Mở bài
- Paraphrase đề bài (1-2 câu): dẫn dắt đến chủ đề - đặt ra vấn đề
- Đưa ra quan điểm chính (kèm theo supporting ideas) (1 câu)
CẤU TRÚC PARAPHRASE ĐỀ BÀI
1. ….fact….. This has heightened the public interest in whether ….. or not. (Opinion)
2. People hold different opinions/views/perspectives on/about …..(topic)….
3. Opinions are divided on whether …(topic)…...
when it comes to the question of whether…..(topic)….
4. Given the………(N-fact), many people believe that…..
Given the staggering number of deaths caused by traffic accidents, many people
believe that the only way to improve the road safety is to enact stricter traffic
laws
5. …fact….. This has led some to propose that/argue that/believe that….., but many
people posit it as….
The fast development of the economy has caused a number of monumental
environmental problems. This has led some to propose that governments should
slow down economic growth, but many people posit it as the only solution to/
panacea for poverty.
6. There is an ongoing/heated debate about whether…
It is widely argued that….
There has been a lot of controversy about whether….
7. Recent years have witnessed a growing public concern over… (topic)
8. Few topics in modern society have sparked as much controversy as…..(topic)….
CẤU TRÚC ĐƯA RA QUAN ĐIỂM CHÍNH
1. I strongly/firmly believe that this is…..
I personally think that/ reckon that….
2. My opinion is that…
My stance is that….
3. While acknowledging some benefits…., I strongly side with ……
4. Personally, I am inclined to support the view that…..
5. It is my conviction that…….(niềm tin)
6. I believe the decision depends on…..
7. However, in this essay, I will challenge this school of thought.
8. In my view, the advantages of…. far outweigh the disadvantages
Body
- Topic sentence (luận điểm)
- Explain
- Example (nếu có)
- Counter (phản biện – nếu có)
- Mini-conclusion (kết luận ngắn)
TOPIC SENTENCE
*Body 1: *Body 2:
- First, - Beside this, / another reason for… is that…
- Admittedly, / granted, one might - However, this line of reasoning is not sound
argue that…. since….
- One of the main/primary reasons for - Another reason worth mentioning is that…
this is….
- A major factor that contributes to
this issue is that….
EXPLAIN/ EXAMPLES
- This is because….
- This is predicated on/based on the assumption that…..
- This can be seen in ….
- This is mainly due to the fact that….
- This can be attributed to…..(gán cho)
My success is attributed to my parents
- The underlying cause of this is….
- This stems from the belief that…
- To illustrate this point, consider…..
- One notable example is..
- A good example of this is…..
- For example,
- Ho Chi Minh, for example, was….
- Evidence indicates that….
COUNTER
- Although it is true that …..,
- Although it is true that ….., it does not necessarily mean that…..
- Admittedly, …… However, …
- It could be argued that….. Nevertheless, …..
- There is a common belief that…. However, this view overlooks the fact that….
- While it is often maintained that…, this perspective fails to consider that…
MINI-CONCLUSION
…., thus, …
Therefore, it is clear that
As a result,
Consequently,
Thus,
This will ultimately….
The corollary of this….. would be….
The consequence ….(hậu quả - tiêu cực)
The inevitable result of this is….
Again, this points to the importance of …
CONCLUSION: (Tóm tắt lại quan điểm chính – và các quan điểm phụ)
- In conclusion, …. is a sensible and economically sound initiative and therefore
should adopted more widely
- In conclusion, …. is a wise/unwise proposal …….
- In conclusion, …. is a wise/unwise course of action due to …….
- In conclusion, while…., …. would be better/the most effective remedy when it
comes to….
- (The only) – chặn mọi ng ra ngoài – duy nhất – giảm giao thông
In conclusion, ….. may work to a certain degree but by no means the only way to….
Other equally important/ more workable/effective measures include…..
Some people think parents and teachers should supervise
their children’s activities closely, while others believe children
should have more freedom. Discuss both views and give your
opinion.
Body 1: Giám sát
- Tránh cạm bẫy: nếu bảo vệ quá mức nó không thể tự bảo vệ
được bản thân/ giải quyết các vđ
- Tránh các vấn đề tâm lý và thể chất gây ra bởi thiết bị điện
tử
Phản bác: bố mẹ chỉ dừng ở mức giáo dục tránh việc xâm
phạm quyền riêng tư -> áp lực
Body 2:
- Tự do theo đuối đam mê, phát triển tiềm năng
- Sống cuộc sống tự lập
Kết luận: nên tự do
Some people think parents should supervise their children's activities closely,
while others believe children should have more freedom. Discuss both views
and give your opinion.
In the debate over parental supervision versus children's autonomy, both
perspectives offer compelling arguments about the optimal approach to child-
rearing. This discourse is particularly resonant within the context of Vietnam,
where familial ties and independence are both highly valued.
Proponents of close supervision argue that in today's world, fraught with
dangers and distractions, a vigilant eye ensures children's safety and guides
them towards productive behaviors. In Vietnam, where community and family
play pivotal roles, this approach is seen as a way to instill traditional values and
discipline. For instance, by monitoring their children's internet usage, parents
can shield them from the myriad risks lurking online. This stance is supported
by the passive construction that children are provided with a structured
environment by their parents, which is believed to foster a sense of security
and moral integrity. However, if children were given the reins to explore freely,
it might cultivate creativity and self-reliance, which are indispensable in the
modern era.
However, I believe that granting children more freedom is crucial for their
development into well-rounded, independent individuals. The essence of this
argument is not to undermine parental guidance but to highlight the
importance of experiential learning. In Vietnam, for example, allowing children
to navigate the bustling streets of Hanoi or Ho Chi Minh City teaches them
resilience and adaptability. Such experiences, where children are subtly
supervised from a distance, enable them to develop critical thinking and
problem-solving skills. Were children constantly under the watchful eye of their
guardians, they might never learn to trust their own judgment or face
challenges head-on.
In conclusion, while the protection and guidance of children are paramount,
fostering their independence through measured freedom is equally vital. It is
through striking a delicate balance between supervision and autonomy that
children can grow into competent and confident adults, capable of contributing
meaningfully to society.
2. (17.6) With growing population in cities, more and more people live in a
home with small or no outdoor areas.
Is it a positive or negative development?
- Bất lợi a: Ảnh hưởng đến sức khoẻ thể chất và tinh thần của cư dân,
đặc biệt là trẻ em.
Thể chất: không có không gian để vận động/tập thể dụng/ tiếp xúc
thiên nhiên -> lối sống ít vận động (sedentary lifestyle) -> bệnh tật:
béo phì…..
Trẻ em ở nông thôn -> khoẻ mạnh
Tinh thần: Tìm đến các hoạt động giải trí trong nhà (điện tử, mạng xã
hội, …) -> căng thẳng, lo lắng, trầm cảm, chán, cô lập, gặp vấn đề
giao tiếp
- Bất lợi b: ảnh hưởng đến sense of community
+ Không có nơi – giao lưu, trò chuyện, kết bạn. Lấy ví dụ (ko có hàng
xóm, đóng cửa, mối quan hệ -> lỏng lẻo)
+ Không có không gian để tổ chức các hoạt động chung: tết thiếu nhi,
trung thu…
=> negative
3. In some countries, it is illegal for companies to reject
job applicants for their age.
Is this a positive or negative development?
Tiêu cực
Bất lợi 1: Người trong độ tuổi không
phù hợp -> không thể thực công việc
một cách hiệu quả và an toàn (sức
khoẻ, chênh lệch về nhận thức các
nhân viên với nhau – team work ->
quản lý nhân sự)
Bất lợi 2: Phải mất khoản chi phí
lớn cho việc đào tạo -> ko có độ tuổi
phù hợp -> chưa đủ kinh nghiệm,
nhanh nhẹn, tiếp thu chậm
4. It is neither possible nor useful for a country to
provide university places for a high proportion
of young people. To what extent do you agree or
disagree?
=> Nó khả thi
+ Công nghệ và giáo dục trực tuyến -> mở
rộng quy mô giảng dạy mà k cần xây dựng
csvc
+ liên kết với các doanh nghiệp tư nhân ->
mở trường đại học
=> Nó có ích cho quốc gia
+ Nâng cao chất lượng lực lượng lao động
Economic growth
+ nâng cao dân trí (well-educated) -> xã hội
tốt hơn – giải quyết các tệ nạn/ vấn đề (từ
gốc)
5. In some countries, it is difficult for family members
and friends to spend enough time with elderly people to
look after them. What do you think the cause of the
problem? What can we do for the problem?
Cause 1:
- Nhịp sống ngày nay bận rộn
- Coi trọng cuộc sống cá nhân hơn:
extended -> nuclear family ->
Solution 2:
- Áp dụng mô hình làm việc hiện đại
(hybrid, flexitime, work from home/
telecomuting) -> có thời gian hơn cho
gia đình
- Chương trình tuyên truyền: trách
nhiệm- giá trị đạo đức…
6. Traffic and housing problems
could be solved by moving large companies, factories
and their employees to the countryside. Do you agree or
disagree?
Không?
-> tốn thời gian và tiền bạc
-> xáo trộn cuộc sống của nhân viên
-> Có giải pháp tốt hơn: làm việc từ xa/ hệ thống giao thông
cc
Có
-> Số lượng phương tiện và
người tham gia giao thông giảm
Tránh ô nhiễm, ít tai nạn
-> nhu cầu nhà ở sẽ giảm -> thấp
hơn
=> Thừa nhận biện pháp tốn tiền
thời gian nhưng => đem lại ích
kinh tế cho nhiều khu vực nông
thôn
7. Some people think that it is more beneficial to take part in
sports which are played in teams, like football, while other
people think that taking part in individual sports, like tennis or
swimming, is better. Discuss both views and give your own
opinion
Nhân quả:
Since…., …..
Due to…,
Thanks to …
Consequently,
Hence,
If…
Who….
although