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Simple Resistive Circuits Explained

Chapter 3 covers basic concepts of simple resistive circuits, including definitions of nodes, loops, meshes, and branches. It explains Kirchoff's Laws (KCL and KVL) for analyzing currents and voltages in circuits, along with examples to illustrate their application. The chapter also discusses resistor connections in series and parallel, voltage and current dividers, and provides examples for calculating equivalent resistance and current in circuits.

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3 views11 pages

Simple Resistive Circuits Explained

Chapter 3 covers basic concepts of simple resistive circuits, including definitions of nodes, loops, meshes, and branches. It explains Kirchoff's Laws (KCL and KVL) for analyzing currents and voltages in circuits, along with examples to illustrate their application. The chapter also discusses resistor connections in series and parallel, voltage and current dividers, and provides examples for calculating equivalent resistance and current in circuits.

Uploaded by

marwandaradka2
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Chapter 3: Simple Resistive Circuits

Basic definitions:
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Chapter 3: Simple Resistive Circuits
• Kirchoff’s Laws:
1. KCL:
The algebraic sum of all currents at any node =0
2𝐴 0𝐴

5𝐴 8𝐴
22𝐴 20𝐴

5𝐴 2𝐴

−5 − 5 + 8 + 2 = 0𝐴 −22 + 2 + 20 + 0 = 0𝐴
Chapter 3: Simple Resistive Circuits
• Kirchoff’s Laws:
2. KVL:
The algebraic sum of all voltages in a closed path (loop or
mesh) =0

−𝑉𝑠 − 𝑉1 + 𝑉2 + 2𝐼 = 0
Chapter 3: Simple Resistive Circuits
• Example1:
Use KVL and KCL to find 𝐼𝑜 and 𝑃3𝐴 ?

KCL(Upper node):
𝐼𝑂 + 𝐼1 − 3 = 0 Equ.1
KVL(left loop):
+
−60 − 5𝐼𝑂 + 25𝐼1 = 0 Equ.2
𝑉𝑥
Solve these two Equations;
− 𝐼1 = 2.5A, 𝐼𝑂 = 0.5A

To find the Power, KVL(right loop):


-25𝐼1 + 𝑉𝑥 = 0
𝑉𝑥 = 62.5 volt

𝑃3𝐴 = −3 × 62.5 = −187.5𝑊


Chapter 3: Simple Resistive Circuits
• Example2:
To find 𝑉𝑜 :
Find 𝑉𝑜 and 𝑉𝑦 ?
KVL(left loop):
−10 + 6𝐼𝑠 = 0 𝐼𝑠 = 10/6A
KVL(right loop):

−3𝐼𝑠 + 2𝐼𝑂 + 3𝐼𝑂 = 0


10
3×
𝐼𝑂 = 6 = 1𝐴
5
𝑉𝑜 = 3 × 1 = 3𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡
To find 𝑉𝑦 :
KVL (inner loop)
−6𝐼𝑠 + 𝑉𝑦 + 3𝐼𝑠 = 0
10
𝑉𝑦 = 3𝐼𝑠 = 3 × = 5V
6
Chapter 3: Simple Resistive Circuits
• Resistor connection:
1. Series connection:

𝑅𝑒𝑞 = 𝑅1 + 𝑅2 + ⋯ + 𝑅𝑛
Chapter 3: Simple Resistive Circuits
• Resistor connection:
2. Parallel connection:
Important note:

1 1 1 1 𝑅1 × 𝑅2
= + +⋯+ 𝑅𝑒𝑞 =
𝑅𝑒𝑞 𝑅1 𝑅2 𝑅𝑛 𝑅1 + 𝑅2
Chapter 3: Simple Resistive Circuits
Example:
Find 𝑅𝑒𝑞 between a and c?

𝑅𝑒𝑞 = 16Ω//16 Ω +8 Ω +8 Ω

𝑅𝑒𝑞 = 24Ω
Chapter 3: Simple Resistive Circuits
Example:
Find 𝑅𝑒𝑞 between a and b?

𝑅𝑒𝑞 = 24Ω//8 Ω +8 Ω +8 Ω

𝑅𝑒𝑞 = 22Ω
Chapter 3: Simple Resistive Circuits
• Voltage and current dividers:
• Voltage divider:
𝑅1
𝑉1 = × 𝑉𝑆
𝑅1 + 𝑅2 + 𝑅3

• Current divider:

𝑅2
𝐼1 = ×𝐼
𝑅1 + 𝑅2 𝑆
Chapter 3: Simple Resistive Circuits
• Example:
Find 𝐼1 and 𝐼2 ?
15
𝐼1 = × 10 = 7.5𝐴
5 + 15

5
𝐼2 = × 10 = 2.5𝐴
5 + 15

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