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d-Block Elements and Their Properties

The document discusses d-block elements, their properties, and their classification as transition elements due to their incompletely filled d subshells. It outlines general trends in atomic radius and ionization energy across periods and groups, noting irregularities and specific behaviors of certain elements. Additionally, it highlights the distinction between transition elements and other d-block elements like Zn, Cd, and Hg, which do not exhibit typical transition metal characteristics.

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Shivani Pandey
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16 views6 pages

d-Block Elements and Their Properties

The document discusses d-block elements, their properties, and their classification as transition elements due to their incompletely filled d subshells. It outlines general trends in atomic radius and ionization energy across periods and groups, noting irregularities and specific behaviors of certain elements. Additionally, it highlights the distinction between transition elements and other d-block elements like Zn, Cd, and Hg, which do not exhibit typical transition metal characteristics.

Uploaded by

Shivani Pandey
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

d-BLOCK ELEMENTS AND THEIR COMPOUNDS

Introduction
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Hesiod
se Ti v Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Ge Zn
3dseries 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
FIriod
Y 2 Nb Mo To Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd
AdSeries 3g 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48
FIriod Pt
La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Au
Hg
Sd series 577 72 73 674 75 76 77 78 797 80
FIriod Ac
Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds
Rg Club
Gd series 89 1047405 106 107 108 109 110 III 112

elements d block last electron


In the of
enters into n 1 d subshell

General configuration nst n 1 d


Pd 4G 554110

Transition Elements

A transition element is defined as the one


which has incompletely n 1 d subshell
filled
in its ground state or in
any
one
of its
oxidation States
They are elements because
called transition
their position is in between reactive s block metals
and less reactive metals of p block Their properties
are transitional between s and p block metals
in Da s do or do
subshele

Transition Cn Dd s d to d
elements subshele

Gr 12 elements Zn Cd
Hg of d block
are not considered as transition elements why
ground
41g state g Dd zntz
Cdt
1 do
91
They have a config in ground state as well as in
ox state

QQ Cu Au have completely filled 1


Ag
d subshell still are included in
they How
transition elements
SI Cu Ag Au Gigante n 1 do
cut d9
Agt d
Aut3 d8
General Properties
i Atomic radius

General trend across the peridot

A First size decreases upto near middle


Reason in
inc Zeffective
B Then size remains almost constant
Reason inc innuclear charge is almost
counterbalanced inc in ee
by
repulsion
c size increases in last
Reason e e repulsion dominates

General trend in a
group

3d series
reason
inc in shells
Kdisiries
no
of
Eet almost Reason
same tf poor shielding zeffine
5d series Canthanoid contraction sizecontracts

A
2 Ionisation Energy

General trend across the period ts

to with many
Generally inc from left right
irregularities
General trend in a group 2

except Gr 3 Sc Y La Yasi's
3d series
series
ad series gg sd

In 3d series In d block
Maximum IE 2n [Link] skiable
fg
Least IE so 978 Maximum in each
IE
Maximum IEa a fathom Period is from Gr 12
Maximum I Eg 2n ester Least IE La largestsize

Ni Cu Zn rarely exhibit ox state more than


2 in their compounds
Reason very high IES
Zn no compound where ox no 2
m rarely few amp
kg mop

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