Overhead Transmission Line Inspection Guide
Overhead Transmission Line Inspection Guide
Amendment No 7
15 November 2019
Revision History
This standard replaces amendment no 6. All changes are highlighted in this
document with grey colouring.
Important Disclaimer
As the information contained in this publication is subject to change from time
to time, Endeavour Energy gives no warranty that the information is correct or
complete at the time of its use or is a definitive statement of procedures.
Endeavour Energy reserves the right to vary the content of this publication as
and when required. You should make independent inquiries to satisfy yourself
as to the correctness and accuracy of the content. Endeavour Energy is no
liable to any persons in respect of anything done or not done by any such
person in reliance, whether in whole or in part, on this document.
Copyright
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reproduced by any process without the written permission of Endeavour
Energy, except as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968.
Contact Information
The latest version of this document and other standards, are located on
Endeavour Energy’s standards website located at:
[Link]
ndards/Standards.
For any enquiries relating to the content of this document please contact the
Standards Coordinator on 13 10 81.
Document Control
Documentation content coordinator: Mains Assets Manager
Documentation process coordinator: Standards Process Coordinator
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Contents
1 Documentation scope 5
2 References 5
3 Definitions and Abbreviations 6
4 General requirements 7
4.1 Authorisations 7
4.2 Duty of care 7
4.3 Inspection 7
4.4 Records and defects management 7
4.5 Critical feeders 7
5 Inspection cycles 8
6 Routine overhead line inspection 9
6.1 Steel tower structures 9
6.2 Pole structures 10
6.3 Crossarms 11
6.4 Conductors 11
6.5 Conductor hardware 12
6.6 Stay-wire system 13
6.7 Earthing system 13
6.8 Warning markers 14
6.9 Equipment attached to conductors or poles 15
3
9 Transmission access tracks 17
10 Waterway crossings 18
10.1 Waterway crossing signs 18
10.2 Waterway crossing clearances 18
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MMI 0012 – Overhead transmission line routine inspection
1 Documentation scope
This Standard outlines the requirements for the routine inspection and maintenance of:
Overhead pilot cables associated with protection and SCADA communication systems.
Below-ground condition inspections nor remaining strength analysis of timber and steel
transmission poles, which is detailed in MMI 0001;
Requirements for defects found within Bushfire Prone Areas, which is defined in MMI 0034 and
MMI 0013;
Maintenance data entry and defect prioritisation, which is detailed in SMI 124; nor
Completing thermovision surveys of transmission overhead lines which is detailed in MMI 0032.
2 References
External Acts & Regulations
Electricity Supply Act 1995 (NSW)
Electricity Supply (Safety and Network Management) Regulation 2014
Work Health and Safety Act 2011
Work Health and Safety Regulation 2017
External Standards
ENA National Electricity Network Safety Code (Doc 01-2008)
ENA National Guidelines for aerial surveillance of overhead electricity networks (NENS 08-2006)
AS 6947: 2009 – Crossing of waterways by electricity infrastructure
AS/NZS 7000:2016 – Overhead line design – detailed procedures
NSW Maritime: Boaters’ Guide to Electricity cable crossings of NSW navigable waters
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MMI 0012 – Overhead transmission line routine inspection
Company Standards
Environmental Management Standard EMS 0006 – Maintenance and construction of access
tracks
Mains Design Instruction MDI 0031 – Overhead line design
Mains Maintenance Instruction MMI 0001 – Pole and line inspection and treatment procedures
Mains Maintenance Instruction MMI 0013 – Vegetation clearance management
Mains Maintenance Instruction MMI 0032 – Thermovision of distribution and transmission lines
Mains Maintenance Instruction MMI 0034 – Pre-summer bushfire inspections
Substation Maintenance Instruction SMI 0124 – Maintenance data entry and defect prioritisation
Term Definition
Full detailed line inspection of overhead mains assets in accordance with
Full overhead line this instruction. Condition of line and associated assets is examined either
inspection from ground level with the use of visual aids, such as stabilised binoculars,
and/or with the use of aerial and/or vehicle patrols.
Steel structure
Steel structure is climbed with the line energised and the condition of the
climbing
structure, line and associated assets is examined.
inspection
Process by which thermal imaging infrared equipment is used to survey
overhead transmission lines to examine the temperature rise of joints,
Thermovision terminations and defects of the associated equipment, including detection
of a low/zero insulation insulator in the system. Also known as infra-red
survey.
Ellipse Endeavour Energy’s asset database
A location when any of the following are within 100m of Endeavour
Energy’s assets:
School grounds and children’s playgrounds;
Special Location
Public swimming pool, popular beaches, water recreation areas, or
a public thoroughfare.
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MMI 0012 – Overhead transmission line routine inspection
4 General requirements
Inspection of all overhead transmission lines is to be carried out in accordance with this instruction.
4.1 Authorisations
These instructions must be carried out only by persons authorised by Endeavour Energy in accordance
with Company Procedure GAM 0089 – Authorisations Governance and Management.
4.3 Inspection
Inspections are to be carried out, with the mains energised, while observing safe working procedures and
clearances. The inspection is to include the repair of simple defects that can be easily and safely rectified
during the inspection.
This instruction provides guidance on what to inspect for each component within an overhead transmission
line based on historical occurrence. Inspections do not need to be constrained to the items categorically
described in this instruction. If any other defects are identified during the routine inspection, these must be
reported for corrective action.
These defects are to be prioritised in accordance with SMI 124 - Maintenance data entry and defect
prioritisation.
In the event of uncertainty over the prioritisation of a particular defect, clarification must be sought from the
Regional Transmission Manager.
Alterations to the inspection map or structure number which may be required to improve the accuracy of
the data in GIS is to be recorded on Branch Form FAD 2001 - Notification of Network Alteration Sheet
(White Sheet) and submitted to Asset Metering & Data Branch.
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MMI 0012 – Overhead transmission line routine inspection
5 Inspection cycles
Inspections must be carried out on poles, steel tower structures and all visible pilot cables for 132kV, 66kV
and 33kV line components at the intervals shown in Table 1 below.
Table 1 – Inspection intervals
Overhead
transmission Inspection Inspection interval Reference
line asset
Access track patrol (including
inspection of network structures 1.5 years Clause 9
Critical 132kV, 66kV
on access track)
and 33kV lines*
Full overhead line inspection 3 years Clause 6
In conjunction with
Pilot cables Inspection Clause 6
full OHL inspection
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MMI 0012 – Overhead transmission line routine inspection
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MMI 0012 – Overhead transmission line routine inspection
Vertical alignment X X X
Damage as a result of vehicle or other impact X X X
Lightning damage X X X
Fire damage X X X
Change in ground line profile due to filling, excavation or
X X X
erosion
Foreign objects attached to the structure, such as birds’
X X X
nests or vines
Broken strands and rust condition associated with the
X X X
earth bond
Missing or incorrect feeder number labels, structure
X X X
number labels, and any other utility joint use markers
Loose nuts and bolts on the structure. Tighten where
X X X
possible.
Missing or loose pole cap X X X
Rust and/or discolouration of steel X
Integrity of the anti-corrosion barrier, if fitted X
Corrosion or exposure of steel reinforcement X
Spalling of concrete and excessive cracks/fractures X
Excessive splits of wood, particularly at the pole top X
Pole top fire X
Termite attack X
Rotting of the pole top X
Loose sapwood X
Multiple or large knot holes X
Heavy rust on pole reinforcement components X
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MMI 0012 – Overhead transmission line routine inspection
6.3 Crossarms
The condition of crossarms must be inspected and reported as detailed by Table 4 below:
Crossarms
Inspection task
Timber Steel
Rotting X
Splitting, cracking or major holes X
Fire damage X X
Lightning damage X X
Alignment and/or warping X X
Buckled or loose braces and kings bolt X X
Rust X
6.4 Conductors
The condition of phase conductors, earth wires and overhead pilot cable systems must be inspected and
reported as detailed by Table 5 below:
Conductors
Inspection Task
Phase Conductors Earth Wire Pilot Cable
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MMI 0012 – Overhead transmission line routine inspection
Conductor slip at the conductor clamp, conductor spacer and vibration damper;
Broken strands near the dead end, suspension clamp and conductor spacer;
Insufficient clearance, twisted conductors on the jumper conductors connected between deadends
on angle or section structures;
Conductor slipping out of the groove of the supporting insulator or the conductor clamp;
Severe wearing on the clamp, conductor spacer and any supporting hardware;
If vibration dampers are installed on both phase and earth wire conductors on the feeder.
Deformation;
Broken strands; or
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MMI 0012 – Overhead transmission line routine inspection
A closer inspection must be carried out with the use of an EWP where spacers are found to be:
Broken;
Alternatively, inspection of the spacers may be done by using a UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle), to
access sites that cannot be reached by an EWP and record the condition of the spacer using high quality
digital imagery.
Where spacers are found to have major deformation and no conductor damage, the spacers are to be
replaced with the new style cast units.
In situations where the damaged spacer has caused further damage to the conductor through abrasion, a
repair to the conductor will be required before the spacer can be replaced.
Where the damage to the conductor is minor, the repair may be completed by wrapping on a preformed
repair rod. Where the damage is more extensive, full tension compression sleeves must be used.
6//4.75 + 7/1.60 ACSR, 6/1.86 + 7/0.62 ACSR or 7/4.5 AAC – a maximum of two (2) outer strands
broken
19/3.25 AAC or 19/4.75 AAC – a maximum of four (4) outer strands broken.
Loose earth anchor, lack of earth coverage and significant earth settlement;
Checking for broken strands, rusty condition of earth bond and down lead;
Checking and tightening all loose connections associated with the earthing system;
Checking the earth wire batten for security and degradation of timber;
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MMI 0012 – Overhead transmission line routine inspection
Checking for rust and/or corrosion on connections located near the ground level of the steel
towers and wooden poles;
The earthing resistance of structures within the first and last 2km of all feeders is critical in the prevention
of substation damage caused by lightning. Therefore, the earthing resistance of all such structures must
be tested every 12 years and must be less than 10 Ohms.
Additionally, the earthing systems of structures in special locations must be tested every 12 years for step
and touch potentials.
Refer to MDI 0031 – Overhead line design for additional details of locations where aerial marker balls are
required to be installed.
The condition of marker balls is to be observed through stabilised binoculars; focussing on:
The mounting of the balls to confirm that they are securely fastened;
The colour of the ball has not faded and remains clearly visible; and
A defect must be raised for replacement within one (1) month if any marker ball is found to be:
Damaged; or
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MMI 0012 – Overhead transmission line routine inspection
The crossing markers must be installed, facing away from the crossing on the second and third structures
either side of the crossings location. Where it is identified that these markers are not to be installed, a
defect must be raised and a marker installed within one (1) month.
Contact alignment X X
Discolouration of contacts X X
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MMI 0012 – Overhead transmission line routine inspection
The location of the line fault indicator is to be compared with that shown on the printed maps from GIS and
the Toughbook hand-held computers. Any line fault indicator that is found in the field and not shown on
GIS is to be recorded on Branch Form FAD 2001 – Notification of Network Alteration Sheet (White Sheet)
and submitted to the Asset Metering & Data for inclusion in GIS.
Phase conductors and earth wires must be inspected as set out in Clause 6.4
Clamps, joints and fixing arrangements associated with the phase conductors and earth wires
must be inspected as set out in Clause 6.5.2
Overhead pilot cable system must be inspected as set out in Clause 6.4
8 Clearances
8.1 Vegetation clearances
Overhead lines must be inspected for adequate clearance from trees in accordance with MMI 0013 –
Vegetation clearance management.
Refer to MMI 001 - Pole and line inspection and treatment procedures for further information on the
prioritisation of ground clearance defects.
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MMI 0012 – Overhead transmission line routine inspection
Table 7 outlines typical access track defects that must be inspected and recorded.
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MMI 0012 – Overhead transmission line routine inspection
10 Waterway crossings
10.1 Waterway crossing signs
Signs for all navigable waterway crossings must be inspected annually. The signs must be maintained in
good order so that they are visible at all times to vessels in the area at least 100 metres prior to the
crossing.
Inspections are to be completed each year and where it is identified that there are signs that require
maintenance, a defect must be raised, and a priority assigned in accordance with Annexure 9: Defect
Prioritisation MMI 0001 - Pole and line inspection and treatment procedures.
Check the conductor clearance for the crossing span. The height of conductors must be measured at the
lowest point of the crossing span over water. This will require the use of a suitable boat and an insulated
height stick or other accurate height measuring device. The height measured must be greater than the
height shown on the warning sign, plus the safe working clearance of 2.5 metres of voltages up to 33kV,
and three (3) metres for voltages up to 132kV.
The results of both the waterway crossing signs and clearance measurements must be recorded on the
Waterways Inspection Checklist form FAE 3115 – Waterway Crossings – Annual Inspection Report
(Checklist) and entered into Ellipse.
Where a new navigable waterway crossing or a modification to an existing crossing is proposed, the
crossing must be designed in accordance with the requirements of MDI 0031 – Overhead line design and
the NSW Maritime: Boaters’ guide to electricity cable crossings of NSW navigable waters.
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MMI 0012 – Overhead transmission line routine inspection
OLI/GLI Manager, Network Verifying that the below ground condition of all wooden
Development transmission poles is assessed.
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MMI 0012 – Overhead transmission line routine inspection
7905/2 33 Central (b) SW 73409 Blue Circle Cement HVC Tee SW 73411
7910 33 Central (b) Mittagong ZS Tycan HVC Tee Tyree HVC Tee SW 33918
7915 33 Central (b) SW 53906 (L3906) Avon Dam HVC Tee Nepean Dam HVC
7923 33 Central (b) SW 33918 (R3918) SW 53919 (A3919) & SW 53904 (A3904)
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MMI 0012 – Overhead transmission line routine inspection
745 33 Central (d) West Wetherill Park TS Smithfield ZS Tee Bossley Park ZS
522 33 Central (d) Bonnyrigg ZS Old Canley Vale ZS Tee New Canley Vale ZS
505 33 Central (d) West Liverpool TS Anzac Village ZS Tee Casula ZS Tee Prestons ZS
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MMI 0012 – Overhead transmission line routine inspection
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MMI 0012 – Overhead transmission line routine inspection
804 66 North (b) Katoomba North TS Katoomba ZS Tee SW 14023 Tee SW T035
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MMI 0012 – Overhead transmission line routine inspection
805 66 North (b) Katoomba North TS Katoomba ZS Tee Blackheath ZS Tee SW 14023
840 66 North (b) Blackmans Flat ZS Baalbone Colliery HVC and Centennial HVC
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MMI 0012 – Overhead transmission line routine inspection
237 132 North (b) Sydney West TG North Onesteel Steel Mill HVC
988 132 North (b) Dapto TG Fairfax lane TS Tee Burrawang Pump Station HVC
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MMI 0012 – Overhead transmission line routine inspection
7091 33 South (f), (b) Figtree ZS Dendrobium Mine HVC Tee SW 35057
7091/1 33 South (g), (b) Dendrobium Mine HVC SW 35057 Tee SW 90697
7094 33 South (g), (b) SW 66727 SW 73347 Tee Cordeaux Dam HVC
7095 33 South (f), (g), (b) SW 73347 SW 79473 Tee BHP Cordeaux Colliery SS HVC
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MMI 0012 – Overhead transmission line routine inspection
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MMI 0012 – Overhead transmission line routine inspection
7540/1 33 South (f), (b) SW 35254 New Burrier Shoalhaven City Council HVC
7536 33 South (f), (b) SW 33506 Shoalhaven Paper Mill HVC Tee SW 33504
7538 33 South (f) Yatte Yattah ZS SW 33523 Tee SW 33527 Tee SW 33521
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MMI 0012 – Overhead transmission line routine inspection
98H 132 South (e) Evans Lane SS Moruya North ZS (Essential Energy)
98M 132 South (e) Evans Lane SS Batemans Bay ZS (Essential Energy)
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MMI 0012 – Overhead transmission line routine inspection
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MMI 0012 – Overhead transmission line routine inspection
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Produced by Asset Standards and Design Branch
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