSTIC modeling is the typical relief of limestone regions that results from
Chemical alteration of limestone, caused by the infiltration of rainwater. The DUNES are
sand constructions built by the WIND, very frequent in coastal regions in general, and in the
desert regions. Metamorphic landscapes are characterized by the existence of rocks, as a general rule,
intensely WRINKLED as are, for example, the mountain ranges.

The great diversity of landscapes that surrounds us is conditioned by the type of rock, by the climate,
by erosive agents and human activity.
 8.1. Classify the following statements as true (T) or false (F) regarding
represented landscapes.

The landscape B is of the plutonic magmatic type.

The landscape C is characterized by presenting deformed rocks, which may have
leafing
The landscape A is of the plutonic magmatic type.
Basalt is characteristic of landscape B.
The landscape C is sedimentary.

8.2. Correct, without using the negative, the statements you considered false in 8.1.
The landscape B is of the volcanic magmatic type.
The landscape C is metamorphic.

9. Observe the following images and answer the questions.

9.1. Select the option (A to D) that correctly classifies the statements (I to III).

I. The landscape A is sedimentary and predominantly made up of sand.

II. All the figures represent sedimentary landscapes.
III. In landscape B, the cave resulted from the dissolution of limestone due to the action of rainwater.

( All statements are true.

( Statements I and II are true and III is false.
Statements I and III are true and II is false.
( The statement I is true and II and III are false.

10. The geological landscapes existing in our country are very diverse. In the figure there are
represented four Portuguese geological landscapes.

Viana do Castelo
Island of Faial

Mira d'Aire Mountain Range

Serra da Estrela

10.1 Identify the geological landscapes represented in the figure.

 I. Sedimentary landscape - dunes III. Plutonic granite magmatic landscape - chaos of
blocks
II. Basaltic volcanic magmatic landscape IV. Sedimentary landscape - caves

10.2 Assign to each of the statements, from A to G, the number of the landscape in the figure that corresponds to it.

corresponds.
[Link] characteristic is [Link]
B. Formed by rocks of chemical origin. IV
The main agent of transport and sedimentation is the wind.
Basalt is the characteristic rock.
E. Formed by detrital sedimentary rocks.
It is common for there to be chaos of blocks.
It is located in volcanic areas.

10.3 Put in chronological order the events responsible for the formation of
landscape IV. C– D–A– E-B
A. Precipitation of limestone transported by water when it enters a cave.
[Link] of columns.
The rainwater mixes with atmospheric carbon dioxide, becoming acidic.
Dissolution of limestone rocks that are found near the surface.
E. Formation of stalactites on the ceiling of the cave and stalagmites at the base of the cave.

10.4 Explain the formation of the landscape marked with the number III.
Due to acid rain, the feldspar and mica minerals in granite undergo chemical erosion.
by dissolution, small grooves opening on the surface. Over the years, these grooves will
being deeper, as the temperature differences break the rocks, the water of
water trapped in the grooves can freeze and break the granite more and more, forming
diaclases. The wind carries seeds and small animals that settle and continue the
erosive process. Blocks are then formed that, in an unstable equilibrium, can collapse.
yes, forming the typical block chaos.

11. Classifica cada uma das afirmações como verdadeira (V) ou falsa (F).
( V )- [Link] paisagens magmáticas variam consoante o tipo de rocha existente.
( V ) Granite rocks give rise to block chaos.
( F )- The chaotic landscape of blocks is formed by the accumulation of transported sediments.

by the wind.
( F )- In Portugal, there is no evidence of basaltic landscapes.
( F )- The lapiaz fields are formed by the dissolution of granite.
( F )- The prismatic disjunction of basalt occurs due to erosion.
( V )- The dunes are a common geological landscape in Portugal.
( F ) The
- geological landscapes are immutable.
12. The following images illustrate the various applications of rocks in our daily lives.

A B C D

E F

12.1 Identify the rock that serves as raw material for each of the applications
represented.

A — limestone and black/basalt limestone B —shale C — clay

D - marble E —granite F - sand

13. Analyze the document and answer the questions.

13.1. Justify the location of the marble extraction quarries in the region of Borba and Vila
Viçosa.
It is in this region of Alentejo that this type of metamorphic rocks can be found, which is why it is there.

where the respective quarries for rock extraction are located.

13.2. Refers to the reason why the transformation of marble quarry debris into
marmorite can be considered a solution to the environmental problem associated with these
quarries.
By making use of waste marble, producing marmorite, it will be
a way to monetize all the extracted rock and also create a source of revenue
economic for the country, minimizing the environmental impact of marble accumulation that
was not utilized.