Prince Academy

Date : 05-12-2025 STD 10 Maths Total Marks : 80

ch.4, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14

Section A

* Choose the right answer from the given options. [1 Marks Each] [18]

1. −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
−−−−−− −−−−−−
If −−−−−−−
x = √2 + √2 + √2 + … ∞
−
and x is a natural number, then
(A) x 2
+x−2 = 0 (B) x 2
+ 2x + 2 = 0

(C) x 2
−x−2 = 0 (D) x 2
−x+2 = 0

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
−−−−−−−−−−−−
Ans. : (c) : We have, x = √2 + √2 + √−−−−−
2 +…∞
−−−

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
−−−−− −−−−−−
−−−
−−
−−
−−
−−
−−
−
⇒ x = √2 + x [∵ x = √2 + √2 + √2 + … ∞ ]

On squaring both sides, we get

2 2
x = 2+x ⇒ x −x−2 = 0

2. If the quadratic equation mx

2
+ 2x + m = 0 has two equal roots, then find the
values of m .
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) ±1 (D) 0

Ans. : (c): For roots of mx

2
+ 2x + m = 0 to be equal, Discriminant, D = 0
2
∴ (2) − 4(m)(m) = 0

2 2
⇒ 4 − 4m = 0 ⇒ m = 1 ⇒ m = ±1.

3. The discriminant of the equation x

2
+ 9x − 13 = 0 is
(A) 157 (B) 141 (C) 133 (D) 129

Ans. : (c): We have, x + 9x − 13 = 0

2

Here, a = 1, b = 9 and c = −13 .

2 2
∴ Discriminant, D = b − 4ac = (9) − 4(1)(−13)

= 81 + 52 = 133

4. If θ = 45
∘
then the value of 1−cos 2θ
is -
sin 2θ

(A) 1/2 (B) 2 (C) 0 (D) 1

Ans. : (D) 1
5. (sec A + tan A) (1 – sin A) =
(A) sec A (B) sin A (C) cosec A (D) cos A

Page 1
 Ans. : (d) cos A

(sec A + tan A)(1 − sin A)

1 sin A
= ( + ) (1 − sin A)
cos A cos A

1+sin A
= ( ) (1 − sin A)
cos A

2
1− sin A
=
cos A

2
cos A
=
cos A

= cos A

Hence, alternative cos A is correct.

6. Length of an arc of a sector of angle is -
(A) 180
θ
∘ × 2πr (B) θ

360
∘ × 2πr (C) θ

90
∘ × 2πr (D) θ

720
∘ × 2πr

Ans. : (B) 360

θ
∘ × 2πr

7. If the area of a circle is A , radius of the circle is r and circumference of it is C ,

then
(A) rC = 2A
(B) C

A
=
r

(C) AC =
2
r

(D) A

r
= C

Ans. : (a) : A = πr
2
=
r×2πr

2
=
rC

2
⇒ 2A = rC

8. The volume of a hemisphere is 2425

1
cm
3
. Its curved surface area is [ Use π =
22
]
2 7

(A) 793cm 2
(B) 963cm 2

(C) 693cm 2
(D) None of these

Ans. : (c) : Given, volume of hemisphere = 4851

2
cm
3

Let the radius of the hemisphere be ' r ' cm.

∴ Volume of hemisphere =
2

3
πr
3

2 3 4851
⇒ πr =
3 2

3 4851×3×7 21
⇒ r = ⇒ r = cm
2×2×22 2

Now, curved surface area of hemisphere = 2πr

2

22 21×21 2
= 2× × = 693cm
7 2×2

9. Two cones have their heights in the ratio 1 : 3 and radii in the ratio 3 : 1 . The
ratio of their volumes will be
(A) 3 : 1 (B) 1 : 3 (C) 2 : 3 (D) 1 : 4
Ans. : (a) : Let height of one cone be h and height of another cone be 3h . Radius of
one cone is 3r and radius of another cone is r.

Page 2
 1 2
π(3r) ×h

Ratio of their volumes

2
3 9r h 9
∴ = 1
= 2
= = 3 : 1
2 3r h 3
πr ×(3h)
3

10. A sequence a, a + d, a + 2d, … , a + nd , has odd number of terms. Find its median.

(A) a + ( n−1

2
)d

(B) a + ( n

2
− 1) d

(C) a + (
n+2
)d
2

(D) a + ( n

2
+ 2) d

Ans. : (c) : Clearly, the given sequence is an A.P. with first term a and common
difference is d. Given, sequence is a, a + d, a + 2d, a + 3d, … , a + nd As, there are odd
number of terms, so the median is
th th
n+1+1 n+2 n+2
( ) term = ( ) term = a + ( )d
2 2 2

11. (x + 2), xand (x − 1) are the frequencies of the numbers 12, 15 and 20
respectively. If the mean of the distribution is 14.5 , the value of x is
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5

Ans. : (b) : We have, mean

∑ f xi
i
=
∑f
i

12(x + 2) + 15(x) + 20(x − 1)

⇒ = 14.5
(x + 2) + (x) + (x − 1)

⇒ 2(47x + 4) = 29(3x + 1)

⇒ 94x + 8 = 87x + 29 ⇒ 7x = 21 ⇒ x = 3

12. The total surface area of solid hemisphere of radius r is

(A) πr 2
(B) 2πr 2
(C) 3πr 2
(D) 4πr 2

Ans. : (C) 3πr

2

13. Which of the following cannot be the probability of an event?

(A) 0.4 (B) 0.04 (C) 0.0004 (D) 4

Ans. : (D) 4
14. The roots of quadratic equation 3x
2
–
− 4√3x + 4 = 0 are
(A) not real (B) real and equal
(C) rational and distinct (D) irrational and distinct

Ans. : (B) real and equal

15. The following distribution shows the marks distribution of 80 students.
Below Below Below Below Below Below
Marks
10 20 30 40 50 60
No. of
2 12 28 56 76 80
students

Page 3
 The median class is
(A) 20-30 (B) 40-50 (C) 30-40 (D) 10-20

Ans. : (C) 30-40

16. 1−tan
2
30
∘

is equal to
2 ∘
1+tan 30

(A) cos 60 ∘
(B) sin 60 ∘
(C) 1 (D) tan 2 ∘
60

Ans. : (A) cos 60

∘

17. If 3 cot A=4, where ∘

0 < A < 90
∘
then sec A is equal to
(A) 5

4
(B) 4

3
(C) 5

3
(D) 3

Ans. : (A) 5

18. The value of k for which the quadratic equation kx

2
− 5x + 1 = 0 does not have a
real solution, is
(A) 0 (B) 25

4
(C) 4

25
(D) 7

Ans. : (D) 7

* Answer the following questions in one sentence. [1 Marks Each] [2]

19. A circus artist is climbing a 20 m long rope, which is tightly stretched and tied
from the top of a vertical pole to the ground. Find the height of the pole, if the
angle made by the rope with the ground level is 30
∘

Ans. : It can be observed from the figure that AB is the pole.

In △ABC ,
AB ∘
= sin 30
AC

AB 1
=
20 2

20
AB =
2

= 10

Therefore, the height of the pole is 10 m .

20. If P(E) = 0.05, what is the probability of 'not E'?
Ans. : We know that,
P (Ē ) = 1 − P (E)

P (Ē ) = 1 − 0.05

Page 4
 P (Ē ) = 0.95

Therefore, the probability of ' not E ' is 0.95.

Section B

* Given section consists of questions of 2 marks each. ( Write any 5 ) [10]

1. Find two numbers whose sum is 27 and product is 182.

Ans. : Let the two numbers be x, 27 - x.
According to the question
x (27 - x) =182
⟹ 27x - x2 -182 = 0
⟹ x2 - 27x + 182 = 0
⟹ x2 - 13x -14x + 182 = 0
⟹ x (x-13) - 14 (x-13) = 0
⟹ (x-13) (x-14) = 0
Either x-13 = 0 or x - 14 = 0
⟹ x = 13, 14
Hence, the required numbers are 13, 14
2. Find the nature of the roots of the quadratic equation 2
3x
–
− 4√3x + 4 = 0 . If the
real roots exist. Find it.
Ans. : The given quadratic equation is
2
–
3x − 4√3x + 4 = 0

Here, a = 3, b = −4√3 , c = 4
–

∴ discriminant = b2 - 4ac
– 2
= (−4√3) − 4(3)(4)

= 48 - 48 = 0
Hence, the given quadratic equation
has two equal real roots.
The roots are = −
b

2a
,−
b

2a

(−4 √3) (−4 √3) 2 2

i.e. − ,− , i.e. ,
2×3 2×3 √3 √3

3. Find the value of k for the quadratic equation kx(x − 2) + 6 = 0, so that they have
two equal roots.
Ans. : kx(x − 2) + 6 = 0
⇒ kx2 − 2kx + 6 = 0
Comparing quadratic equation kx2 − 2kx + 6 = 0 with general form ax2 + bx + c = 0,
we get a = k, b = -2k and c = 6
Discriminant = b2 − 4ac = (−2k)2 - 4(k)(6) = 4k2 − 24k

Page 5
 We know that two roots of quadratic equation are equal only if discriminant is
equal to zero.
Putting discriminant equal to zero
4k2−24k =0
⇒ 4k(k − 6) ⇒ k = 0, 6
The basic definition of quadratic equation says that quadratic equation is the
equation of the form ax2 + bx + c = 0, where a ≠ 0
Therefore, in equation kx2 − 2kx + 6 = 0, we cannot have k = 0.
Therefore, we discard k = 0.
Hence the answer is k = 6.
4. If tan (A + B) = –
√3 and tan (A - B) = 1
; 0° < A + B ≤ 90°; A > B, then find A and B.
√3

Ans. : We have,
tan (A + B) = √3
–

⇒tan(A+B) = tan 60°

A + B = 60°..........(i)
Again, tan (A - B ) = √3
1

⇒ tan(A-B) = tan 30°

A - B = 30°..........(ii)
Adding, (i) and (ii)
2A = 90°
A=
∘

∴ =45° 90

Putting A=45 in equation (i), o

B = 60° - A = 60° - 45° = 15°

Therefore,
A = 45° and B = 15°.
5. If cot θ =
7
, evaluate
(1+sin θ)(1−sin θ)
.
8 (1+cos θ)(1−cos θ)

Ans. : Given: cot θ =

7

To Evaluate:
(1+sin θ)(1−sin θ)

(1+cos θ)(1−cos θ)

2 2
1− sin θ cos θ
= 2
= 2
1− cos θ sin θ

= cot2θ
2
7
= ( )
8

49
=
64

6. Evaluate: ∘
sin 30 +tan 45 − cosec60
∘
∘

∘ ∘
∘

sec 30 +cos 60 +cot 45

Ans. : We have
∘ ∘ ∘
sin 30 +tan 45 − cosec60
∘ ∘ ∘
sec 30 +cos 60 +cot 45

after putting values,we get

Page 6
 1 2
+1−
2 √3
= 2 1
+ +1
√3 2

3 2
−
2 √3
= 3 2
+
2 √3

Rationalise it, we get

3 √3−4
=
3 √3+4

3 √3−4 3 √3−4
= ×
3 √3+4 3 √3−4

2
(3 √3−4 )
= 2 2
(3 √3) −(4 )

27+16−24 √3
=
27−16

43−24 √3
=
11

7. If sin(A − B) =
1
and cos(A + B) =
1
,0
∘
< A + B < 90
∘
and A > B, then find the
2 2

values of A and B.
1 .
sin(A − B) = ⇒ A − B = 30 . . . . (i)∘
Ans. : 2

1 .
cos(A + B) = ⇒ A + B = 60 . . . . (ii)∘
2

Solving (i) & (ii) to get ∘

A = 45 , B = 15
∘

8. Calculate mode of the following distribution:

Class 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35
Frequency 5 6 15 10 5 4
Ans. :
Class 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35
Freque
5 6 15 10 5 4
ncy
Modal class is 15-20.

𝑀𝑜𝑑𝑒 = 15 + 5 × ( 15−6

2×15−6−10
)

= 18.21 (approx.)

Section C

* Given section consists of questions of 3 marks each. ( Write any 6 ) [18]

1. A chord of a circle of radius 10 cm subtends a right angle at the centre. Find the
area of the corresponding:
i. minor segment
ii. major sector.

Page 7
 Ans. :

Area of minor segment = Area of sector AOBC - Area of right triangle AOB
θ 2 1
= ∘ π(OA) − × OA × OB
360 2
∘
90 2 1
= ∘ × 3.14(10) − × 10 × 10
360 2

= 78.5 − 50

2
= 28.5cm

Hence, the area of minor segment is 28.5cm

2

2. A horse is tied to a peg at one corner of a square shaped grass field of side 15
m by means of a 5 m long rope. Find
i. the area of that part of the field in which the horse can graze.
ii. the increase in the grazing area if the rope were 10 m long instead of 5
m (Use π= 3.14)

Page 8
 Ans. :

i. The area of that part of the field in which the horse can graze if the length
of the rope is 5cm
1 2 1 2 1 2
= πr = × 3.14 × (5) = × 78.5 = 19.625m
4 4 4

ii. The area of that part of the field in which the horse can graze if the length
of the rope is 10 m
1 2 1 2 2
= πr = × 3.14 × (10) = 78.5m
4 4

∴ The increase in the grazing area

= 78.5 - 19.625 = 58.875cm2

3. A brooch is made with silver wire in the form of a circle with diameter 35 mm.
The wire is also used in making 5 diameters which divide the circle into 10 equal
sectors as shown in figure. Find:
i. the total length of the silver wire required.
ii. the area of each sector of the brooch [Use π =
22

7
]

Ans. :
i. ∵ Diameter = 35 mm
∴ Radius = mm 35

∴ Circum ference = 2πr

= 2×
22

7
×
35

2
= 110mm ..... (1)
Length of 5 diameters

Page 9
 = 35 × 5 = 175 mm ...... ( 2 )
∴ The total length of the silver wire required
= 110 + 175 = 285 mm ​
ii.
∘
35 360 ∘
r = mm, θ = = 36
2 10

∴ The area of each sector of the brooch

θ 2
= × πr
360

=
36

360
×
22

7
×
35

2
×
35

2
=
385

4
mm
2
​
4. The following table gives the literacy rate (in percentage) of 35 cities. Find the
mean literacy rate.
Literacy rate (in %) 45-55 55-65 65-75 75-85 85-95
Number of cities 3 10 11 8 3
Ans. : Take a = 70, h = 10
Literacy Number of Class
di = xi –70 xi −70
f iui
rate (in %) cities (f i) mark (xi)
ui =
10

45-55 3 50 –20 –2 –6
55-65 10 60 –10 –1 –10
65-75 11 70 0 0 0
75-85 8 80 10 1 8
85-95 3 90 20 2 6
∑ f iui=
Total ∑ f i= 35
-2
sing the step-deviation method,

=a+ h= 70 +(
∑ fi ui
¯¯
x̄ (
∑ fi
)×
−2

35
)× 10
= 70 - = 70 - 0.57 = 69.43%
4

Hence, the mean literacy rate is 69.43%

5. It is given that in a group of 3 students, the probability of 2 students not having
the same birthday is 0.992. What is the probability that the 2 students have the
same birthday?
Ans. : Let the probability of 2 students having same birthday = P (SB)

And the probability of 2 students not having the same birthday = P

(NSB)
∴ P (SB) + P (N SB) = 1

P (SB) + 0.992 = 1

P (SB) = 1 − 0.992

P (SB) = 0.008

6. A piggy bank contains hundred 50 p coins, fifty ₹ 1 coins, twenty ₹ 2 coins and
ten ₹ 5 coins. If it is equally likely that one of the coins will fall out when the
bank is turned upside down, what is the probability that the coin

Page 10
 i. will be a 50 p coin?
ii. will not be a ₹ 5 coin?
Ans. : Number 50 p coins in the piggy bank = 100
Number of Re. 1 coins in the piggy bank = 50
Number of Rs. 2 coins in the piggy bank = 20
Number of Rs. 5 coins in the piggy bank = 10
∴ Total number of coins in the piggy bank = 100 + 50 + 20 -10 = 180
∴ Number of all possible outcomes = 180
i. Number of favourable outcomes to the event that the coin will be a 50 p
coin = 100
∴ Probability that the coin will be a 50 p coin
N umber of f avourable outcomes to the event that the coin will be a 50 p coin 100 5
=
N umber of all possible outcomes 180 9

ii. Number of favourable outcomes to the event that the coin will not be a Rs.
5 coin
= 100 + 50 + 20 = 170
∴ Probability that the coin will not be Rs. 5 coin
T otal no. of f avourable outcomes 170 17
=
T otal number of possible outcomes 180 18

7. A box contains 90 discs which are numbered from 1 to 90. If one disc is drawn
at random from the box, find the probability that it bears
i. a two-digit number
ii. a perfect square number
iii. a number divisible by 5.
Ans. : Total number of favourable outcomes = 90
N umber of f avourble outcomes
P robability of the event =
T otal number of possible outcomes

i. Number of two-digit numbers from 1 to 90 are 90 - 9 = 81

∴ Favourable outcomes = 81
Hence, P (getting a disc bearing a two-digit number) = =
81

90 10
9

ii. From 1 to 90, the perfect squares are 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64 and 81.
∴ Favourable outcomes = 9
Hence P (getting a perfect square) = =
9

90
1

10

iii. The numbers divisible by 5 from 1 to 90 are 18.

∴ Favourable outcomes = 18

Hence P (getting a number divisible by 5) = 18

90
=
1

8. Prove that: (cosec A − sin A)(sec A − cos A) =

1
.
tan A+cot A

Ans. : LHS = (
sin A
1
− sin A) (
1

cos A
− cos A)

2 2
1− sin A 1− cos A
= ×
sin A cos A

2 2
cos A sin A
= ×
sin A cos A

Page 11
 = cos A sin A

cos A sin A
RHS = 2 2
sin A+ cos A

= cos A sin A = LHS

9. Find the mean using the step deviation method.

Class 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50
Frequenc
6 10 15 9 10
y
Ans. :
Class x frequency(f) u =
x−25
𝑓u
10

0-10 5 6 -2 -12
10-20 15 10 -1 -10
20-30 25 15 0 0
30-40 35 9 1 9
40-50 45 10 2 20
∑ fu
∑ f = 50
= 7

Mean = 25 + 10 × (
7

50
)

= 26.4

Section D

* Given section consists of questions of 5 marks each. ( Write any 4 ) [20]

1. Rachel, an engineering student, was asked to make a model shaped like a

cylinder with two cones attached at its two ends by using a thin aluminium
sheet. The diameter of the model is 3 cm and its length is 12 cm. If each cone
has a height of 2 cm, find the volume of air contained in the model that Rachel
made. (Assume the outer and inner dimensions of the model to be nearly the
same). [ use π =
22

7
]

Ans. : For upper conical portion

Radius of the base(r) = 1.5 cm
Height (h1) = 2 cm

∴ Volume = 1

3
π r2h1 = 1

3
(1.5)2(2) = 1.5π cm3
π

Page 12
 For lower conical portion
Volume = 1.5π cm3
For central cylindrical portion
Radius of the base(r) = 1.5 cm
Height (h2) = 12 - (2 + 2) = 12 - 4 = 8 cm

∴ Volume = πr2h2 = 1

3
(1.5)2(8)= 18π cm3
π

Therefore, volume of the model = 1.5π + 1.5π + 18π = 21π = 21 ×

22

7
= 66 cm3
Hence, the volume of the air contained in the model that Rechel made is 66 cm3.
2. A solid toy is in the form of a hemisphere surmounted by a right circular cone.
The height of the cone is 2 cm and the diameter of the base is 4 cm. Determine
the volume of the toy. If a right circular cylinder circumscribes the toy, find the
difference of the volume of the cylinder and toy. (Take π= 3.14)

Ans. : According to the question, A solid toy is in the form of a hemisphere

surmounted by a right circular cone. The height of the cone is 2 cm and the
diameter of the base is 4 cm.
Let BPC is a hemisphere and ABC is a cone.
Radius of hemisphere = Radius of cone
4
= = 2cm
2

h = Height of cone = 2 cm
 Volume of toy =
2

3
πr
3
+
1

3
πr h
2

1 2 1
= πr (2r + h) = × 3.14 × 2 × 2(2 × 2 + 2)
3 3

1
= × 3.14 × 4 × 6
3

= 25.12cm ...(i)
3

Let right circular cylinder EFGH circumscribe the given solid toy.
Radius of cylinder = 2 cm,
Height of cylinder = 4 cm
Volume of right circular cylinder 2
= πr h

= 3.14 × (2)
2
× 4cm
3
...(iii)
3
= 50.24cm

∴ Difference of two volume = Volume of cylinder - Volume of toy

= 50.24 - 25.12
=25.12 cm3
3. A gulab jamun, contains sugar syrup up to about 30% of its volume. Find
approximately how much syrup would be found in 45 gulab jamun, each shaped
like a cylinder with two hemispherical ends with length 5 cm and diameter 2.8
cm.

Ans. :

2 3 2 2 3
= π(1.4) + π(1.4) (2.2) + π(1.4)
3 3

4 3 2
= π(1.4) + π(1.4) (2.2)
3

2 4×1.4
= π(1.4) [ + 2.2]
3
 5.6+6.6
= π(1.96) [ ]
3

π(1.96)(12.2)
3
= cm
3

∴ Volume of 45 gulab jamuns

π(1.96)(12.2)
= 45 ×
3

= 15π(1.96 × 12.2)

22
= 15 × × 1.96 × 12.2
7

= 15 × 22 × 2.8 × 12.2

= 1127.28 cm3
∴ Volume of syrup

30
= 1127.28 ×
100

= 338.184 cm3
= 338 cm3 (approx.)
4. The following data gives the distribution of total monthly household expenditure
of 200 families of a village. Find the modal monthly expenditure of the families.
Also, find the mean monthly expenditure:
Expenditure (in ₹) Frequency
1000-1500 24
1500-2000 40
2000-2500 33
2500-3000 28
3000-3500 30
3500-4000 22
4000-4500 16
4500-5000 7
Ans. : We may observe from the given data that maximum class frequency is 40
belonging to 1500 - 2000 interval.
Class size (h) = 500
Mode= l + h
f −f
1
×
2f − f − f
1 2

Lower limit (l) of modal class = 1500

Frequency (f) of modal class = 40
Frequency (f 1) of class preceding modal class = 24
Frequency (f 2) of class succeeding modal class = 33

mode= 1500 + 40−24

2×40−24−33
500
×

= 1500 + 16

80−57
× 500
= 1500 + 347.826
= 1847.826 ≈ 1847.83
 Expenditure Number of
xi di = xi - 2750 ui uif i
(in ₹.) families f i
1000-1500 24 1250 -1500 -3 -72
1500-2000 40 1750 -1000 -2 -80
2000-2500 33 2250 -500 -1 -33
2750=
2500-3000 28 0 0 0
a
3000-3500 30 3250 500 1 30
3500-4000 22 3750 1000 2 44
4000-4500 16 4250 1500 3 48
4500-5000 7 4750 2000 4 28
Σfi = 200 Σfi di = - 35

Meanx̄ = a + h
Σf di
¯¯ i
×
Σf
i

¯¯
x̄ = 2750 + −35

200
× 500
¯¯
x̄ = 2750 - 87.5
¯¯
x̄ = 2662.5
5. The distribution below gives the weights of 30 students of a class. Find the
median weight of the students.
Weight(in kg) Number of students
40-45 2
45-50 3
50-55 8
55-60 6
60-65 6
65-70 3
70-75 2
Ans. :
Weight (in kg) Number of students Cumulative frequency
40-45 2 2
45-50 3 5
50-55 8 13
55-60 6 19
60-65 6 25
65-70 3 28
70-75 2 30
Now, n = 30
So, n

2
=
30

2
= 15
 This observation lies in the class 55-60,
So, 55-60 is the median class.
Therefore,
l = 55
h=5
f=6
cf = 13
n
−cf

∴ Median= l + ( 2

f
) × h = 55 + (
15−13

6
) ×5

10 5
= 55 + = 55 +
6 3

= 55 + 1.67 = 56.67
Hence, the median weight of the students is 56.67 kg.
6. From the top of a 9 m high building, the angle of elevation of the top of a cable
tower is 60
∘
and angle of depression of its foot is ∘
45 . Determine the height of
the tower and distance between building and tower. ( Use
–
√3 = 1.732)

Ans. :

Let AB be the building and CD be the tower.

Here ∘ – h
tan 60 = √3 =
x

–
⇒ h = x√3 ………..(i)
∘ 9
tan 45 = = 1
x

⇒ x = 9m ………….(ii) ( Distance between tower and building)

Solving (i) & (ii) to get h = 9 × 1.732 = 15.588m
Therefore, the height of the tower = h + 9 = 24.588m.
7. As observed from the top of a 75 m high lighthouse from the sea level, the
angles of depression of two ships are 30 and 45 If one ship is exactly behind
∘ ∘

the other on the same side of the lighthouse, find the distance between the two
ships (Use
–
√3 = 1.732)
 Ans. :

Let AB be the light house and C & D be positions of ships.

∘ 1 75
tan 30 = =
√3 x+y

–
⇒ x + y = 75√3 …………..(i)
∘ 75
tan 45 = 1 =
y

⇒ y = 75 ………(ii)
Solving (i) & (ii) to get
–
x = 75(√3 − 1)

⇒ x = 75 × 0.732

= 54.9m
Distance between the ships is 54.9m

Section E

* Case study based questions ( Write any 3 ) [12]

1. A builder of residential project have a vacant square land of side 21m. He

wants to make a temple in the shape of semi-circle and a park in the shape of
two quadrants of a circle as shown in the figure.

Based on the above information, answer the following questions.

i. Find the area of square.
ii. Area of two quadrants, shown in figure, is?
iii. Find the area of semi-circular temple.
Or
Find the area of unshaded region.

Ans. : [Link] of square ABCD = 21 × 21 = 441m2

[Link] of two quadrants

∘
2 90
= 2(πr × ∘ )
360

22 21 21 1 2
= × × × = 173.25m
7 2 2 2
 [Link] of semi-circular temple =
1

2
2
(πr )

1 22 21 21 2
= × × × = 173.25m
2 7 2 2

Or
Area of unshaded region = Area of semi-circle + Area of two quadrants.
= 173.25 + 173.25 = 346.5m2
2. Two families- Gupta's and Singhal's are lived in a colony. Gupta family has two
children while Singhal family has 3 children.

On the basis of the above information, answer the following questions.

i. Find the probability that Mr Singhal has exactly 2 girls and 1 boy.
ii. What is the probability of Gupta having atleast 1 boy?
iii. What is the probability of Gupta having atleast 1 Girl?
Or
What is the probability of Singhal having no boy?

Ans. : 1. 1

2. 2

3. 2

Or
1

3. A group of students conducted a survey to find out about the preferred mode
of transportation to school among their classmates. They surveyed 200 students
from their school. The results of the survey are as follows:
120 students preferred to walk to school.
25% of the students preferred to use bicycles.
10% of the students preferred to take the bus.
Remaining students preferred to be dropped off by car.
Based on the above information, answer the following questions:
(i) What is the probability that a randomly selected student does not prefer to
 walk to school?
(ii) Find the probability of a randomly selected student who prefers to walk or
use a bicycle.
(iii)(A) One day 50% of walking students decided to come by bicycle. What is the
probability that a randomly selected student comes to school using a bicycle on
that day?
OR
(B) What is the probability that a randomly selected student prefers to be
dropped off by car?
Ans. : (i) Number of students who do not prefer to walk = 200 − 120 = 80
P (selected student doesn’t prefer to walk) = or 80

200
2

(ii) Total number of students who prefer to walk or use bicycle = 120 + 50
= 170
P (selected student prefers to walk or use bicycle) = 170

200
or 17

20

(iii) (A) 50% of walking students who used bicycle = 60

Number of students who already use bicycle = 50
P (selected student uses bicycle) = 110

200
or 11

20

OR
(B) Number of students who preferred to be dropped by car
= 200 − (120 + 50 + 20)
= 10 students
P (selected student is dropped by car) = 10

200
or 1

20

4. Radha, an aspiring landscape designer, is tasked with creating a visually

captivating pool design that incorporates a unique arrangement of fountains.
The challenge entails arranging the fountains in such a way that when water is
thrown upwards, it forms the shape of a parabola. The graph of one such
parabola is given below.

The height of each fountain rod above water level is 10 cm. The equation of the
downward-facing parabola representing the water fountain is given by
 2
p(x) = −x + 5x − 4

Based on the above information, answer the following questions:

(i) Find the zeroes of the polynomial p(x) from the graph.
(ii) Find the value of x at which water attains maximum height.
(iii)(A) If h is the maximum height attained by the water stream from the water
level of the pool, then find the value of h.
OR
(B) At what point(s) on x- axis, the height of water above x- axis is 2 m?
Ans. : (i) 1 and 4
(ii) 𝑥 = 5/2

(iii) (A) At x = 5/2, p(x) = 2.25

Therefore, h = 0.10 + 2.25 = 2.35m

OR
(B) −x
2
+ 5x − 4 = 2

2
x − 5x + 6 = 0

(x − 2)(x − 3) = 0

⇒ x = 2 and x = 3

Therefore, required points are (2,0) and (3,0)

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