SREE SOWDAMBIKA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERNG

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

CB3491-Cryptography and Cyber Security
2017 Regulation

Course CB3491-Cryptography and Cyber

Code-Title Security

Lecture Tutorial Practical Credit Total

Contact
Hours
Hours
3 0 0 3 45

About the course

Analyze and design classical encryption techniques and block ciphers. Understand and analyze data
encryption standard. Understand and analyze public-key cryptography, RSA and other public-key
cryptosystems. such as Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange, ElGamal Cryptosystem, etc. Understand key
management and distribution schemes and design User Authentication .Protocols. Analyze and design hash
and MAC algorithms, and digital signatures. Design network application security schemes, such as PGP, S/
MIME, IPSec, SSL, TLS, HTTPS, SSH, etc. Know about Intruders and Intruder Detection mechanisms, Types
of Malicious software, Firewall Characteristics, Types of Firewalls, Firewall Location and Configurations.

Course Objective

 Learn to analyze the security of in-built cryptograms.

 Know the fundamental mathematical concepts related to security.
 Develop cryptography algorithms for information security.
 Comprehend the various types of data integrity and authentication schemes
 Understand cyber crimes and cyber security.

Course Outcome

CO1: Understand the fundamentals of networks security, security architecture, threats and
vulnerabilities
CO2: Apply the different cryptographic operations of symmetric cryptographic algorithms
CO3: Apply the different cryptographic operations of public key cryptography
 CO4: Apply the various Authentication schemes to simulate different
applications
CO5: Understand various cyber crimes and cyber security.

SYLLABUS

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO SECURITY 9

Computer Security Concepts – The OSI Security Architecture – Security Attacks – Security
Services and Mechanisms – A Model for Network Security – Classical encryption techniques:
Substitution techniques, Transposition techniques, Steganography – Foundations of modern
cryptography: Perfect security – Information Theory – Product Cryptosystem – Cryptanalysis.
UNIT II SYMMETRIC CIPHERS 9
Number theory – Algebraic Structures – Modular Arithmetic - Euclid‘s algorithm – Congruence and
matrices – Group, Rings, Fields, Finite Fields SYMMETRIC KEY CIPHERS: SDES – Block
Ciphers – DES, Strength of DES – Differential and linear cryptanalysis – Block cipher design
principles – Block cipher mode of operation – Evaluation criteria for AES – Pseudorandom Number
Generators – RC4 – Key distribution.

UNIT III ASYMMETRIC CRYPTOGRAPHY 9

MATHEMATICS OF ASYMMETRIC KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY: Primes – Primality Testing –
Factorization – Euler’s totient function, Fermat’s and Euler’s Theorem – Chinese Remainder
Theorem – Exponentiation and logarithm ASYMMETRIC KEY CIPHERS: RSA cryptosystem –
Key distribution – Key management – Diffie Hellman key exchange -– Elliptic curve arithmetic –
Elliptic curve cryptography.
UNIT IV INTEGRITY AND AUTHENTICATION ALGORITHMS 9
Authentication requirement – Authentication function – MAC – Hash function – Security of hash
function: HMAC, CMAC – SHA – Digital signature and authentication protocols – DSS – Schnorr
Digital Signature Scheme – ElGamal cryptosystem – Entity Authentication: Biometrics, Passwords,
Challenge Response protocols – Authentication applications – Kerberos MUTUAL TRUST: Key
management and distribution – Symmetric key distribution using symmetric and asymmetric
encryption – Distribution of public keys – X.509 Certificates.

UNIT V CYBER CRIMES AND CYBER SECURITY 9

Cyber Crime and Information Security – classifications of Cyber Crimes – Tools and Methods –
Password Cracking, Keyloggers, Spywares, SQL Injection – Network Access Control – Cloud
Security – Web Security – Wireless Security
TOTAL:45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
William Stallings, "Cryptography and Network Security - Principles and Practice", Seventh
Edition, Pearson Education, 2017.
Nina Godbole, Sunit Belapure, “Cyber Security: Understanding Cyber crimes, Computer
Forensics and Legal Perspectives”, First Edition, Wiley India, 2011.

REFERENCES
Behrouz A. Ferouzan, Debdeep Mukhopadhyay, "Cryptography and Network Security", 3rd
Edition, Tata Mc Graw Hill, 2015.
Charles Pfleeger, Shari Pfleeger, Jonathan Margulies, "Security in Computing", Fifth Edition,
Prentice Hall, New Delhi, 2015.

COURSE PLAN: CB3491-CCS

 Cum
Sources
*Mode of ulati
Topic
Topic Name Teaching / ve
No. Chapter Page
ICT Tools Peri
No No
od
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO SECURITY
1 Computer Security Concepts T1 1-3 BB 1

2 The OSI Security Architecture T1 3-5 BB 2

Security Attacks
3 T1 5-9 BB 3

Security Services and 24-

4 T1 BB 4
Mechanisms 26
5 Model for Network Security T1 37- BB 5
Classical encryption techniques: 40-
6 T2 BB 6
Substitution techniques 42
Classical encryption techniques:
42-
7 substitution techniques, T2 BB 7
45
transposition techniques
Transposition techniques, 57-
8 T2 BB 8
Steganography 63
Foundations of modern 65-
9 T2 BB 9
cryptography 69
Product Cryptosystem – 70- 10
10 T2 BB
Cryptanalysis. 72

UNIT II SYMMETRIC CIPHERS

204-
11 Number theory T2 BB 11
214
12 214- 12
Algebraic structures T2 BB
220
338-
13 Modular arithmetic T4 BB 13
348
327-
14 Euclid‟s algorithm T4 BB 14
329
T4 329-
15 Congruence and matrices BB 15
338
Groups, Rings, Fields- Finite 355-
16 T4 BB 16
fields 360
SYMMETRIC KEY CIPHERS:
17 T2 360 BB 17
SDES
Block cipher Principles of DES , 355-
18 T3 BB 18
Strength of DES 360
Differential and linear 361-
19 T3 BB 19
cryptanalysis 367
Block cipher design principles, 368-
20 T3 BB 20
Block cipher mode of operation 379
Evaluation criteria for
380-
21 AES,Advanced Encryption T3 BB 21
382
Standard
RC4 ,Key distribution. 390-
22 T6 BB 22
392
 ASSIGNMENTS 1

[Link] Security Architecture (CO,CO3)

2. playflair martix”meet me at the togo party key: largest to find encrypted and encrypted? (CO1,CO4)

ASSIGNMENTS 2

1. slove gcd (98,56) using extended euclidean algorithm?

2. To find the gcd (826,1890)

CASE STUDIES:

College Code & Name : 9218-SREE SOWDAMBIKA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Department : COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

CASESTUDY QUESTIONS

Last date 09/10/2024

[Link] Team Register No Name of the Student QUESTIONS COS

1. 921822104003 Abinesh P
1. What is the
 2. 921822104004 Anbarasan S
difference
3. Team 1 921822104005 Aravinth A between CREATE/CO5
symmetric and
4. 921822104006 Bala B asymmetric
encryption?
5.
921822104007 Balaji S

6. 921822104008 Bharathiraja R 2. How does the

RSA algorithm
7. Team 2 921822104009 Deepak V work?

8. 921822104010 Dharaneesh L S CREATE/CO5

9. 921822104011 Dharun

10. 921822104013 Hari pragash A

11. 921822104014 Hari prasath G 3. What is a digital CREATE/CO5

signature and
12. 921822104018 Jeeva C how is it used?

13. Team 3 921822104019 Jeyakumar M

14. 921822104020 Jeyasakthi S

15. 921822104022 Kamalesh M R

16. 921822104024 Kaviarasu K 4. What are hash CREATE/CO5

functions and
17. 921822104028 Kumar R why are they
important?
18. Team 4 921822104030 Manikandan A

Mohammed Nazrudeen
19.
921822104033 Z

20. 921822104034 Mutharasu M

21. 921821104023 Nagarajan V 5. Describe the CREATE/CO5

process of key
22. 921821104024 Nanda Kumaran M exchange in
cryptography.
23. Team 5 921821104025 Naveenkumar C

24. 921821104026 Nirmal B

25. 921821104027 Prithiviraj M

6. What are hash CREATE/CO5

functions and
26. 921822104042 Ragu D why are they
important?
27. Team 6 921822104043 Rajesh J

28. 921822104044 Rajkumar M

29. 921822104045 Sakthivel M 7. Explain the CREATE/CO5
concept of
elliptic curve
30. 921822104050 Senthilkumar S cryptography
(ECC).

31. Team 7 921822104059 Yogaraja B 8. How does the CREATE/CO5

Advanced
32. 921822104302 Balakumaran A Encryption
Standard (AES)
33. 9218221040502 Ramana N R S
work?
34. 921822104301 Jeeva Rathinam U

35. 921822104001 Aarthi S 9. Explain the CREATE/CO5

concept of multi-
36. Team 8 921822104002 Abinaya I factor
authentication
37. 921822104012 Gayathri K (MFA).
38. 921822104015 Hemamalini S

39. 921822104016 Iswarya A

40. 921822104017 Jannadhul Pirthous K 10. What is the CREATE/CO5

difference
41. Team 9 921822104021 Kaladevi K between
intrusion
42. 921822104023 Kasthuri bala A detection systems
(IDS) and
43. 921822104025 Kaviyaanjali M intrusion
prevention
44. 921822104026 Kaviya K systems (IPS)?

45. 921822104029 Madhumitha P CREATE/CO5

11. What are the
46. Team 10 921822104031 Manjuladevi S common types of
cyber attacks?
47. 921822104032 Mareeswari C

48. 921822104037 Nandhini S

49. 921822104046 Santhana Leshmi S

50. 921822104047 Santhiya T 12. Explain the CREATE/CO5

concept of a
51. Team 11 921822104049 Seethalakshmi D firewall and its
52. 921822104051 Sevanthihaa N importance in
network security
53. 921822104052 Shobana Devi M

54. 921822104054 Soundarya A

55. 921822104055 Sridevi V 13. What are the key CREATE/CO5

 56. Team 12 921822104056 Sumathi M components of a
cyber security
57. 921822104057 Vani Shree V policy?

58.
921822104060 Yuvapriya S

59. 9218221040501 Bavitha P

60. 921822104304 Kaviya M

Course Incharge HOD/CSE

MCQ
CB3491-CRPTOGRAPHY-AND-CYBER-SECURITY
MCQ
1. What is the main goal of cryptography?

a) Data integrity
b) Data confidentiality
c) Data availability
d) Data redundancy
Answer: b) Data confidentiality

2. Which algorithm is used for public key cryptography?

a) DES
b) AES
c) RSA
d) MD5
Answer: c) RSA

3. What does AES stand for?

a) Advanced Encryption Standard

b) Advanced Encoding Standard
c) Algorithm Encryption Standard
d) Algorithm Encoding Standard
Answer: a) Advanced Encryption Standard

4. Which of the following is a symmetric key algorithm?

a) RSA
b) DSA
c) DES
d) ECC
Answer: c) DES

5. What is the purpose of a cryptographic hash function?

a) Encrypt data
b) Decrypt data
c) Generate a fixed-size output from variable-size input
d) Generate a variable-size output from fixed-size input
Answer: c) Generate a fixed-size output from variable-size input

6. What is the primary objective of cyber security?

a) Protecting data from unauthorized access

b) Ensuring data redundancy
c) Increasing data availability
d) Enhancing data redundancy
Answer: a) Protecting data from unauthorized access

7. Which of the following is not a type of cyber attack?

a) Phishing
b) SQL Injection
c) Password Attack
d) Data Backup
Answer: d) Data Backup

8. What does the term “phishing” refer to?

a) A type of malware
b) A method of stealing personal information
c) A network security protocol
d) A type of firewall
Answer: b) A method of stealing personal information

9. Which of the following is a common method used in cyber attacks?

a) Encryption
b) Decryption
c) Social engineering
d) Data compression
Answer: c) Social engineering

10. What is a firewall used for in network security?

a) Encrypting data
b) Blocking unauthorized access
c) Decrypting data
d) Compressing data
Answer: b) Blocking unauthorized access

11. Which of the following is a type of malware?

a) Virus
b) Worm
c) Trojan Horse
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above

12. What is the main function of a VPN?

a) To encrypt data
b) To provide a secure connection over the internet
c) To compress data
d) To backup data
Answer: b) To provide a secure connection over the internet

13. Which protocol is used for secure communication over a computer network?

a) HTTP
b) FTP
c) HTTPS
d) SMTP
Answer: c) HTTPS

14. What is the purpose of a digital signature?

a) To encrypt data
b) To verify the authenticity of a message
c) To compress data
d) To backup data
Answer: b) To verify the authenticity of a message

15. Which of the following is not a cryptographic algorithm?

a) RSA
b) AES
c) SHA-256
d) HTTP
Answer: d) HTTP

16. What is the main purpose of a honeypot in cyber security?

a) To attract and trap potential attackers

b) To encrypt data
c) To backup data
d) To compress data
Answer: a) To attract and trap potential attackers

17. Which of the following is a type of cyber security threat?

a) Phishing
b) Data Breach
c) Ransomware
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above

18. What does the term “zero-day exploit” refer to?

a) An attack that occurs on the first day of the month

b) An attack that exploits a previously unknown vulnerability
c) An attack that occurs on the last day of the month
d) An attack that exploits a known vulnerability
Answer: b) An attack that exploits a previously unknown vulnerability

19. Which of the following is a common technique used in social engineering attacks?

a) Phishing
b) Encryption
c) Data Compression
d) Data Backup
Answer: a) Phishing
 20. What is the purpose of two-factor authentication (2FA)?

a) To encrypt data
b) To provide an additional layer of security
c) To compress data
d) To backup data
Answer: b) To provide an additional layer of security

21. Which of the following is a type of network security attack?

a) Man-in-the-Middle (MitM)
b) Data Compression
c) Data Backup
d) Data Encryption
Answer: a) Man-in-the-Middle (MitM)

22. What is the main purpose of a security audit?

a) To encrypt data
b) To assess the security of a system
c) To compress data
d) To backup data
Answer: b) To assess the security of a system

23. Which of the following is a common method used to protect data in transit?

a) Encryption
b) Decryption
c) Data Compression
d) Data Backup
Answer: a) Encryption

24. What is the purpose of a security policy?

a) To define the security measures for an organization

b) To encrypt data
c) To compress data
d) To backup data
Answer: a) To define the security measures for an organization

25. Which of the following is a type of cyber security control?

a) Preventive
b) Detective
c) Corrective
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
 Internal Assessment Test
IAT I

Total:50 marks

Course Name & Code: CB3491 /Cryptography and Cyber Security Date:14/09/23 Branch/Year/Sem:
CSE/III/5
Time:2.45 to 4.15 Course Instructor Name & Department: Mrs.V. Merlin FreedaASP/CSE
SET A

Part A (7 X 2 = 14 marks)
1) List out the various passive attack and active attack. R,CO2
2) Convertthegiventext “annauniversity”intociphertext usingrail fencetechnique. A,CO2
3) Differentiatestreamcipherand blockcipher? Az,CO3
4) Define cryptanalysis. R,CO1
5) DefineGroup? R,CO1
6) What are the differences between classes and structs? Az,C03
7) Whatarethe Properties of Congruences? R,CO2
Part B (1X8 = 8 marks and 1X13=13)
8) Explain the OSI security architecture along with the services available. R,CO1

9) Solve gcd(98,56) using Extended Euclidean Algorithm. Write the algorithm also
A,CO2
Part C (1 X 15 = 15 marks)
10) What is monoalphabetic cipher? Examine how it differs from Caesar cipher. Az,CO3

SET B

Part A (7 X 2 = 14
marks)
7) Listoutthevarious Threat and Attack R,CO2
8) Calculate the cipher test for the following using one time pad cipher. Plain Text: A,CO2
ROCK Keyword: BOTS
9) .Differentiate symmetric and asymmetric encryption. Az,CO
3
10) Define Monoalphabetic substitution cipher R,CO1
11) Define Euclids Algorithm R,CO1
12) Differentiate Classic Cryptography and Modern Cryptography Az,C03
14) What is substitution and permutation? R,CO2
Part B (1X8 = 8 marks and 1X13=13)
8) Explain the network security model and its important parameters with a neat block U,CO1
diagram
Encrypt the following using Platfair Cipher using the keyword
9) A,CO2
MONARCHY.“SWARAJIS MYBIRTHRIGHT”
Part C (1 X 15 = 15
marks)
Solve gcd(98,56) using Extended Euclidean Algorithm. Write the algorithm also.
10 Az,CO3

Faculty Member HoD/CSE

[Link] ASP/CSE
INTERNAL ASSESSMENT TEST - II
Course Name & Code: CB3491 /Cryptography and Cyber Security Date:07/11/23 Branch/Year/Sem:
CSE/III/5
Time: Course Instructor Name & Department: Mrs.V. Merlin
FreedaASP/CSE
SET A

Part A (7 X 2 = 14 marks)
1) List the Hash Algorithms.. R,CO2
2) Perform encryption for the plain text M=88 using the RSA algorithm p=17, q=11 A,CO2
and the public component e=7.
3) Difference between Conventional Encyption and Pubic Key Encyption ? Az,CO3
4) Specify the requirements for message authentication. R,CO2
5) Define RSA.? R,CO2
6) Discuss the objectives of HMAC and its security features R,CO2
7) Why is trap door one way function used? R,CO2
Part B (1X8 = 8 marks and 1X13=13)
8) What is Kerberos? Explain how it provides authenticated service. R,CO1

9) How Hash Function algorithm is designed? Explain their feature and properties A,CO2
Part C (1 X 15 = 15 marks)
10) (i) Explain briefly about Diffie Hellman key exchange algorithm with its merits and U,CO1
demerits

(ii)Explain public key cryptography and when it is preferred?

SET B

Part A (7 X 2 = 14 marks)
7) List the approaches of Computing Discrete Logarithms. R,CO2

8) Perform encryption for the plain text M=88 using the RSA algorithm p=17, q=11 and A,CO2
the public component e=7.

9) Differentiate MAC and Hash function. Az,CO3

10) Define X.509 Authentication Service. R,CO1
11) State Challenge Response authentication. R,CO1
12) What is Elliptic Curve Cryptography? Az,C03
14) Why is trap door one way function used? R,CO2
Part B (1X8 = 8 marks and 1X13=13)
8) Explain the format of the X.509 certificate. U,CO1

9) With a neat diagram, explain the steps involved in SHA algorithm for encrypting a Az,CO3
message with maximum length of less than 2128 bits and produces as output a 512-bit
message digest.
Part C (1 X 15 = 15 marks)
10 Find the secret key shared between user A and user B using Diffie Hellman algorithm Az,CO4
for the

following: q = 353; α (primitive root) = 3, XA = 45 and XB = 50

Faculty Member HoD/CSE

[Link] ASP/CSE
 TOTA CO1(R&U) C02(A) CO3(AZ) CO4(E) CO5(C)
ASSESSM
L M %L M %L
ENT
MARK M %L M %L M %L
TOOLS
S
IAT-1 60 30 60% 30 60% - - - - - -
IAT-2 50 - - 10 20% 28 56% 12 24%
IAT-3 50 - - - - 8 16% 12 24% 30 60%
TOTAL 160 30 19% 40 25% 36 22% 24 15% 30 19%
NORMALI 19% 25% 22% 15% 19%
100
ZE

ASSEMENT TOTAL CO1(R&U) C02(A) CO3(AZ) CO4(E) CO5(C)

TOOLS MARK M %L M %L M %L M %L M %L
S
MCQ 20 5 25% 10 50% 0 0% 5 25% 0 0%
ASS-1 40 10 25% 0 0% 10 25% 20 50% 0 0%
ASS-2 40 10 25% 0 0% 10 25% 20 50% 0 0%
CS 300 0 0% 30 10% 20 7% 100 33% 150 50%
TOTAL 10
400 25 6% 40 40 10% 145 36% 150 38%
%
NORMALIZE 25 1% 4% 2% 8% 10%

ASSESMENT TOTAL CO1(R&U) C02(A) CO3(AZ) CO4(E) CO5(C)

TOOLS MARKS
 TOTAL 125 20 29 24 23 29
NORMALIZATION

COURSE OUTCOMES (COs)

ASSESSMEN
COURSE OUTCOMES BT
SKILL PO T TOOLS
(COS) LEVEL
CO Ability to define,
1 understand and Understand/
IAT,
explain the concepts Remember & PO1 L1/L2
Assignment
of database Apply
management systems
CO Ability to analyze
2 SQL as well as
relational algebra to IAT,
Analyze PO1 L3
find solutions to a Assignment
broad range of
queries
CO Ability to analyze
3 various database
Analyze PO2 L3 IAT, MCQ
design techniques for
a given scenario
CO Ability to determine
4 ER diagram and
normalization forms Understand/
PO4,PO9,PO L1/L2 & IAT, Case
for reducing the Remember &
10 L2 Study
dependency in a Apply
database for given
scenario.
CO Ability to understand
5 database connectivity
and developing the Understand/ IAT, c
PO3 L1/L2
database design for Remember Assignment
the various real time
examples

CO1-19% PO1,PO12 CO1:PO1-19% CO1:PO1-2

 CO1:PO1-8% CO1:PO1-1
CO2-25% PO2 CO2:PO2-25% CO2:PO2-2
CO3-22% PO2 CO3:PO2-22% CO3:PO2-2
CO4-15% PO1,PO9,PO10 CO4:PO1-15% CO4:PO1-2
CO4:PO9-5% CO4:PO9-1
CO4:PO10-9% CO4:PO10-1

CO5-19% PO3 CO5:PO3-19% CO5:PO3-2

PROGRAM OUTCOMES (POs)

PO1 Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering

fundamentals and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering
problems.
PO2 Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze complex
engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of
mathematics, natural sciences, and engineering sciences.
PO3 Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems
and design system components or processes that meet the specified needs with
appropriate consideration for the public health and safety, and the cultural, societal, and
environmental considerations.
PO4 Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-based knowledge and
research methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data,
and synthesis of the information to provide valid conclusions.
PO5 Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and
modern engineering and IT tools including prediction and modeling to complex
engineering activities with an understanding of the limitations.
PO6 The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to
assess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent
responsibilities relevant to the professional engineering practice.
PO7 Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional
engineering solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the
knowledge of, and need for sustainable development.
PO8 Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities
and norms of the engineering practice.
PO9 Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or
leader in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.
PO10 Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the
engineering community and with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend and
write effective reports and design documentation, make effective presentations.
PO11 Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the
engineering and management principles and apply these to one‘s own work, as a
 member and leader in a team, to manage projects and in multidisciplinary environments.
PO12 Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to
engage in independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological
change.

CORRELATIONLEVELS

Substantial/High(Questions asked above

30%) 3
Moderate/Medium(Questions asked
between 10 to 30%) 2
Slight/Low(Questions asked within
10%) 1
Nocorrelation
0

CO-PO CORRELATIONLEVELMATRIX

Pos
COs
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO1 PO1 PO12
0 1
CO1 2 1
CO2 2
CO3 2
CO4 2 1 1
CO5 2
 PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO9 PO10 PO12 Justification

CO1 The Strength of correlation can be considered

2 1 as Moderately for PO1 because it explain the
concepts of database management systems
CO2 The Strength of correlation can be considered
2 as Moderately for PO2 Bcoz Ability to
analyze SQL as well as relational algebra to
find solutions to a broad range of queries
CO3 The Strength of
correlation can be
considered as
2 Moderately for PO2
Bcoz Ability to
analyze various database
design techniques for a
given scenario
CO4 The Strength of correlation can be considered
as Moderately for PO1 & Slightly for PO9 ,
2 1 1 PO10 because Ability to determine ER diagram
and normalization forms for reducing the
dependency in a database for given scenario.
CO5 The Strength of correlation can be considered
as Moderately for PO3 because Ability to
2 understand database connectivity and
developing the database design for the various
real time examples