Index

1. INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................2

1.1. Objetivos.................................................................................................................2

1.1.1. General objective:.........................................................................................................2

1.1.2. Specific objectives:...............................................................................................2

2. RULES ON HYGIENE AND SAFETY AT WORK..................................3

2.1. Carpentry work..............................................................................................3

2.1.1. Work Accident

2.1.2. Prevention measures.........................................................................................5

2.1.3. Work equipment.......................................................................................6

2.1.4. Personal protective equipment.......................................................................6

2.5. CONCEPT OF CARPENTRY..............................................................................8

3. TYPES OF WOODS

BIBLIOGRAPHY.............................................................................................................12

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 1. INTRODUCTION
In this present work given by the trainer, in this research we will address
about the following topic: HST rules in a carpentry, definition of carpentry, types of
woods used in carpentry and their application. We will also address regarding the
importance of carpentry in civil construction. We will go finally based on the various
sources of materials related to the theme of crossing information in order to obtain a good
research.

1.1. Objectives

1.1.1. Objetivo geral:

Understand carpentry.

1.1.2. Specific objectives:

Identify the types of wood;
Show the protective measures in a carpentry.
Characterize the risks in a carpentry.

1.2. Methodology:
The present study used a literature review as the study method.
bibliographic
information through various articles and other sources, such as books, the articles
those consulted are properly cited in the work and referenced in the bibliography of
work.

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 2. RULES OF HYGIENE AND SAFETY AT WORK
To train and provide knowledge of the means and resources for prevention and risks
existent in your tasks.
Hygiene and Safety at Work consists of:
Ensure compliance with legislation, regulations, standards, and technical rules in
vigor relating to safety, hygiene, and health at work by the Municipality and
Parishes of Sintra.
Increase workplace safety, hygiene, and health conditions as a decisive factor
in the personal and professional appreciation of the human resources of CMS.

Develop the security, hygiene, and health system of the CMS in such a way that
autarchy, through the implementation of good practices, becomes a reference in the area of
health and safety at work.
Contribute to the development of the area of occupational safety and health by
economic and social agents of the council. The organization of the Hygiene Service and
Health
The occupational health of CMS is under the responsibility of the Division of Hygiene and Occupational Health (DHSO),

which has the following skills, responsibilities, and functions:

Ensure the framework and specific tasks
related to occupational health policies, hygiene and safety, and social action.
Ensure general services of maintenance, cleaning, custody, and security of
municipal facilities when not expressly allocated or assigned to the
responsibility of other services.
Ensure the technical and management activities related to installation and maintenance of
security systems.

2.1. Carpentry work

Carpentry tasks are diverse, among them:
molding and sawing of parts.
sanding and gluing.
settlement, assembly and finishes.
These tasks involve several risk factors. Risk is defined as the
probability of something negatively affecting our well-being. To minimize the
there are risks that require the implementation of appropriate prevention and protection measures,

why a workplace can be dangerous under certain aspects:

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Due to the direct aggression of the machine to man, which may be the cause of accidents.
of work.
By indirect aggression, through the physical, chemical, or biological environment of the station
work, a driver for the emergence of occupational diseases. In order to minimize the
risk, that is, to reduce as much as possible the probability of occurrence of a
In the event of an accident, one can resort to two types of strategies:
Reduce the danger: actions taken beforehand in order to avoid or nullify the risk
existing (Prevention).
Implement protective measures: actions taken at a given moment, if
it is not possible to eliminate the risk (Protection).

2.1.1. Work Accident

On the basis of work accidents, there can be several causes directly related.
with human attitude (dangerous actions) or with the state of the materials/facilities
(dangerous conditions). A list of the most common errors that can occur is presented.
cause accidents in carpentries:
inadequate arrangement of machines and equipment.
disorder of the carpentry, the warehouse, and the workplaces.
removal of machine protections.
storage of boards and panels with protruding nails.
disorganized work (obstructed passage areas, work carried out by
just
a worker, when they should be performed by two.
use of tools in poor condition
conservation.
use of improvised or improperly assembled scaffolding or workbenches.
not delimit and signal work areas.
not using the necessary PPE.
untrained workers and lack of awareness of risks. In order to avoid these
situations, the recommended prevention measures are presented:
Storage must be organized by dimensions, the pieces correctly
aligned and the height of the stacks should not compromise their stability.
The location must be accessible, without interfering with the passage areas.
The benches must have dimensions that allow for proper stabilization.

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the tables, especially for cutting tasks and a height between 75 and 90 cm.
The circulation and operation spaces near the machines must be kept
unobstructed, organized and free of sawdust and waste.
Fire extinguishers must be placed next to the machines.
The cutting blades of saws and hand saws should be inspected before starting.
any work checking if they are in good condition and if they are
suitable for the material to be cut.
When cutting wet or green wood, you should pay attention to
resistance to advancement, deviations and possible projections of materials due to confinement of
disco.
When cutting plywood with resin, it should be tightened with
greater firmness as the adherence to the disc tends to rotate the part.
The saw blades must be properly secured and not use discs
excessively worn, unbalanced or of a different diameter than indicated by
manufacturer.
It is necessary to check for the absence of metallic bodies, hard knots or other defects in the
wood pieces.
The glues and varnishes should be stored in a closed and ventilated area.
The shipyard and the lumber storage must be kept away from heat sources and
other combustible materials.
The boards and slats must be carried on the shoulder by a minimum of two.
workers. If this is not possible, the front must be at a height greater than
worker's helmet that transports them, in order to avoid injuries to the face of the
colleagues.

2.1.2. Prevention measures

Considering the various PPEs that DHSO provides:
It should only be used for its intended purposes.
Before using the PPE, you must check
always its state of conservation, cleanliness, and respective expiration dates.
Is responsible for the proper use and conservation.

Any deterioration before the time or defect must be reported to DHSO.

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You should carefully clean the PPE after each use and in the presence of products.
toxins, they must be washed with materials that do not alter their
characteristics.
The PPE must be stored in a proper cabinet, free from dust and toxic products.
or abrasives.
Do not put them in direct contact with tools or others.
materials/equipment.
In the event of a workplace accident, you should keep all the PPE you were using at
height of the same.
2.1.3. Work equipment
Work equipment refers to the entire set of machines, devices,
tools and facilities used in the work. The carpentry has equipment
dangerous that require a competent person and training for their handling. The
the acquisition of work equipment must adhere to a set of factors to be considered
in account, such as: workers, space, tasks, risks.
In your use, the command systems should be clearly visible and clear.
identified and have an emergency stop; the safety and devices
protection must be effective and never removed (only for maintenance); the
portable tools must be appropriate, in good condition
of operation and have periodic maintenance; the lighting must be directed
for the workspace and suitable for the tasks; the warning devices must be
easily noticeable and maintenance should be done with the equipment stopped and by
trabalhador especializado. As máquinas têm de ser verificadas/inspeccionadas
annually. There should be a checklist to be used by the worker
equipment responsible, in order to check for the existence of anomalies. From this
mode, ensure that the work equipment is appropriate or is
conveniently adapted to the work to be carried out, and ensure safety and health
of the workers during its use.

2.1.4. Personal protective equipment

Helmets
Inside the carpenter uniform, a type B or C safety helmet is not allowed.
to lack.
These protect against impacts, blows, or even splashes of fire.

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They are usually made of high-strength laminates or fiberglass.
coated with resin.
Safety footwear
They must be reinforced with safety toe caps to protect the feet from accidents.
derivatives of crushes, blows, cuts or actions produced by substances
corrosive.

Safety glasses
Essential in the carpenter's work clothing.
They protect the eyes from dust or possible sparks caused when they are used.
power tools.
They must have lateral protection and, in the case of using machines, it must be added.
facial protector.
Gloves
They can be of different lengths and made of thick leather. Their function is
protect the hands from the risks arising from cuts, scratches, abrasions, or friction.
Safety clothes
The jumpsuit, diver or coverall is the most suitable carpenter clothing for the
body protection.
Protects against the effects of paints, dust, different solvents, and against scratches.
mechanical injuries such as punctures, abrasions, and cuts.

Hearing protectors
Earplugs made of rubber, foam or silicone are capable of reducing the
noise at 15 dB.
In the case of using power tools, it is necessary to use protective gear with
greater degree of sound insulation.
ELECTRICAL RISKS
Essential in the workplace, the electrical installation should be subject to
regular maintenance. Attention should be given to the following procedures:
Work in well-lit places, choosing a safe and stable position and
using the appropriate tool.
Do not use electrical tools in damp places or near substances.
flammable.

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Do not stretch the electrical cable and protect it from heat sources, oils or objects.
cutting tools.
Do not transport electric tools connected to the power or with your finger on the switch.
command switch; before connecting it to the electrical network, make sure that the switch
the command is turned off.
Unplug the device whenever it is not in use, before changing
accessories or during its maintenance; do not forget that if you are not qualified
for this purpose, you should not proceed with its repair.

2.5. CONCEPT OF CARPENTRY

Carpentry is also a term that refers to a place where a carpenter works, the
a professional specialist in working with raw or solid wood.
Where it functions to process, that is, to saw and prepare the wood.
parts that will be used in civil, naval, and other constructions. (Carpentry
Rezende, January 29, 2021
The carpentry is the workshop where the carpenter works, a professional specialist in
work with wood in its raw or solid state, with the function of processing (shaping and
to prepare wood into pieces for use in construction, from furniture to tools,
articles for civil construction, naval construction, among others.

3. TYPES OF WOODS
Oak
The brownish wood is a hard and moderately heavy wood. It is easy to work with and
quite durable.
Mainly used in carpentry and cooperage. It is a very durable wood and
as such durable even outdoors.
Brown
With a light brown color. It is hard and lighter than oak. It is very durable and
easy to work with. It is one of the most used woods in the manufacture of furniture, flooring,
doors and coverings. It is mainly applied in woodworking, carpentry, and cooperage.
civil construction.
Cherry tree
With brown tones, cherry wood is very durable and widely used in
furniture factory.
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Choupo
Wood usually used in interior applications. It is resistant and flexible.
the tone is clear.
Eucalyptus
The reddish-brown wood is hard and moderately heavy. It is easy to work with and
fairly durable. Mainly used in carpentry and cooperage. It is a wood
very resistant and as such durable even outdoors.

Faia
Hard, strong, and slightly pink wood. It is moderately heavy. It has a high
shock resistance. It is popular for furniture manufacturing, but it is also used in
interior and flooring coverings.
Frey
The ash tree has light yellow shades with veins. It is moderately hard. And
flexible for application in furniture or flooring manufacturing.
Nogueira
It is one of the most used woods in furniture manufacturing. Its color is dark and
reddish. It has very good resistance. It is used both in furniture
such as in interior cladding and in woodworking pieces.
Pine
Brown in color. It is a hard and heavy wood. It is used in civil construction and in
furniture factory.
Banana
Clear wood. Moderately hard and heavy. Used in carpentry and woodworking.
ceramics and construction.
Wood derivatives
Currently, this market goes beyond noble or solid woods with the
appearance of wood derivatives that act as substitutes for solid wood
at the application level, stability, durability, and resistance.
Agglomerate
Plate with small pieces of various species of wood mixed with resin
synthetic and pressed at high temperature. It can be raw or covered with a layer
wood sheet finish.

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Plywood
A plate made of overlapping and glued wooden sheets that provides
a quite high stability in the application in the furniture industry.
Foiled
Plate made of a specific wood derivative (particle board or MDF) and with
natural wood veneer applied on its faces.
MDF
It is a cluster of medium density wood fibers (medium density fibreboard)
that fully replaces wood in various applications. It can be of several types such as
water-repellent, fireproof, colorful, etc.

Melamine
lacquer made from a certain wood derivative (particle board or MDF)
combined with the melanin coating. Cluster of long wood particles
and are widely used in construction.
Platex
Wood fiber board made of resinous materials, compressed at high pressures
temperature. With high resistance and hardness.

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 4. CONCLUSION
Arrived at the end of another research project in the module of applying techniques of
carpentry in construction we concluded that carpentry is a workshop where one works
carpenter, a professional specialized in working with raw wood or
massive, for the purpose of benefiting (processing and preparing) the wood into pieces for use in
construction, from furniture, tools, items for civil construction, shipbuilding,
among others. And that's why carpentry plays a significant role in construction.
But we also concluded that there are several risks of work accidents in carpentry and
to prevent this from happening, it is necessary to take the measures into account
prevention. We still hope to be able to convince the trainer and readers in general and still
to contribute to academic communication and not only, considering that they are subjects of interest

in various areas of study.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY
[Link] and Safety at Work. 2022

[Link], January 2021

[Link]

CORREIA, João Simõ[Link] de [Link], 2018

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