MODUL6 Lfa!
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• 0UM€12--I~ F-OR.. PRAC..1 I c,e)
Q3. For the vector field F - x
2
i + 2xyj + 3xzk. calculate the divergence V . F.
Solution:
The divergence is~
'
Here:
2 OF1
F1 = x ==> - = 2x
{}x
F,2 = 2xy ===> -8F2 = ',.x
>
oy
8F;,
F.~ = 3xz "- - · = 3x
oz
Thus:
V • F = 2x + 2x + :lx = 7x
Q4. For the vector field F = (x 3 + y 2 )i + (y3 + z2 )j + (z 3 + 2:2 )k, find V • F.
Solution:
The divergence is:
8F1 fJF2 BF.1
V-F=-+-+-
ox 8y 8z
Here:
8F1 - 3x2
ax
8F2
-.:....3y2
au •
= z3 + x2 ~ -8F.1 ·.> 2
F.1
oz = ,>Z
Thus:
V • F = :ix 2+ 3y 2+ :iz 2
.DR· Mf L'/ 3ASHA-NJ::.
MR·V·k·5HAl-f
•
QS.. Hnd the rur1 of the vect or field F _ (zy)I + (y.:2)J + (.:.r2)k.
Sdution:
The curl is:
I j k
V xF= ! {J
~
lJ
11:
xy2 yz2 :.z'l
Expancing the determinant
2
VxF = i (B(d) _ 8 (.v~)) - j (8(u2 ) _ 8(zy ) ) + k (8(yz2) _ o(x1l))
lJy lJz 8:r oz oz •lJy
Comput2 terms:
8(zz2) _ 8(yz2)
l}y - 0, oz = 2yz
o(u2) - o(:r1,2)
.A -2z:t, - - =0
u~ 8z
o(yz2) 8(%!/)
{Jz = 0, lJy = 2ry
Substitutinc.J
V xF = l(O - 2yz) - j(2zz - 0) + k{O - 2:ty)
VxF = (-2yzp - "' (2zz)j - (2zy)k
Q2. ff /(z, y) = z" + y1x2. find V/ at (1, 2).
Solution:
The gradient is:
V/ = (IJ/ t=IJJ)
l}x l}y
Compute partial derivatives:
At (1, 2):
Thus:
V / - (20, 12)
•
Q1. Find the gradient of the scalar field /(z, u,:) = z 3u + 2y:1 - z.: 2 at the point (1, 2, 1).
Solution:
The gradient is:
V/ = (a{4 8/If-) vJ == as- _,. af .,. of
lJz 8y 8:
a-x- o~ a1;
Compute partial derivatives:
~
{)z
= !_(x
{)z
3
y + 2yz 2 - xz2 ) = 31ly - :2
8/ 8 311 + 2yz - xz~) = x·•
2 " ...
+ 2z 2
-l)y = -(~
{}y ~
81 8 ·•
{J . = -8 z (x·y+
2yz 2 - xz)
2
= 4yz - 2xz t.:i. ,
• z.
.., ?- Q n2..
At (1, 2, 1):
:. Vf = 3-x, ~ -:!:- t X + <>(~
8/
+4~t- -J.-x-r:
1k
of
{Jy
== 3 ,c.?';4 + c -t x e, + 4ae
• U
=~At(!~,0 "7
-~'X e
4(2)(1) f.)(1)(1) 8 l '6
.[Link]'r· x. =- I
,c;;;;__ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
Thus:
V/ - (5, 3, 6) '1.f =;.3(1)~.2.) + (l)'l...+ (l)~f-
4- (2-) (0 --2 (r)CO .t•
1. Gradie nt Questions
01. Find the gradient of the scalar field/ {x, y, z) = x 1y + 3yz2 - 4x.z. v&-j (J,2.v == 19- .
Q2. Compute the gradient of f(x·, y) = x 3 + y 2x 2 at (2, l ).
Q3. If J(x,y, z) = x 2 + y-J. + z2 + 2xy + yz, find V /.
Q4. Determine the gradient of f(x, y, z) = 4x y + 5yz - z;t at (1, 1, 1).
3 2
05. Given /(x, y) = x 4y + y3x, calculate V / at (1, 2).
I
•
2, Dlv1rg1nc1 Questions •
te V • F.
Q6. For the vector field F = x21 + 3:ryj + r,x:k, calcula
2
Q7. Find the divergence of F ={r.:1 + 1/)l + (1/' + : 2)J + (z:1 + x )k.
2
Q8. Detennine the divergence of F = xy 1+ 11.:
2
J + zx2k,
2
7
Q9. Calculate the divergence of the vector field F = x yl +
y zj + .z:.lxk.
1
2 )k, find V • F.
Q10. For the vector field F = (2x: y )1 + (3y z)j + (4.1:z=
1 1
3. Curl Questfons
2 2
[Link] = (x y)I+ (y z)J
+ (z :l x)k. ,
• 012. Compute V x F for F = (xy)J + (yz)J + (zx)k.
2 2
013. Given F = (z 1/)I + (1/2z )J + (z x )k, calculate V
2 2 x F.
2 2
014. Determine V x F for F = x yl + 1/zJ + z xk.
4
Q15. Verify whether F = {3x )1 + (4y: )j + (5z )k is conser
2 1 vative by calculating V x F.
4. Mixed Questions
2 2 te V • (V f ).
016. For the scalar field J(x, y, z) = x y + y .z + z x, calcula
2
2
017. If F = (x + 1/)I + (y
2
+ z2)j + (z 2 + x 2)k, compute both V • F and V ~ F.
2 find the divergence and curl.
018. Given the vector field F = (xy .z}I+ (yz x )J + {zx y )k,
2 2
• Q19. For /(z, y, z) =z:'y2z, compute V/, V • (V /), and V x (V /).
2
Q20. A vector field F = x yl + y2zj + z2xk is given. Compute both the flux and circulation
across the surface z = 1.
'
ANSWERS TO THE ABOVE PROBLEMS
1. Gradient Questions
Q1. Gradient of /(z, 1J, z) = z2y + 311z2 _ 4zz:
V/ = (2zy - 4z, z 2 + Oyz, Gyz - 4x)
Q2. Gradient of /(:r, y) = z 3 + 1/:r2 at (2, 1):
V/ = tJ6,iF ci'f
Q3. Gradient of/(~ , 11, .t) =z2 + y2 + z2 + 2zy + yz:
V / = (2:r + 2y, 2y + 2:t + z, 2z + y)
Q4. Gradient of /(z, y, z) = 4:.i: 3y2 + 5yz - z3 at (1, 1, 1):
v/ = e2f, u, !1 33
Q5. Gradient of /(z, y) = z4y + !lz at (1, 2):
VJ =-{10, llf «.3
'
' '
2. Divergence Questions
Q6. Divergence of F = z 2i + 3xyj + 5zzk:
V.F = 2z + 3z + 5z = 1Oz
Q7. Divergence of F = (.r3 + y2)i + (y3 + z2)j + (::s + r2)k:
2 2
V • F = 3z + 3y + 3:
2
aa. Divergence of F =z,rf + yz 2J + zz2k:
V •F =1/ + r.2 + z'l
Q9. Divergence of F = z 2yi + ,Izj + z2zlc
V • F = [Link] + 211z + 2zr
[Link] = (2z
3
r,2)1 + (3y2z)J + (4zzl)k:
2 2
V • F = 6z y +Gyz + 12.r:2
\------■
3 • Curl Qu•stions
Q11. [Link] of F = (z?y)I + (!l .i)j + (.i1:t)k:
V x F = (-2z~ - y2)1 + (-2yz - :r:z)j + (-2:ry - z2)k
Q12.Cur1o fF = (zy)l + (yz)j + (z:r)k:
V x F = (z - y) 1 + (:r - z )j + (y - x) k
Q13. Curt of F = (:r2i/)i + (y22 2)j + (z2:r2)lc
V X F = (2i,2z - 2
2:rz )i + (2z 2 x - 2:ri/)j + (2x 2 y - 2yz 2 )k
Q14. CJrl of F = :r2yi + y:i zj + z:z.:rk:
V x F = (-2z2 )i + (-:r2)j + (-y2)k
•
2
Q15. Curl of F = {3:r )i + (4y3 )j + (52:·')lc
V x F = (O)i + (O)j + (O)k (Conservat ive)
•
4. Mixed Questions
Q16. For /(:r, y, z) =x y + y z +z
2 2 2
x, compute 'v • (v' f):
'v f = (2xy + z 1
, x 2
+ 2yz, 2zx + y 2
'v • ('v I) = 2y + 2z + 2x
Q17. For F = (x + y2)i + (y + z 2 )j + {z 2 + :r2 )k:
2 2
V • F = 2:r + 2y + 2z
V x F = 0 {Conservat ive)
ForF = (xy 2 z)i + (yz 2 z)j + (zx 2 y)k:
•
Q18.
V • F = 2x-yz + 2xyz + 2xyz = Gxyz
V x F = (yz 2
- x y)i
2
+ (zx 2
- :ry2)j + (:ty 2
- yz2 )k ..
Q19. For /(:r, y, z) = z 3y 2 z:
•
= (3x 2 y-z, 2x·J yz,x 3 y-) ? 1
Vf
V • (V /) = 6:ry2 + 3x;iz + 2x· y
1
V x (V /) =0 (Always for gradieuts)
Q2O. For F = x 2yi + y 1 zj + z 2:rk, flux and circulation calculations require integration but
V •F = 2xy + 2yz + 2zx
V X F = (- Z
2
-
2
y ) i + ( - :r:2 - Z
2
)j + ( - 1/ - :i:2) k