Note: Electrodynamics Numerical question will uplood soon
Numerical aperture and Angle of Acceptance
a1) Calculate the numerical aperture of afiber with eore index n1= 1.55 and eladdinginde n2=
1.51
Q2) Calculate the numerical aperture and hence the acceptance angle for an optical fiber. Given
that the refractive indices of the core and the cladding are 1.45 and 1.40 respectively.
a3) Afiber cable has an acceptance angle of30° and core refractive index of [Link] the
refractive index of cladding.
Q4) The NA of an optical fiber is 0.5 and the core refractive index is 1.54. ind the refractive index
of cladding.
5) An optical fiber has aNAof0.20 and the refractive indexof cladding is 1.59. Determine the
core refractive
index arid the acceptance angle for the fiber in water which has a refractive index of 1.33.
Q6) A glass material Awithwhich an optical fiber is made has a refractive index of 1.55. This
material is dlad with
another material Bwhoae refractive index is 1.51. The light in the fiber is launched from air.
Calculate the numerical aperture of the fiber.
a7) Calculatethe refractive index of the core and the cladding of an optical fiber with numerical
aperture o.22 and fractional refractive indexchange 0.012.
Q8)The refractive index of core and cladding of SI fiber are 1.52 and 1.41 respectively. Calculate i)
critical angie i) NA, andi)the maximum incidence angle.
9)A glass clad fiber is madé with core glass of ri. 1.5 andthe cladding is doped to give afractional
index difference of 0.0005. find:
i) The refractiye index of the cladding.
i) The critical internal reflection angle,
ii) The critical external acceptance angle
iv) The numerical aperture.
Qu0)An optical glass fiber of refractive index 1.50 is to be clad with another glass to ensure internal
reflection that willcontain light traveling within $° of the fiber axis. What maximum index of
refraction is allowed for the cladding.
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Q11) A
bare optical fiber with no cladding is kept in air medium and has fractional index difference
1.2%. Calculate acceptance angle of fiber.
Interference in thin fllm
Q1)Awedge shaped air film having an angle of 40 sec is illuminated by monochromatic light and
fringes are observed vertically through a microscope the distance measured between consecutive
bright fringes is 0.12cm. Calculate the wavelength of light used.
Q2)Newton's rings formed with sodium light between a flat glass plate and a convex lens are
viewed normally what will be the order of the dark ring which have double the diameter of that the
40th dark ring.
Q3) The diameter of Sth dark ring in Newton's ring experiment was found to be 0.42 cm.
Determine the diameter of 10th dark ring.
Q4) ANewton's ring arrangement is use with a source emiting two wavelength 21 =6K 10 5cmn
and a2 = 4.5 X10-Scm. it is found that the nth dark ring due to 1coincides withn+ 1)h dark
ring for A2. If the radius of the curved surface is 90 cm, find the diameter of 3rd dark ring for A1.
Q5) In Newton's rings experiment the diameter 5th ring was 0.336cm and the diameter of 15th
ring 0.590 cm find the radius of curvature of plano convex lens if the wavelength of light usedis
5890 A
Q6) Newton'srings are observed by keeping aspherical surface of 100 cm radius of a plane glass
plate. If the diameter of the 15th bright ring is 0.590cm and the diameter of the Sth brightring is
0.336 cm what is the wavelength of light used.
Q7) in Newton's rings experiment the diameter 10th dark ring changes from 1.4 cm to 1.27 cm
when aliguídis introduced betweenthe lens and the plate. Calculate the refractive index of the
liquid.
8) Newton'sring are formed using light of wavelength 5896¢ in reflected light with aliquid
placed betvween plane and curved surface. The diarmeter of 7th bright fringe is 0.4 cm radius of
curvature is 1 m. find the refractive index of iquid.
Q9) Newton's ring are formed by light reflected normally from aconvex lens of radius of curvature
90cmand aglass platewith a liquid in between them. The diameter of nth dark ring is 2.2Smm
andthat of (n+9)th dark ring is 4.5 mm Calculate the refractive index of the liquid. Given d=6000
Q10) in Newton's ring experimentthe diameter of nth and (n +8)h bright rings are 4.2 mm and
7rom respedtively. Radius of eurvature of lower surface of lens is 2m, Determine the wavelength of
light used.
Q11) interterence fringes are produced by monochromatic light falling normally on a wedge shaped
film of cellophane whose refractive index is 1.4. the angle of wedge is 20 sec ofarc and the distance
between successive fringes is 0.25 cm. Calculate the wavelength of light.
Q12) Two optically plane glass strips of length 10 cm are placed one over the other. Athin film foil
of thickness 0.01 mm is introduced between them at one end to fram an air flm. Ifthe light used
has wavelength 5900¢. Findthe separation between consecutive bright fringes.
Quantum Physlcs
Q1) if proton is moving with velocity 2% of the velocity of light. Calculate de Broglie wavelength.
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Q2) The radius of nucleus is about 5 X 10-15m. Using uncertainty principle we can place lower
limit on energyof an electron, if it is to be a part of the nucleus.
Q3) An electron has speed of 400m/sec with uncertainty of 0.01%.Find the accuracy in its position.
Q4) An electron is confined in a box of length 10-8m. Calculate minimum uncertainty in its velocity.
Q.5) Anelectron is accelerated by a potential difference of 10 kv. What is De Broglie wavelength
with this electron.
Basic of Semiconductor Physics
Q.1)The resistivity of intrinsic InSbat room temp is 2X 10-4 Qcm. if the mobility of electron is6
m2/V - sec And mobility of hole is 0.2 m2/V - sec. Calculate its intrinsic carrier density.
Q.2) Calculate conductivity of a germanium sample if donor impurity atoms are added to the extent
of one part in 106 germanium atom at room temperature, Assume that only one electron of each
atom takes part in conduction process.
0.3) Calculate the current produced in a Ge sample of cross section 1 cm2 and thickness of 0.01 m
when potential difference of 2V is applied acrass it. The concentration of free electrons in Ge is 2 X
1019/m3 and mobilities of electron andholes are 0.35 m2/V sec and .17 m2/V sec
respectively.
Q.4) Calculate electron and hole concentration in intrinsic silicon at room ternp if its electrical
conductivityis 4X 10-4 mho/m Given that mobility of electron =0,14 m2/V sec and mobility of
hole =0.04 m2/V- sec.
Q.5) What is probability of an electron being thermally excited to conduction band in silicon at 27
CThe band gap energy is 1.12 eV.
Q.6) Determine the concentration of conduction electron
i nasample of silicon if one in every
million slicon atoms isreplaced bya phosphorous atom. Assumeevery phosphorous atom to be
singly ionized. Si has a molar mass of 0.028 kg/mole and density of 2300kg/ m3.
Q.7) in a solid the energy level lies 0.012 eV below Fermilevel. What is the probability of this level
not being occupied by an electron.
0.8) Explain the concept of ferni level, What is the probabilityof an electron being thermally
excited to conduction band in silicon at 20'C. The band gap energy is 4.12eV.
0.9) Fermi level potassiung is 2.1 eV. What are the energies for which the probability of occupancy
at 300k Are 0:99 and 0.01,
0.10) Ferni levelof silver is B.5eV. Find the energy for which the probability of occupancy 300k is
0.9.
Q.11) What isthe Probabilityof an electron being thermallypromoted to conduction band in
diamond at 27CAf band gap is 5.6 eV.
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