ALTERNATING CURRENT Test (NEET Pattern) 01:00 Hr

Important Instructions
This test contains 45 questions. Each question carries 4 marks. For each correct response the
candidate will get 4 marks. For each incorrect response, one mark will be deducted from the total
scores. The maximum marks are 180.

1. What is the r.m.s. value of an alternating current which when passed through a resistor produces
heat which is thrice of that produced by a direct current of 2 ampere in the same resistor :-
(1) 6 amp
(2) 2 amp
(3) 3.46 amp
(4) 0.66 amp

2. The peak value of an alternating e.m.f. which is given by E = E0 cos t is 10 volts and its frequency
1
is 50 Hz. At time t = s, the instantaneous e.m.f. is
600
(1) 10 V
(2) 5 3 V
(3) 5 V
(4) 1 V


3. The phase difference between current and voltage in an AC circuit is radian, If the frequency
4
of AC is 50 Hz, then the phase difference is equivalent to the time difference:-
(1) 0.78 s
(2) 15.7 ms
(3) 2.5 s
(4) 2.5 ms

4. Incorrect statement are :

(a) A.C. meters can measure D.C also
(b) If A.C. meter measures D.C. there scale must be linear and uniform
(c) A.C. and D.C. meters are based on heating effect of current
(d) A.C. meter reads rms value of current
(1) a,b
(2) b,c
(3) c,d
(4) d,a
5. The relation between an A.C. voltage source and time in SI units is given as :
V = 120 sin (100 t ) cos(100 t ) volt ; value of peak voltage and frequency will be respectively :–
(1) 120 volt and 100 Hz
120
(2) volt and 100 Hz
2
(3) 60 volt and 200 Hz
(4) 60 volt and 100 Hz

6. If an A.C. main supply is given to be 220 V. What would be the average e.m.f. during a positive
half cycle :-
(1) 198 V
(2) 386 V
(3) 256 V
(4) None of these

7. For an alternating current I = I0cos t , What is the rms value and peak value of current :-
I
(1) I0 , 0
2
I
(2) 0 ,I0
2
I
(3) I0 , 0
2
I
(4) 2I0 0
2

8. If a step up transformer have turn ratio 5, frequency 50 Hz root mean square value of potential
difference of primary winding is 100 volts and the resistance of the secondary winding is 500 
then the peak value of voltage in secondary winding will be (the efficiency of the transformer is
hundred percent)
(1) 500 2
(2) 10 2
(3) 50 2
(4) 20 2e

1
9. A resistance of 300  and an inductance of henry are connected in series to a A.C. voltage of

20 volts and 200 Hz frequency. The phase angle between the voltage and current is :-
4
(1) tan −1  
3
3
(2) tan −1  
4
3
(3) tan −1  
2
2
(4) tan −1  
3
10. The graphs given below depict the dependence of two reactive impedances X1 and X2 on the
frequency of the alternating e.m.f. applied individually to them. We can say that :

X2
X1
Impedance Impedance

Frequency Frequency
(1) X1 is an inductor and X2 is a capacitor
(2) X1 is a resistor and X2 is a capacitor
(3) X1 is a capacitor and X2 is a inductor
(4) X1 is an inductor and X2 is a resistor

11. A 110 V, 60 W lamp is run from a 220 V AC mains using a capacitor in series with the lamp,
instead of a resistor then the voltage across the capacitor is about:-
(1) 110 V
(2) 190 V
(3) 220 V
(4) 311 V

12. A student connects a long air cored - coil of manganic wire to a 100 V D.C. supply and records a
current of 25 amp. When the same coil is connected across 100 V. 50 Hz A.C. the current reduces
to 20 A, the reactance of the coil is :-
(1) 4 
(2) 3 
(3) 5 
(4) None

13. The graph shows variation of current with frequency for a series R-L-C network. Keeping L and
C constant. If R decreases :

Im

(current) I

fr (freq.)
(a) Maximum current (Im) increases
(b) Sharpness of the graph increases
(c) Quality factor increases
(d) Band width increases
(1) a, b, c
(2) b, c, d
(3) c, d, a
(4) All
14. In an A.C. circuit resistance and inductance are connected in series. The potential and current in
inductance is:
V
(1) V0 sin t , 0 sin t
L
V
(2) V0 sin t, 0 sin( t +  / 2)
L
V
(3) V0 sin t ( t +  / 2) , 0 sin t
L
V
(4) V0 sin(t +  / 2), 0 sin(t −  / 2)
L

15. An A.C. source of voltage V and of frequency 50 Hz is connected to an inductor of 2 H and

negligible resistance. A current of r.m.s value I flows in the coil. When the frequency of the
voltage is changed to 400 Hz keeping the magnitude of V the same, the current is now :-
(1) 8 I in phase with V
(2) 4 I and leading by 90° from V
I
(3) and lagging by 90° from V
4
I
(4) and lagging by 90° from V
8

16. A capacitor of capacity C is connected in A.C. circuit. The applied emf is V=V0 sin t , then the
current is :
V
(1) I = 0 sin t
L
V
(2) I = 0 sin(t +  / 2)
L
(3) I = V0Csin t

(4) I = V0Csin(t +  /2)

17. The impedance of a circuit, when a resistance R and an inductor of inductance L are connected
in series in an A.C. circuit of frequency (f) is :-
(1) R + 4fL2
(2) R + 42f 2L2
(3) R 2 + 42f 2L2
(4) R 2 + 22f 2L2

18. In the L–R circuit R = 10  and L = 2H. If an alternating voltage of 120 V, and 60 Hz alternating
voltage is applied then the flowing current in this circuit will be :-
(1) 0.32 A
(2) 0.16 A
(3) 0.48 A
(4) 0.80 A
19. An inductance of 0.4 Henry and a resistance of 100 ohm are connected to a A.C. voltage source
of 220 V and 50 Hz. Then find out the phase difference between the voltage and current flowing
in the circuit :
(1) tan–1 (2.25  )
(2) tan–1 (0.4  )
(3) tan–1 (1.5  )
(4) tan–1 (0.5  )

20. A capacitor of capacitance 100 F & a resistance of 100  is connected in series with AC supply
of 220V, 50Hz. The current leads the voltage by :
 1 
(1) tan −1  
 2 
1
(2) tan −1  

2
(3) tan −1  

4
(4) tan −1  


21. If the current through an inductor of inductance L is given by I = I0 sin t , then the voltage across
inductor will be :-
(1) I0Lsin(t −  /2)
(2) I0Lsin(t +  /2)
(3) I0Lsin(t − )
(4) None of these

22. A 50 Hz a.c. source of 20 volts is connected across R and C as shown in figure below. The voltage
across R is 12 volts. The voltage across C is
R C

~
Vi

(1) 8V
(2) 16V
(3) 10V
(4) Not possible to determine unless values of R and C are given
23. 200  resistance and 1H inductance are connected in series with an A.C. circuit. The frequency
200
of the source is Hz. Then phase difference in between V and I will be :-
2
(1) 30°
(2) 60°
(3) 45°
(4) 90°

24. Impedance of the following circuit will be :

200 150

(1) 150 
(2) 200 
(3) 250 
(4) 340 

25. In showing figure find VR :

VR=? VL=176V

200V
(1) 95V
(2) 396V
(3) 185 V
(4) 220176V

26. An inductance of 1mH, a condenser of 10 F and a resistance of 50  are connected in series.

The reactance of inductor and condensers are same. The reactance of either of them will be :-
(1) 100 
(2) 30 
(3) 3.2 
(4) 10 
27. For a series R-L-C circuit :-
(a) Voltage across L and C are differ by 
(b) Current through L and R are in same phase
(c) Voltage across R and L differ by  /2
(d) Voltage across L and current through C are differ by  /2
(1) a, b, c
(2) b, c, d
(3) c, d, a
(4) All

28. A series R - L - C (R = 10  , XL = 20  , Xc = 20  ) circuit is supplied by V = 10 sin t volt then

power dissipation in circuit is :-
(1) Zero
(2) 10 watt
(3) 5 watt
(4) 2.5 watt

29. In a series resonant R-L-C circuit, if L is increased by 25% and C is decreased by 20%, then the
resonant frequency will :
(1) Increases by 10%
(2) Decreases by 10%
(3) Remain unchanged
(4) Increases by 2.5%

30. If value of R is changed, then :-

10V 10V R

Supply
(1) Voltage across L remains same
(2) Voltage across C remains same
(3) Voltage across LC combination remains same
(4) Voltage across LC combination changes

31. In a series LCR circuit voltage across resister, inductor and capacitor are 1V, 3V and 2V
respectively. At the instant t when the source voltage is given by :
V=V0 cos t , the current in the circuit will be :
 
(1) I = I0 cos  t + 
 4
 
(2) I = I0 cos  t − 
 4
  
(3) I = I0 cos  t + 
 3
 
(4) I = I0 cos  t − 
 3

32. In given LCR circuit, the voltage across the terminals of a resistance & current will be–
V

R=50 400V 400V

A
100V, 50Hz

(1) 400V, 2A
(2) 800V, 2A
(3) 100V, 2A
(4) 100V, 4A

33. A sinusoidal A.C. current flows through a resistor of resistance R. If the peak current is IP, then
the power dissipated is :-
(1) I2pR cos
1 2
(2) Ip R
2
4 2
Ip R
(3) 
1 2
2 p
IR
(4) 

34. Which is not correct for average power P at resonance :

(1) P=Irms Vrms
V I
(2) P =
2 2
(3) P=VI
(4) P=I 2rms R

35. In an a.c. circuit V and I are given by

V = 100 sin (100 t) volts
I = 100 sin (100t +  /3) mA
The power dissipated in the circuit is
(1) 104 watt
(2) 10 watt
(3) 2.5 watt
(4) 5.0 watt
36. In an alternating circuit applied voltage and flowing current are E = E0 sint and I = I0 sin
(t+/2) respectively. Then the power consumed in the circuit will be :
(1) Zero
(2) E0I0/2
(3) E0I0/ 2
(4) E0I0/4

37. If V = 100 sin100t volt, and


I = 100 sin(100t + ) A. then find the watt less power in watt :-
6
(1) 10 4

(2) 103
(3) 102
(4) 2.5 × 103

38. An inductor of inductance L and resistor of resistance R are joined in series and connected by a
source of frequency  . Power dissipated in the circuit is :-

(1)
(R 2
+ 2L2 )
V
V 2R
(2) -
(R 2
+ 2L2 )
V
(3)
( R + 2L2
2
)
R 2 + 2L2
(4)
V2

39. For given circuit the power factor is :

R=1100
L=3.5H

50Hz
(1) 0
(2) 1/2
(3) 1/ 2
(4) None of these
40. Energy loss in pure capacitance in A.C. circuit is -
1
(1) CV2
2
(2) CV2
1
(3) CV2
4
(4) Zero

41. Comparing the L–C oscillations with the oscillations of a spring–block system (force constant of
spring = k and mass of block = m), the physical quantity mk is similar to :–
(1) CL
1
(2)
CL
C
(3)
L
L
(4)
C

42. In an oscillating LC circuit the maximum charge on the capacitor is Q. The charge on the capacitor
when the energy is stored equally between the electric and magnetic fields is-
(1) Q/2
(2) Q/ 3
(3) Q/ 2
(4) Q

43. A fully charged capacitor C with initial charge q0 is connected to a coil of self inductance L at
t = 0. The time at which the energy is stored equally between the electric and the magnetic fields
is :-
(1) 2 LC
(2) LC
(3)  LC

(4) LC
4

44. A LC circuit is in the state of resonance. if C = 0.1 F and L = 0.25 henry. Neglecting ohmic
resistance of circuit what is the frequency of oscillations
(1) 1007 Hz
(2) 100 Hz
(3) 109 Hz
(4) 500 Hz
45. A 60 F capacitor is charged to 100 volts. This charged capacitor is connected across a 1.5 mH
coil, so that LC oscillations occur. The maximum current in the coil is :-
(1) 1.5 A
(2) 2 A
(3) 15 A
(4) 20 A
 Answer Key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Answer 3 2 4 2 4 1 2 1 1 3 2 2 1 3 4
Question 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Answer 4 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 1 4 4 3 3 3
Question 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
Answer 2 3 2 3 3 1 4 2 3 4 4 3 4 1 4

SOLUTIONS
1. (3)
Given that,
HAC = 3 HDC
I2rms Rt = 3 (I2Rt)
I2rms = 3I2
Irms = 3I = 3  2
Irms = 3.46A

2. (2)
E = E0 cos t
1
Given, E0 = 10V, t = sec., f = 50Hz
600
1
E = 10 cos (2  × 50 × )
600

E = 10 cos    E = 5 3v
6

3. (4)
2 (phase difference) = T(Time difference)
T
1 rad (PD) = (Time difference)
2

So, = (Time difference)
4
T 1
=  time difference =
8 50  8
or time difference = 2.5 ms.

4. (2)

5. (4)
V = 120 sin (100 t ) cos (100 t )
 2sin cos  = sin2
sin(2  100t)
 sin (100 t ) cos (100 t ) =
2
V = 60 sin (200 t )
compare from
V = VO sin t
VO = 60 volt,
 = 200
2f = 200
f = 100 Hz

6. (1)
2V0 2 2Vrms 2 2  220
Vavg = = = = 198V
  3.14

7. (2)
Irms = I2 = I02 cos2  t 

1 I0
= I20  =
2 2
and in I = I0 cost, I0 is the peak value of current.

8. (1)
Peak voltage in primary V0 = 2 Vrms = 100 2
Vs Ns N
=  VS = s  Vp
Vp Np Np
VS = 5  100 2 = 500 2V

9. (1)
1
Given R = 300  ; L = H ; f = 200 Hz

 = 2f = 400  ; xL =  L = 400 
x
so tan  = L
R
400
tan  =
300
4
 = tan −1  
3

10. (3)
XL = 2fL
 XL  f (graph straight line)
1 1
XC = ; XC 
2fC C
(graph rectangular hyperbola)
so x1 is a capacitor and x2 is a inductor

11. (2)
V 2 = VR2 + VC2
(220)2 = (110)2 + VC2
Vc2 = (220)2 – (110)2
Vc = 190Volt

12. (2)
For DC. V = IR
V 100
R= =
I 25
R = 4 (Resistance of coil)
For AC. V = IZ
V 100
Z= = Z = 5
I 20
Z2 = R2 + X2  X2 = Z2 – R2
x2 = 52 – 42
Reactance of coil X = 3  .

13. (1)
Given series R,L,C
1
xL =  L ; xc =
C
z = R2 + (xL − xc )2
V V
I= = 2
z  1 
R +  L −
2

 C 
here, L & C are constant
Because 'R' is decreasing
Im will increases and sharpness will increases
V
And ; quality factor (Q) = L
VR
VR decreases
 Q will be increases
 R
and bandwidth =
L
R decreases, so b decreases
So a, b, c is correct

14. (3)
 
In an R-L series circuit, current legs voltage by or voltage leads current by
2 2

15. (4)
V
I=
Z
on frequency 50 Hz
Z = L = 2 × 50 × 2 = 200
V
I1 =
200
on frequency 400 Hz
Z = L = 2 × 400 × 2
V I1 V 1600
I2 = ; =  =8
1600 I2 200 V
I1
I2 = (lagging by 90° from V due to purely inductive circuit)
8
OR
XL  f, f becomes 8 times, so XL also becomes 8 times, so current becomes 1/8 times and lagging
by 90° from V (pure inductive circuit)

16. (4)
V = V0 sin  t
 
I = I0 sin  t + 
 2
V0  
I= sin  t + 
xc  2

 current lead to voltage by .
2

17. (3)
For series R-L circuit
z = R2 + x2L

z = R 2 + (2fL)2

z = R 2 + 42f 2L2
18. (2)
z = R2 + x2L

z = (10)2 + (2 60  2)2

z = 754.04 
current
V 120
I= =
z 754.04
I = 0.16A

19. (2)
XL
tan  =
R
 X L = L
 X = 2 50  0.4
40  L
tan  = 
100  X L = 40
R = 100
tan  = 0.4,  = tan−1(0.4)

20. (2)
XC 1  1 
tan  = =  x c = C 
R RC  
1 1
= −6
=
2 50  100  100  10 
1
 = tan–1  


21. (2)
dI d
VL = L = L (I0 sin t)
dt dt
= I0Lcos t = I0Lsin(t +  /2)

22. (2)
Use V 2 = VR2 + VC2
(20)2 = (12)2 + Vc2
Vc = 16V

23. (3)
 x L L
tan  = =
R R
2fL
tan  =
R
200
2 1
tan  = 2
200
tan  = 1
 = 45°

24. (3)
Impedance ; z = R2 + x2L

z = (200)2 + (150)2
z = 250 

25. (1)
Using V2 = VR2 + VL2
(200)2 = VR2 + (176)2
VR = 95V

26. (4)
X L = XC
1
f=  X L = 2fL
2 LC
1 L
X L = 2L  =
2 LC C
10−3
XL =  X L = 10
10  10−6
OR
1
At resonance,  =
LC
 = 10 Rad/sec.
4

XL = L = 104  10−3 = 10

27. (4)

28. (3)
Power dissipation = VI cos
 V R V 2R
= V. . = 2
Z Z Z
Now Z= R2 + (XL − XC )2
Z = R(XL = XC )
V 2R V 2
Power dissipations = =
R2 R
V0 10
V= =  R = 10
2 2
10  10
Power dissipation = = 5 Watt.
2  2  10

29. (3)
1
f=
2 LC
L 5L
Now L' = L + =
4 4
C 4C
C' = C − =
5 5
1 1
f'= =
2 L'C' 5L 4C
2 
4 5
1
f'= =f
2 LC

30. (3)
R Changed  Z Changed  I Changed
VL = I XL (Changed)
VC = I XC (Changed)
VL and VC are changed by same amount
So Voltage across LC combination (VL–VC ) remains same.

31. (2)
VL − VC 1
tan  = = = 45
VR 1
VL  VC

So current lags by
4
 
I = I0 cos  t − 
 4
32. (3)
VL = VC (given)
XL = XC (Resonance condition)
V 100
i= = = 2A
R 50
VR = iR = 2 50 = 100V

33. (2)
Ip
The value of r.m.s current is, Irms =
2
2
I
p
So, power dissipated is P = I2rmsR = R
2

34. (3)

35. (3)
P = Vrms Irms cos 
100  100   1
P=   10−3  cos = 5  = 2.5 watt
2  2  3 2

36. (1)
E = E0 sin t
 
I − I0 sin(t + )   =
2 2
cos  = 0 = 0 so P = 0

37. (4)
Wattless power = V I sin  ,
 100
V = 2 V

100 100   100
Wattless power =   sin I = A
2 2 6  2
 
 =
 6
= 2.5 × 103 Watt

38. (2)
P = VI cos 
  V  R 
P = V   
 z  z 
V 2R V 2R
P= =
z2 (R2 + 2L2 )

39. (3)
R R
Power factor = cos  = =
Z R + X 2L
2

1100
cos  =
2
 22 7
(1100) +  2   50  
2

 7 2
1100
cos =
(1100)2 + (1100)2
1
cos  =
2

40. (4)
P = Vrms Irms cos 
for pure capacitive circuit
 = 90
so P = 0 (cos90° = 0)

41. (4)
Ldi q
=
dt C
d2q q
L 2=
dt C
on comparing with F = kx
1
m L&G
k
L
So that mk =
C

42. (3)
Q2
Total energy stored =
2C
At any time electrostatic energy is equal to magnetic energy
Q 2 q2 1 2
= + LI …(i)
2C 2C 2
  q2 LI2 
 = 
 2C 2 
By equation (i)
Q 2 q2
=
2C C
Q
q=
2

43. (4)
Energy equally shared at time
T 3T 5T
t= , , ....... at t = T /8
8 8 8
1 2 LC 
t= = = LC
f 8 8 4

44. (1)
1 1
f= =
2 LC 2 0.1  10−6  0.25
105
= = 1007Hz
99.29

45. (4)
I = Qsin t
60  10−6  100
Imax = Q = = 20A
3  10−4
OR
1 2 1 2
LI = CV (Resonance condition)
2 2
CV 2
I =
2

L
60  10−6  100  100
I2 =
1.5  10−3
I = 400
I = 20A
 Alternating Current NEET PYQs

1. A transistor-oscillator using a resonant circuit with an inductor L (of negligible resistance) and
a capacitor C in series produce oscillations of frequency f. If L is doubled and C is changed to 4C,
then frequency will be :-
f
(1)
4
(2) 8f
f
(3)
2 2
f
(4)
2
AIPMT 2006 (+4/–1)

2. A coil of inductive reactance 31  has a resistance of 8  . It is placed in series with a condenser

of capacitive reactance 25  . The combination is connected to an a.c. source of 110 volt. The
power factor of the circuit is :-
(1) 0.56
(2) 0.64
(3) 0.80
(4) 0.33
AIPMT 2006 (+4/–1)

3. What is the value of inductance L for which the current is a maximum in a series LCR circuit with
C=10  F and  = 1000s–1 ?
(1) 10 mH
(2) 100mH
(3) 1 mH
(4) cannot be calculated unless R is known
AIPMT 2007 (+4/–1)

4. In an a.c. circuit the e.m.f. (e) and the current (i) at any instant are given respectively by :-
e = E0 sin  t i = I0 sin (  t –  )
The average power in the circuit over one cycle of a.c. is :-
EI
(1) 0 0 cos 
2
(2) E0I0
 E 0 I0
(3)
2
EI
(4) 0 0 sin 
2
AIPMT 2008 (+4/–1)

5. Power dissipated in an LCR series circuit connected to an a.c. source of emf  is :-

2
 1 
(1)  R 2
R +  L−
2

 C 
 2  1  
2

(2)  R R +  L−
2
 
  C  
 2  1  
2

(3)  2
R +  L−   R
  C  
 2  1  
2

 R +  L−
2
 
  C  
(4)
R
AIPMT 2009 (+4/–1)

6. In the given circuit the reading of voltmeter V1 and V2 are 300 volts each. The reading of the
voltmeter V3 and ammeter A are respectively :
L C R=100

V1 V2 V3
A

220V,50Hz
(1) 100 V, 2.0 A
(2) 150 V, 2.2 A
(3) 220 V, 2.2 A
(4) 220 V, 2.0 A
AIPMT Pre 2010 (+4/–1)

7. A condenser of capacity C is charged to a potential difference of V1. The plates of the condenser
are then connected to an ideal inductor of inductance L. The current through the inductor when
the potential difference across the condenser reduces to V2 is ?
C(V12 − V22 )
(1)
L
C(V1 + V22 )
2
(2)
L
 1/2
 C(V12 − V22 ) 
(3)  
 L 
1/2
 C(V1 − V2 )2 
(4)  
 L 
AIPMT Mains 2010 (+4/–1)

8. An ac voltage is applied to a resistance R and an inductor L in series. If R and the inductive

reactance are both equal to 3 , the phase difference between the applied voltage and the
current in the circuit is :-
(1)  /6
(2)  / 4
(3)  / 2
(4) Zero
AIPMT Pre 2011 (+4/–1)

9. In an ac circuit an alternating voltage e = 200 2 sin 100 t volts is connected to a capacitor of

capacity 1F . The r.m.s. value of the current in the circuit is :-
(1) 10 mA
(2) 100 mA
(3) 200 mA
(4) 20 mA
AIPMT Pre 2011 (+4/–1)

10. The r.m.s. value of potential difference V shown in the figure is :-

V

V0

O t
T/2 T

V0
(1)
3
(2) V0
V0
(3)
2
V0
(4)
2
AIPMT Mains 2011 (+4/–1)

11. A coil has resistance 30 ohm and inductive reactance 20 ohm at 50 Hz frequency. If an ac source,
of 200 volt, 100 Hz, is connected across the coil, the current in the coil will be :-
 (1) 2.0 A
(2) 4.0 A
(3) 8.0 A
20
(4) A
13
AIPMT Mains 2011 (+4/–1)

12. In an electrical circuit R, L, C and an a.c. voltage source are all connected in series. When L is
removed from the circuit, the phase difference between the voltage and the current in the circuit
is  /3 . If instead, C is removed from the circuit the phase difference is again  /3 . The power
factor of the circuit is :
(1) 1
(2) 3 2
1
(3)
2
1
(4)
2
AIPMT Pre 2012 (+4/–1)

13. The instantaneous values of alternating current and voltages in a circuit are given as
1
i= sin(100t) ampere
2
1
e= sin(100t +  /3) volt
2
The average power in Watts consumed in the circuit is :-
1
(1)
2
1
(2)
8
1
(3)
4
3
(4)
4
AIPMT Mains 2012 (+4/–1)

14. A coil of self-inductance L is connected in series with a bulb B and an AC source. Brightness of
the bulb decreases when :
(1) an iron rod is inserted in the coil.
(2) frequency of the AC source is decreased.
(3) number of turns in the coil is reduced.
(4) A capacitance of reactance XC = XL is included in the same circuit.
 NEET-UG 2013 (+4/–1)

15. A series R-C circuit is connected to an alternating voltage source. Consider two situations :-
(a) When capacitor is air filled.
(b) When capacitor is mica filled.
Current through resistor is i and voltage across capacitor is V then :-
(1) Va = Vb
(2) Va < Vb
(3) Va > Vb
(4) ia > ib
Re-AIPMT 2015 (+4/–1)

16. A resistance 'R' draws power 'P' when connected to an AC source. If an inductance is now placed
in series with the resistance, such that the impedance of the circuit becomes 'Z', the power drawn
will be:
R
(1) P
Z
R
(2) P  
Z
(3) P
2
R
(4) P  
Z
AIPMT 2015 (+4/–1)

17. An inductor 20mH, a capacitor 50 F and a resistor 40  are connected in series across a source
of emf V = 10 sin 340t. The power loss in A.C. circuit is :-
(1) 0.51 W
(2) 0.67 W
(3) 0.76 W
(4) 0.89 W
NEET-I 2016 (+4/–1)

18. A small signal voltage V(t) = V0 sin t is applied across an ideal capacitor C :-
(1) Current I(t), lags voltage V(t) by 90°.
(2) Over a full cycle the capacitor C does not consume any energy from the voltage source.
(3) Current I(t) is in phase with voltage V(t).
(4) Current I(t) leads voltage V(t) by 180°.
NEET-I 2016 (+4/–1)

19. Which of the following combinations should be selected for better tuning of an L-C-R circuit used
for communication ?
 (1) R = 15  , L = 3.5 H, C = 30  F
(2) R = 25  , L = 1.5 H, C = 45  F
(3) R = 20  , L = 1.5 H, C = 35  F
(4) R = 25  , L = 2.5 H, C = 45  F
NEET-II 2016 (+4/–1)

20. The potential differences across the resistance, capacitance and inductance are 80V, 40V and
100 V respectively in an L-C-R circuit. The power factor of this circuit is :-
(1) 0.8
(2) 1.0
(3) 0.4
(4) 0.5
NEET-II 2016 (+4/–1)

21. An inductor 20mH, a capacitor 100 F and a resistor 50  are connected in series across a
source of emf, V = 10sin 314t. The power loss in the circuit is -
(1) 0.79 W
(2) 0.43 W
(3) 2.74 W
(4) 1.13 W
NEET-UG 2018 (+4/–1)

22. The variation of EMF with time for four types of generators are shown in the figures. Which
amongst them can be called AC ?
E E E E

(a) t (b) t (c) t (d) t

(1) (a) and (d)

(2) (a), (b), (c) and (d)
(3) (a) and (b)
(4) only (a)
NEET-UG 2019 (Odisha) (+4/–1)

23. A circuit when connected to an AC source of 12 V gives a current of 0.2 A. The same circuit when
connected to a DC source of 12 V, gives a current of 0.4 A. The circuit is
(1) series LR
(2) series RC
(3) series LC
(4) series LCR
NEET-UG 2019 (Odisha) (+4/–1)
24. A 40 F capacitor is connected to a 200V, 50Hz ac supply. The rms value of the current in the
circuit is, nearly :
(1) 25.1 A
(2) 1.7 A
(3) 2.05 A
(4) 2.5 A
NEET-UG 2020

25. A series LCR circuit is connected to an ac voltage source. When L is removed from the circuit, the

phase difference between current and voltage is . If instead C is removed from the circuit, the
3

phase difference is again between current and voltage. The power factor of the circuit is :
3
(1) –1.0
(2) zero
(3) 0.5
(4) 1.0
NEET-UG 2020

26. An inductor of inductance L, a capacitor of capacitance C and a resistor of resistance 'R' are
connected in series to an ac source of potential difference 'V' volts as shown in figure.
Potential difference across L, C and R is 40V, 10V and 40V, respectively. The amplitude of current
flowing through LCR series circuit is 10 2 A. The impedance of the circuit is :-

40V 10V 40V

(1) 4 2 
(2) 5 / 2 
(3) 4
(4) 5
NEET-UG 2021

27. A series LCR circuit containing 5.0 H inductor, 80 F capacitor and 40  resistor is connected to
230V variable frequency ac source. The angular frequencies of the source at which power
transferred to the circuit is half the power at the resonant angular frequency are likely to be :
(1) 25 rad/s and 75 rad/s
(2) 50 rad/s and 25 rad/s
(3) 46 rad/s and 54 rad/s
(4) 42 rad/s and 58 rad/s
 Answer Key
Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Answer 3 3 2 1 2 3 3 2 4 3 2 1 2 1 3
Question 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
Answer 4 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 4 4 4 3

SOLUTIONS
1. (3)
1
f=
2 LC
1
f '= L' = 2L, C' = 4C
2 L'C'
1 1 1 f
f '=  f'=  
2 2L×4C 2 LC 2 2 2 2

2. (3)
Given ; xL = 31 
R = 8
xc = 25 
Impedance
Z= R2 +(XL − XC )2

Z= (8)2 +(31 − 25)2 = 10 

R
Power factor =
Z
8
Power factor = = 0.8
10

3. (2)
Current is maximum at resonance
1 1
for resonance 2 =  L= 2
LC C
1 1
L= −6
= H  100mH
(1000)  10  10
2
10

4. (1)
Given e = E0 sin t
i = I0 sin (t − )
So phase difference = 
power factor = cos 
 By formula
Average power (Pav)
E0 I0 E0I0
Pav = Vrms Irms cos  =  cos  = cos 
2 2 2

5. (2)
Power = Vrms  Irms  cos 
 R
Vrms =  and Irms = and cos  =
z z

2
 2  1  
2

Power =    R   R R +  L−
2
 
z   C  

6. (3)
Using
V 2 = VR2 + ( VL − VC )
2

V = VR2 + ( VL − VC )
2

V = VR2 VL = VC (Condition for resonance)

V = VR  [VL − VC = 0]
V = VR = V3 = 220V
for resonance
V 220
i= i=  i = 2.2A
R 100

7. (3)
Total energy remains constant
CV 2 1 2
+ LI = constant
2 2
Initially I = 0 ; V = V1
1
Total energy = CV12
2
when V → V2
1 2 1 2 1 2
CV2 + LI = CV1
2 L 2
1 2 1
Li = C  V12 − V22 
2 2
Li2 = C ( V12 − V22 )
 C ( V12 − V22 )
i2 =
L
 C ( V12 − V22 ) 
1/2

i= 
 L 

8. (2)
In RL series circuit
X
tan  = L
R
3
tan  =
3
tan  = 1
 
tan  = tan  =
4 4

9. (4)
V0
i0 = e = 200 2sin(100t)
XC
i0 = V0C ...(i)
V0 = 200 2 ;  = 100sec–1; C = 10–6F
i0 = 200 2  100  10−6
i0 = 2 2  10−2 A
i0 2 2  10−2
irms = =
2 2
2 × 10 A = 20 mA
–2

10. (3)
rms value of potential difference
1/2
 T/2 V 2dt + T V 2dt 
 1 T/2 2 
Vrms =  0 
 T 
Here V1 = V0 and V2 = 0
1/2 1/2
 T 1 V 
Vrms =  V02   = 0 
 2 T  2
V0
Vrms =
2

11. (2)
 XL = 20  at 50Hz
Thus at 100Hz XL becomes = 40  (as XL   )

Z = R2 + X2L = 302 + 402 = 50

Vrms 200
Irms = = = 4A
Z 50

12. (1)
In case-1
XC
when L is removed ; tan  =
R
 XC
tan = ….(i)
3 R
In case-2
XL
when C is removed ; tan  =
R
 XL
tan = ….(ii)
3 R
By equation (i) and (ii)
XL XC
=  X L = X C (Condition of resonance)
R R
R
Power factor =
Z
Z = R at resonance, hence P.F = 1

13. (2)
i0 v0 
irms = ; v rms = and =
2 2 3
1 1 1 1
irms = = v rms = =
2 2 2 2 2 2
Average power (Pav ) = VrmsIrms cos 
1 1 
  cos  
2 2 3
1
=  cos(60)
4
1 1 1
=  =
4 2 8

14. (1)
 Brightness of the bulb  I
• decreases when an iron rod is inserted in the coil as impedance of circuit increases. (Z , I )
• increases when frequency of the AC source is decreased as impedance of circuit decreases.
• Increases when number of turns in the coil is reduced as impedance of circuit decreases.
• increases when a capacitance of reactance XC = XL is included in the circuit as impedance of
decreases.

15. (3)
When capacitor is filled with mica then capacitance C increases so XC decreases
In case (b) XC  so voltage across capacitor decreases. so Va > Vb

16. (4)
Pure resistor Resistor & Inductor (Phasor
circuit circuit diagram)
R
R R L 
XL
Z

AC source Impedance = Z
P' = [Link] 
V2 V 
P= P' = V.   .cos 
R Z
V R
 V2 = PR P' =
·
Z Z
(From phasor diagram)
(PR)R
P' =
Z2
2
R
P' =   P
Z

17. (1)
1 1
XC = = = 58.8
C 340  50  10–6
XL = L = 340 × 20 × 10–3 = 6.8 
Z = R2 + (XC − XL )2

Z = 402 + (58.8 − 6.8)2 = 4304 

 Power loss
2
V 
P = i2rmsR =  rms  R
 Z 
2
 10 / 2  50  40
P =  40 =  0.51W
 4304  4304
 

18. (2)
Input voltage, V(t) = V0sin t
dq dV V    
For capacitor, I(t) = =C = CV0 cos t = 0 sin  t +  = I0 sin  t + 
dt dt xc  2  2
 Current I(t) leads voltage V (t) by 90°
Also, Capacitor does not consume any energy over a full cycle.

19. (1)
For better tuning, Q-factor must be high.
oL 1 L 1 L
Q = =  =
R LC  R  R C
R and C should be small and L should be high.

20. (1)
VL − VC 100 − 40 3
tan  = = = or  = 37°
VR 80 4
4
Power factor = cos = cos 37° = or 0.8
5

21. (1)
Here
XL =  L = (314) (20 × 10–3) = 6.280 
1 1
XC = = = 31.84
C 314  100  10−6
R = 50
( XC − X L )
2
Z= + R2

(31.84 − 6.28) + (50) = 56

2 2
Z=
2 2
v   10 
 P =  rms  R =    50 = 0.79watt
 Z   2  56 

22. (2)
Changing polarity is termed as AC.
23. (1)
Here AC current is lesser than DC current that means there is something which opposes AC
current and allow DC current to pass, that is an inductor. There can't be a capacitor as it would
have provided infinite resistance and current would not have flowed.
Therefore the circuit is a series LR.

24. (4)
V V
I= = = VC
X C 1 / C
I = 200 × 40 × 10–6 × 2  ×50
I = 2.5 A

25. (4)
 XC
When C removed ; tan =
3 R
 X
When L removed ; tan = L
3 R
XC XL
=  Resonance  Z = R
R R
R R
Power factor = cos  = = = 1
Z R

26. (4)
I0 = 10 2A
I0
IRMS = = 10A
2

40V 10V 40V

VRMS = VR2 + (VL − VC )2

= (40)2 + (40 − 10)2 = 50V

VRMS 50V
Z= = = 5
IRMS 10V

27. (3)
 L 50
Q= =   = R / L = = 8rad / sec
 R 4
 1 1
0 = = = 50rad / sec.
LC 5  80  10−6

min = 0 − = 46rad / sec
2

max = 0 + = 54rad / sec
2