Comprehensive Hardware Classification Guide
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ScribdTranslationsComprehensive Hardware Classification Guide
Uploaded by
ScribdTranslationsHARDWARE CLASSIFICATION
It is generally classified into Input Peripherals, Output, Input and Output; and
Storage. Understanding a peripheral as anything that connects to a PC to
optimize its operation.
The basic hardware in computers is generally 4: monitor, CPU, mouse, keyboard.
The complementary hardware in computers is any that is not included in the
previous ones such as: printer, digital video camera, scanner, etc.
Peripheral Or Input Devices:
They are the ones that allow the user to provide external information. These
Son:
Camera, etc.
Scanner
Mouse
Keyboard
Microphone
Webcam
Barcode scanner
Joystick
Stylus
Output Devices or Peripherals:
They are the ones that show the user the result of the operations performed by the PC.
this group is found:
Printer
Screen or Monitor
Speakers
Headphones
Peripherals Or Input/Output Devices:
They are devices that can simultaneously provide external information to the PC and the
user. Here are:
Touch monitor
CD Rom
DVD Rom
Floppy disk drive
Modem (Modulator/Demodulator) or Fax Modem
Network card
Port drivers (serial, parallel, etc.)
The last three are also called Communication Devices.
Storage Devices
They are the elements where computer information can be stored. Here
they are found:
Disquet
φ CD
DVD
USB flash drives (flash disks, pendrives, etc.)
Internal and external hard drive
TYPES OF HARDWARE
BASICS: within this classification, the different types ofhardwarewhat
are essential for any PC to function according to the needs of the
user. Within the basic hardware, the following variants are identified:
Peripherals: The term peripheral refers to all those devices that
contains a PC for the externalization or input of data and information. Those who
Devices that allow the externalization of data or information are called peripherals.
Outputs are those that allow the exit of information, while inputs are those that allow the entry of information.
In addition to these, there are mixed peripherals that perform both functions at the same time.
time. Some of the most commonly used peripherals are as follows:
Keyboard: through this hardware, the user can input commands to the PC.
to carry out a specific task or as a tool for writing. Each
The keyboard has all the letters of the alphabet, with symbols of all kinds and with keys.
that perform specific functions such as Enter, Shift, or Escape. Due to their
characteristics and functions, the keyboard is defined as a device for
keyboard, since it is used to input information or give commands to the PC.
Monitor: another essential device in any computer is the monitor, since it
allows the user to visualize the tasks they are performing and how they are progressing
performing the computer. Some monitors are also touch, which allows you to
User to input information and give commands to the PC through it. In case of
Given this last characteristic, this hardware can be considered mixed since
allows the entry and exit of information. Those that are not touch, are only
input devices.
Mouse: this device, which in Spanish is called 'ratón', allows you to give commands to the
computer through the clicks that can be made through its buttons.
In addition, the mouse can be used to select texts, move icons, or open
folders, among other things. In this way, the mouse is considered a device of
entry.
Speakers: through them, the user is able to hear the sounds that come from the
PC. Thanks to these, the PC can be used to listen to music, watch movies, or even
maintain oral conversations with other users. Since they are limited to emitting sound,
these devices are output only.
Microphone: unlike the previous hardware, this one allows the input of voice or
any other sound to the computer, either to record it, to give orders to the PC or
even to be able to hold conversations with other users. Due to their characteristics,
this is an input device.
Printer: thanks to this device, users are able to print on paper those
images or texts that are on your computer screen. These artifacts
they can print in black and white or in color and they can also use different types of
paper, depending on what the user requires, even photographic paper. Since
they only allow the output of information, this device is for output.
Scanner: in contrast to the previous hardware, this device allows you to enter the computer
information that is printed on paper or other material. Thanks to this, the
User can edit what was printed or store it on their PC. This makes
that it is an input device.
Webcam: also known as a web camera, this device allows the user to
filming oneself or the environment in which one finds themselves, while maintaining a
conversation with another user. In this way, the webcam is considered a device
to begin with.
DVDoCD: it refers to storage discs that allow the transfer of
information that is on the PC to that device or vice versa, transfer
information found on the DVD or CD to the PC. In this way, the CDs or DVDs are
considered mixed devices.
USB memory: it is a mass storage device, which is also
considered mixed since it allows entering or extracting data and information from a
determined computer.
Microprocessor: it is the circuit that makes up the CPU and has among its
main functions the execution of programs. Through it, the
processing of the information stored on the PC as well as the
management of hardware and software.
Power supply: this device is responsible for providing you with energy.
electric to all those electric circuits that are connected to the PC and
for those for whom energy is essential for them to function.
RAM memory: this memory, which in Spanish is called Access Memory
Random is a basic tool for various programs and the system.
they can carry out their tasks. It is called random access because
Access to the bytes is done without having to access them beforehand.
previous. Within the RAM, two variants are identified: static RAM and RAM
diná[Link] que la segunda debe actualizarse constantemente, la primera no lo
it requires this way. This makes the static be much faster than the dynamic, for
which at the same time has a higher cost in the market. It should be taken into account that the
RAM memory is volatile, which means that once the computer is turned off, its
contents are lost.
ROM Memory: in Spanish called Read-Only Memory, this memory is the
that serves to store those programs that activate the
PC and, at the same time, perform various diagnoses. Just like the memory.
previously, this one is also random. What differentiates them is that, while
that one is for reading and writing, this one is only for reading.
Motherboard: this hub, which in Spanish is called 'tarjeta madre' or
the mainboard, is the one responsible for connecting all the basic components of the
computer. Its main tasks are as follows: to perform controls and monitoring of
the PC; timer; transmit data; manage and distribute the electrical power that it
computer requires; to synchronize and physically connect the different components of the
computer.
Cabinet: also known by the acronym CPU, for Central Processing Unit
Storage, this hardware is what maintains and hosts the most devices.
important requirements that the PC needs for its operation. Among others, there are
motherboard, the audio and video plates, the processors, the hard drives and the
optical units. The CPU performs two basic tasks: control and logical-arithmetic.
controls relate to the regulation of all devices that are found
connected to the CPU. Among other things, it controls all those instructions that are
to carry out, in order to be able to execute them. The logics, on the other hand, are those that carry out the
controls of the mathematical calculations made by the arithmetic functions, which have
what to see with subtraction, multiplication, addition, and division.
Processing hardware: these devices have the main function of
interpretation of the instructions they receive. In addition to this, they process data and
calculations. Some examples of hardware of this type are microprocessors as well as
also the chipseat.
Storage hardware: within this group, all those are identified
hardware that allows for the storage of information, whether temporarily or
definitive. Among them are, for example, ROM and RAM memories,
USB memory sticks, CDs, and DVDs, or even the hard drive. The latter is that device
that is part of the computer that stores data even when the computer is off
off. This allows the user to recover everything when turning on the PC.
that was stored previously.
COMPLEMENTARY: within this group, all those devices are identified
that perform specific tasks and are essential for the computer to function.
Among them are the scanner, the printer, the speakers, the microphones, and the webcam.
all of them explained above.