1st Edition

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

2 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú
DEDICATION

I owe the constant effort and vitality of my life to my parents who

they left the earthly life a long time ago, but day by day they take care of me and their example
it inspires me to keep going despite the difficulties...

T.O.V & P.Q.F

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 3

Content
PRESENTATION ........................................................................................ 6

I. MASTER FORMULAS.................................................................7

1.1. Generalities

1.2. Definitions

II. FORMULATIONS

2.1 Paracetamol Capsules 500 mg + Codeine 30 mg................................................... 9

Clindamycin Lotion 1% and 2%

2.3 Erythromycin lotion at 1% and 2%

2.5 Retinoic Acid at 0.025%, 0.05% and 0.1%................................................................. 15

2.6 Rose water.................................................................................................................. 18

2.7 Alcohol Gel 70°............................................................................................................... 20

2.8 Coal Tar Cream............................................................................................. 22

2.9 Sulfur Cream 3% and 5%.................................................................................................. 24

2.10 Darier's Pasta.................................................................................................................. 26

2.11 Callicide solution.......................................................................................................... 28

Simple syrup

2.13 Moisturizing lotion....................................................................................................... 32

2.14 Moisturizing cream....................................................................................................... 33

2.15 Hydroquinone Lotion at 2%, 3%, and 4%............................................................ 34

2.15 Lotion for seborrheic dermatitis at 5% and 10%

2.16 Anti-dandruff lotion........................................................................................................... 38

2.17 Loción Mentolada Analgésica y Refrescante............................................................ 40

2.18 Mentholated Anti-Itch Lotion........................................................................... 41

2.19 Zinc oxide ointment 15% and 20%....................................................... 43

4 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

 2.20 Pasta in water

2.21 Calamine paste......................................................................................................... 46

2.22 Lassar Paste.................................................................................................................. 48

2.23 Pomada salicilada........................................................................................................ 50

2.24 Podophyllin.............................................................................................. 52

2.25 Antifungal Powder....................................................................................................... 54

2.26 Antiseborrheic shampoo............................................................................................... 55

2.27 Weak and Strong Alibour Water.................................................................................. 57

2.28 Orange Blossom Water............................................................................................................ 59

2.29 Camphorated Alcohol

2.30 Iodized alcohol............................................................................................................. 63

2.31 Alcohol of 50% and 70%.................................................................................................. 65

2.32 Alcohol Boric at 5%

2.33 Antiseptic Powder......................................................................................................... 69

2.34 Antiseptic Powder......................................................................................................... 70

2.35 Powder Against bromhidrosis.................................................................................... 71

2.36 Foot powder............................................................................................................. 73

2.37 Antifungal Ointment I............................................................................................. 75

2.38 Antifungal Ointment II

2.39 Anti-rheumatic Ointment

2.40 Ungüento de Frotación “Charcot”............................................................................. 81

2.41 Ointment "Mentholatum"........................................................................................... 83

2.42 Base Cream................................................................................................................... 85

III. BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES ..................................................... 87

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 5

PRESENTATION
The official Galenic Pharmacy is the science that teaches how to prepare medicines.
stable, safe, and effective, is the essence of being a Pharmaceutical Chemist, it is the
mother of Pharmaceutical Technology, of Industrial Galenic Pharmacy and of
Dermopharmacy; it is a science that receives collaboration from various branches.
para compilar y aplicar esos conocimientos en una forma farmacéutica adecuada
to the needs of our patients.

This Manual of Master and Galenic Formulas has been designed for the
practical teaching of this science, considering the basic aspects that we
will help acquire the necessary skills in the design and development of shapes
traditional pharmaceuticals but whose principles remain valid until the
today.

This small manual has been prepared for students, teachers, or individuals.
interested in learning more closely about the preparation of medicines in their
essence.

The author

6 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

I. COMPOUND FORMULAS

1.1. Generalities

From a scientific point of view, Pharmacy is the set of knowledge

that are applied in the correct preparation of medications from
substances with healing qualities, called medicinal substances; these,
for their transformation into medicines, they require, on one hand, a
galenic preparation by which its useful principles are separated from the
harmful, and, on the other hand, an external preparation, called pharmaceutical form, that
make an effective and easy application of such substances to the body
sick.

The magistral formulation is that care solution provided by the pharmacist.

contributes to solving an individual posological or galenic need. Activity
highly technical, with enormous importance in the field of
pharmacotherapy, and of unquestionable significance in the field of clinical practice,
especially when we refer to the resolution of individual problems.

In this era of nearly total standardization of medications for use

Everyday life is of utmost importance to return to the very roots of the work.
pharmaceutical, it is for that reason that this brief compilation has been made of
different official and galenic formulations.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 7

1.2. Definitions
a) Galenic forms: Individualized dispositions to which they adapt the
medicinal substances and excipients to constitute a medication.
b) Pharmaceutical Specialty: A determined pharmaceutical form,
defined composition and specific dosing.
c) Master formulas: Medication prepared in a pharmacy of
according to the prescription of a specific patient.
d) Pharmaceutical Establishment: Establishment dedicated to the
manufacturing, quality control, refurbishing, marketing
["importation","exportation","storage","distribution","attention"]
pharmaceutical, pharmaceutical preparations, sale of products
pharmaceuticals, medical devices, or health products.
e) Drug: It is any chemical substance of natural or synthetic origin that is
used in the laboratory in the formulation of medicines, media of
diagnoses, dietary products, hygiene products, cosmetics or another form that
it can modify the health of living beings.
f) Medication: It is any chemical substance or mixture of substances, whether
of natural or synthetic origin that, when introduced into the organism in the form of
and a determined dosage will be used to prevent, cure, and alleviate a
disease.
g) Raw Material: Any substance, active or inactive, used in the
manufacturing of a medication, whether it remains unchanged, is modified or
disappear during the course of the process.
h) Finished product: Medicine that has passed through all phases
of preparation, including its conditioning in the final packaging.
i) Conditioning: All operations, including packaging and
labeled, to which a bulk product must be submitted until
to become a finished product.

8 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

II. FORMULATIONS

2.1 Paracetamol 500 mg + Codeine 30 mg Capsules

Paracetamol + Codeine is a combination of paracetamol and codeine. Paracetamol
it is an analgesic and antipyretic medication (pain relief and reduction of
fever) of proven efficacy, whose effects are enhanced by the action of the
codeine, central analgesic.

Este producto contiene codeína. La codeína pertenece a un grupo de

medications called opioid analgesics that work by relieving pain.
It can be used alone or in combination with other analgesics such as paracetamol.

This medication is indicated for the treatment of pain symptoms.

moderate intensity.

Formula (For a size 00 capsule)

Paracetamol 500 mg
Codeine Phosphate 30 mg
Capsules number 00 1 unit

Preparation method

a) Carry out the corresponding calculations for the quantity of tablets of

paracetamol and the amount in mg of codeine to use, according to the prescription of

optional.
weigh the calculated mg of codeine
c) In the mortar, crush the paracetamol tablets (in case you don't have
obtain the pure active ingredient) until you obtain a fine powder
d) Add the codeine, mix, place on filter paper (previously weighed)
weigh the obtained powder and divide it into 04 portions to carry out the
encapsulated

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 9

 e) Manually encapsulate by applying pressure to the longest part of the
capsule about the compacted portion of the powder until it is full and then
cover it with the small part of the capsule and press until closed
hermetic
f) The number of capsules per serving is filled in as appropriate.
subsequently place the filled capsules in gauze to proceed to
clean them.

Precautions

a) Use a mask and surgical gloves during preparation

b) Due to containing an opioid-type analgesic, it may produce dependence.
c) Keep out of the reach of children

Dosage

a) Oral route
Indicated for moderately intense treatment

Method of storage

At room temperature, away from light and humidity.

10 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

Clindamycin lotion at 1% and 2%
Antibiotic from the lincosamide group, with bacteriostatic action against
gram-positive aerobes and a wide range of anaerobic bacteria.

It is unknown whether clindamycin is excreted in human milk after the

cutaneous administration. It is necessary to weigh the benefits and the possible risks
when the use during breastfeeding is considered. It cannot be ruled out that the
breastfed infants do not show sensitization and diarrhea.

Formula (For 100 mL)

Formula Clindamycin 1% Clindamycin 2%

Clindamycin 1 g = 1.7 clindamycin 2 g = 3.4 clindamycin

600 mg ampoules 600 mg ampoules

Propylene glycol 10 mL 10 mL

Alcohol 50° c.s.p 100 mL 100 mL

Preparation method

a) Empty the contents of the clindamycin ampoules into a graduated container.

b) Measure the propylene glycol and mix
c) Prepare 100 mL of 50° alcohol
d) Dilute with 50° alcohol until the indicated volume
e) Stir constantly until completely dissolved.
Package in a 100 mL bottle and label appropriately.

Precautions

a) Use a mask and surgical gloves during preparation.

b) In case of undesirable reactions, discontinue use immediately.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 11

 Keep out of reach of children
d) Avoid contact with the eyes and nasal and oral mucous membranes
Shake the lotion well before each use to mix evenly the
medication
If you forget a dose, apply it as soon as you remember. However, if already
it's almost time for the next dose, skip the one you missed and continue with
his normal medication schedule. Do not apply extra medication for
make up for the dose that was forgotten.

Dosage

Topical route: 1 or 2 applications daily

Indicated in the treatment of mild to moderate acne

Storage method

At room temperature, away from light and moisture

12 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

2.3 Erythromycin lotion at 1% and 2%
Broad-spectrum macrolide antibiotic. It is active against Propionibacterium.
reducing the inflammatory lesions of vulgar acne.

Formula (For 100 mL)

Formula Erythromycin 1% Erythromycin 2%

Erythromycin 1g = 2 tablets of 2g = 4 tablets of

erythromycin 500 mg erythromycin 500 mg

Propylene glycol 10 mL 10 mL

Alcohol 70° c.s.p 100 mL 100 mL

Preparation method

a) Remove the enteric coating from the erythromycin tablets by washing.

approximately 2 to 3 times with alcohol in a beaker,
using small volumes of alcohol that will be eliminated until
completely remove the enteric layer.
b) Grind the tablets in the mortar until completely pulverized
obtaining a fine powder
c) Gradually add the propylene glycol and mix thoroughly and if there is
need to continue grinding
d) Decant the suspension that has been obtained in a graduated cylinder and
do the same with small volumes of alcohol in the mortar until
completely fill the solute to the test tube
e) Dilute with 70 ° alcohol to the indicated volume.
Package in 100 mL jars and label appropriately.

Precautions

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 13

 a) Use a mask and surgical gloves during preparation
b) In case of unwanted reactions, stop using it immediately.
c) Keep out of reach of children
d) Avoid contact with eyes and nasal and oral mucous membranes
Shake the lotion well before each use to mix evenly.
medication
If you forget a dose, apply it as soon as you remember. However, if it is already...
It's almost time for the next dose, skip the one you forgot and continue with
your normal medication schedule. Do not apply extra medication for
make up for the dose that was forgotten.

Dosage

a) Topical route: 1 or 2 applications daily

Indicated in the treatment of mild to moderate acne

Method of storage

At room temperature, away from light and humidity

14 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

2.5 Retinoic Acid at 0.025%, 0.05% and 0.1%
Retinoic acid (tretinoin), which is the acidic form of vitamin A, is a
irritant that stimulates the turnover of epidermal cells, an action that reduces the
cohesion between the cells of the stratum corneum and facilitates its shedding. This action
facilitates the expulsion of comedones and inhibits the formation of new ones. These
effects determine their usefulness in the treatment of acne vulgaris, which is more
effective when associated with benzoyl peroxide or with systemic antibiotics.
It also normalizes acroinfundibular keratinization and, for this reason, it is used in
the treatment of flat warts, follicular keratosis, and ichthyosis. On the other hand,
it has been reported that tretinoin is useful for reversing some of the
manifestations of photoaging; however, this effect requires
more formal studies to establish its true effectiveness. A percentage
reduced (5%) is absorbed when applied to the skin, and increases when applied
in large areas or for long periods. The portion that is absorbed is eliminated in
the urine.

Formula (For 1000 mL)

Formula Retinoic acid Retinoic acid Retinoic acid

0.025% 0.05% 0.1%

Retinoic acid 0.25 g 0.5 g 1g

Alcohol 400 mL 400 mL 500 mL

isopropyl

96° alcohol 500 mL 500 mL 500 mL

Distilled water 1000 mL 1000 mL 1000 mL

c.s.p

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 15

Preparation method

To start the weighing, an analytical balance is needed and the acid is weighed.
retinoic, prepare the solutions of retinoic acid, as indicated in
the respective formula
If the analytical balance cannot be obtained to prepare the solutions of
retinoic acid of 0.025% and 0.05%; the acid solution is prepared
0.1% retinoic acid is then used to formulate the solution according to the
attached table (*)
c) Preparation of the 0.1% retinoic acid solution
Weigh the retinoic acid 1 g with great caution
Place the retinoic acid in a mortar and add
approximately 5 mL of isopropyl alcohol to form a
homogeneous paste without lumps, then start adding alcohol
isopropyl dissolving and transferring to a graduated cylinder
Then add the 96° alcohol and shake for a few minutes.
Dissolve with distilled water by shaking again approximately
100 mL
Packaging and labeling

Precautions

a) In the preparation, use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap.

b) In case of unwanted reactions, stop use immediately.
c) Keep out of reach of children

Dosage

a) Topical route: Apply a thin layer, preferably at night, during

six to eight weeks. Before application, it should be washed with mild soap and
remove the excess fat, and let the area dry for 15 to 20 minutes.
Indicated in the treatment of mild acne

16 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

Dissolution method

0.025% and 0.05% retinoic acid

Formula for Retinoic acid Alcohol Alcohol 96° Water

1000 mL isopropyl distilled
0.1%

Acid 250 mL 300 mL 375 mL 75 mL

retinoic
0.025%

Acid 500 mL 200 mL 250 mL 50 mL

retinoic
0.05%

Formula for Retinoic acid Alcohol Alcohol 96° Water

1000 mL isopropyl distilled
0.05%

Acid 500 mL 200 mL 250 mL 50 mL

retinoic
0.025%

Preparation method

a) Measure the 0.1% retinoic acid solution as indicated in the table and place it.
in a graduated flask
b) Measure the other inputs and sequentially add the alcohol
isopropyl, 96° alcohol and finally distilled water
c) Packaging and labeling

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 17

2.6 Rose water
It is said that rose water has been used for centuries by women in the
India to improve the appearance and well-being of your skin, a recipe that was made
popular for its simplicity, as it is enough to distill the petals of the roses. Today it is
a basic ingredient in cosmetics, because it helps to prevent the signs of
aging of the skin and to make it look smoother and healthier.

Formula (For 100 mL)

Formula

Rose essence 2 drops

Talc 0.33 g

Distilled water c.s.p 100 mL

Preparation method

a) Properly weigh and measure the inputs to be used.

b) In a mortar, add the rose essence and immediately add the
talc
c) Add enough distilled water, transfer to a graduated cylinder.
strained, mix and let stand for 24 hours
d) Filter and package

Precautions

a) In the preparation, use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap

Keep out of reach of children
c) Shake the lotion well before each use to mix it evenly.
medicine

18 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

Uses and management

Dermatological preparations vehicle

Packaging

In an amber glass jar

Storage method

The ambient temperature, away from light and humidity

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 19

2.7 Alcohol Gel 70°
Thanks to its proven disinfectant and antiseptic action, the antibacterial gel
it has the ability to eliminate 99.9% of normal microorganisms from
our hands, which means it protects us from diseases like the flu,
the H1N1 virus and influenza.

Antibacterial gel is practical and simple to use, it cleans hands without the need for water.
to use water, soap, and towel. Just apply a quantity on the palm, rub
the hands, spreading it all over the palms and tips of the fingers; finally,
dejarlo secar sin agitar las manos

Formulation

Formula

Carbopol 94° 0.25 g

Alcohol 96° 36.45 mL

Distilled water 13.5 mL

Triethanolamine 1 drop

Preparation method

Weigh the carbopol.

b) In a beaker with distilled water, add the carbopol, and in
Bain-Marie, dissolve by constantly stirring with a glass rod until
complete dissolution, no lumps should remain, gel consistency. Leave
cool down.
c) Keep shaking while adding the 96° alcohol
Finally add 1 drop of triethanolamine, the gel turns transparent.
e) Gel alcohol of 70° alcoholic grade is obtained.
Packaging and labeling

20 Q.F. Mario [Link] Querevalú

Precautions

a) In the preparation use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap

Keep out of reach of children

Uses and management

Topical route
hand sanitizer

Packaging

In a plastic bottle

Method of storage

The ambient temperature, away from light and humidity

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 21

2.8 Coal Tar Cream
Coal tar is the oldest topical treatment for psoriasis.
has been used for more than a century. It is the residue that
obtained after the processing and distillation of coal and contains thousands of
compounds, of which only a part have been identified. It is for this
reason why, despite its continued use for over 100 years, never
its use as a treatment for psoriasis has been approved. It is believed that
its functioning is based on altering the DNA of the skin in a way that reduces the
production of new cells, controlling the inflammation caused by the plaques of
psoriasis.

Formula (For 100 g)

Formula Tar cream Tar cream

0.5% at 1%

Coal tar 0.5 g 1g

Glycerin 5 mL 5 mL

Solid Vaseline c.s.p 100 g 100 g

Preparation method

a) Weigh the coal tar with the appropriate precautions and in a manner
need in an analytical balance.
b) On a glass plate, place the heavy coal tar and start adding
and mixing with the spatula, small amounts of glycerin until the
formation of a paste cream.
c) Add the solid petroleum jelly in small amounts and continue mixing.
until obtaining a cream with a homogeneous appearance, continue the same
procedure until finishing mixing the solid vaseline, the product
the final result will be a cream with a uniform appearance

Package in wide-mouth plastic airtight jars of 100 g and label.

22 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

Precautions

a) In the preparation, use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap.

Keep out of reach of children
c) If this medication is used on the scalp, it may discolor the hair.
blonde, bleached or temporarily dyed.

Uses and administration

Topical route
Indicated in the treatment of eczema, psoriasis, and seborrheic dermatitis

Packaging

In a plastic bottle

Storage method

The ambient temperature, away from light and humidity

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 23

2.9 Sulfur Cream 3% and 5%
Sulfur is known in the cosmetic field for being an effective chemical element.
to combat acne, it is the main active ingredient found in soaps and
creams indicated in this treatment, make a sulfur mask for acne
it is advisable to eliminate it. Sulfur in its powdered form can be
easily acquired in pharmacies and is inexpensive, very effective against the
bacteria and fungi, cleans the pores of the skin deeply, its action on the
acne is addressed by eliminating the toxins and the fat that causes it, improving the appearance

from the skin while performing an intensive cleanse.

Its use is delicate, to detect adverse reactions before applying it to the

It is advisable to take an allergy test that involves placing a
a little sulfur on the neck and wait a few minutes, if no reaction occurs
negative like itching or burning we can use it on the face.

Formula (For 100 g)

Formula Sulfur 3% Sulfur 5%

Sulfur powder 3g 5g

Liquid petroleum 5 mL 5 mL

Solid vaseline 100 g 100 g

Preparation method

a) Pulverize the sulfur to a fine powder, add the liquid vaseline and mix until
obtain a smooth paste without lumps.
b) Add a small amount of solid petroleum jelly until obtaining a mixture
homogeneous, repeat the procedure until all the petroleum jelly is mixed
solid, until obtaining a cream with a uniform appearance
c) Preferably package in wide-mouth jars of 60 g to facilitate
application.

24 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

Precautions

a) Use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap during preparation.

Keep out of reach of children

Uses and administration

Topical route
b) Indicated in the treatment of eczema and psoriasis
Indicated for mild acne

Packaging

In a plastic bottle

Method of storage

The ambient temperature, away from light and humidity

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 25

2.10 Darier's Pasta
They are semi-solid pharmaceutical forms that contain a high percentage of
solids and are intended for topical application. They can be prepared from
a watery gel or one made from fat excipients, having in these cases,
thick ointments that commonly do not soften at body temperature and
consequently serve as protective layers over the areas in which they
apply.

Formula (For 100 g)

Formula

Calcium carbonate 25 g

Zinc oxide 25 g

Glycerin 25 mL

Distilled water 25 mL

Preparation method

a) In a mortar, grind the zinc oxide and calcium carbonate until

obtain a finely powdered homogeneous appearance.
b) Add the glycerin mixed with water and shake until obtaining a paste
homogeneous. Then add the water in small portions and homogenize
under constant agitation to prevent the formation of lumps.
Preferably package in wide-mouth jars of 60 g to facilitate its
application.

26 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

Precautions

a) In the preparation, use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap.

b) It should not be applied to eroded skin
c) Suspend the treatment if it causes dryness
d) Keep out of reach of children

Uses and administration

a) For burns, diaper dermatitis, and bedsores

irritated skin
c) Topical administration route

Envasado

In a plastic bottle

Storage method

The ambient temperature, away from light and humidity

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 27

2.11 Callicide solution
Existe un considerable número de fórmulas genéricamente utilizadas contra las
warts and other indicated conditions that seek a marked action
keratolytic, they use salicylic acid and lactic acid in high concentrations, along with
with a third complementary component or, at times, more specifically with the
type of pathology to be treated, which are conveyed in a base called collodion
elastic.

Formula (For 100 g)

Formula

Salicylic Acid 20 g

Lactic acid 20 g

Collodion 100 mL

Preparation method

a) Weigh the salicylic acid carefully and measure the lactic acid.
In a mortar, salicylic acid is mixed with lactic acid.
c) Once the mixture is homogeneous, it is added
carefully the elastic collodion in extremely fine jet and
constantly moving until achieving an even mixture and
transparent.
Keep the container open for the shortest time possible.

Precautions

a) During preparation, use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap.

b) As a general rule, all compositions containing collodion
they are prepared directly in the same container in which they will be dispensed, the

28 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

 it should practically be of the same volume as the formula to be prepared
and must be equipped with a hermetic closure and a lid with an integrated spatula
to facilitate its application
c) Suspend treatment if it causes dryness
Keep out of reach of children
e) Do not use after two months of its preparation

Uses and administration

a) Treatment of warts of any location except genital.

It can be used as a standalone therapy or as a complement to the treatment.
caustic with nitric acid, phenol, trichloroacetic acid, etc, carried out in the
optional consultation.
b) Exclusively by topical route. Apply every 24 hours while dressing.
waterproof occlusive, in order to macerate the lesion to enhance the effect
therapeutic of the preparation. Before making a new application,
remove the destroyed hyperkeratotic tissue by scraping

Packaging

As a general rule, all compositions containing collodion are

they are prepared directly in the same container in which they will be dispensed, which must
should be practically the same volume as the formula to be prepared and must be
equipped with a hermetic closure and a cap with an incorporated spatula to facilitate its
application. It is usually, therefore, the last component that is added to the formula.
and, after that, the container is hermetically sealed and then it proceeds to
homogenize the composition by sufficient stirring until its
achievement.

Storage method

It must be kept tightly closed, protected from light and moisture, and at temperature
below 25ºC

Discard the leftover product after the treatment is finished.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 29

Simple syrup
Syrups are widely used vehicles suitable for principles.
water-soluble assets.

A syrup is an aqueous preparation for oral use characterized by a sweet taste.

and viscous consistency. It may contain sucrose at a concentration of at least
45% w/w. Its sweet flavor can also be obtained using other polyols or
sweetening agents. Syrups normally contain other agents
flavorings or flavor enhancers.

Formula (For 100 mL)

Formula

Sugar 85 g

Sodium benzoate 0.1 g

Distilled water c.s.p 100 mL

Preparation method

a) Dissolve the sodium benzoate and the sugar in the water.

b) Finally filter with a previously moistened cotton ball and
clarify if necessary.
c) Clarification is a process by which impurities are removed and
suspended solids in a liquid, making it clear and transparent.
d) The egg whites can also be added to the cold syrup. The egg whites are whipped.
to snow, with a little water to dilute them, is added to the liquid mixing
very good for total integration. Then it is left to rest for one or
two days, time in which the albumin (clear) settles at the bottom of the
container dragging the suspended impurities. Once clarified,
you can filter the syrup.

30 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

Precautions

a) In the preparation, use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap.

Uses and administration

It is used as a vehicle for any medicated syrup.

Packaging

In a dry amber glass jar

Method of storage

The ambient temperature, away from light and humidity.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 31

2.13 Moisturizing lotion
The moisturizing lotion has a rapid evanescent effect. Its application is quick.
and has instant effects. It moisturizes the skin and also helps to maintain the
hydration in balance for longer. It has a pleasant fragrance that leaves
a gentle trail on the skin.

Formula (For 100 mL)

Formula

Glycerin 11 mL

Liquid petroleum jelly c.s.p 100 mL

Preparation method

a) Measuring glycerin in a glass container can be done in a measuring cylinder.

graduated and transfer to a precipitation flask.
b) Add the liquid petroleum jelly and shake until homogeneous.

Precautions

a) In the preparation, use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap.

Uses and management

Topical route
b) Indicated for moisturizing the skin

Packaging

In a dry amber glass jar

Method of storage

Room temperature, away from light and humidity.

32 Q.F. Mario [Link] Querevalú

2.14 Moisturizing cream
A cream is moisturizing when it acts as a protective barrier on the skin.
preventing the evaporation of the water contained in the tissue.

Formula (For 100 mL)

Formula

Glycerin 11 mL

Liquid petroleum jelly c.s.p 100 g

Preparation method

a) Measuring glycerin in a glass container can be done in a graduated cylinder.

Graduated and transfer to a precipitation flask.
b) Add the solid petroleum jelly and mix until homogeneous.

Precautions

a) In the preparation, use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap.

Uses and management

Topical route

a) Indicated for moisturizing the skin

Packaging

In a dry plastic bottle

Method of storing

At room temperature, away from light and humidity.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 33

2.15 Hydroquinone lotion at 2%, 3%, and 4%
Hydroquinone is a topical depigmenting agent, structurally
related to monobenzone, a potent depigmenting agent. A
difference between monobenzone and the depigmentation caused by hydroquinone
It is reversible. Hydroquinone is used for temporary whitening of
conditions of hyperpigmented skin such as chloasma (melasma), freckles, and
Sunscreens should be used concurrently with lentigines.
topical hydroquinone and for this reason several commercial preparations
they contain a sunscreen.

Hydroquinone inhibits melanin formation by blocking oxidation.

enzymatic conversion of tyrosine to produce 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) in the
melanocytes. Other metabolic processes of melanocytes are also inhibited.
Exposure to sunlight or ultraviolet light will cause repigmentation of the areas.
bleached.

Formula (For 100 mL)

Formula Hydroquinone Hydroquinone Hydroquinone

2% 3% 4%

Hydroquinone 2g 3g 4g

Propylene glycol 15 mL 15 mL 15 mL

70° c.s.p alcohol 100 mL 100 mL 100 mL

Preparation method

a) Weigh the hydroquinone according to the percentage to work with.

b) Dissolve with propylene glycol while stirring rapidly until homogeneous.
totally.
c) Add the 70° alcohol and homogenize.

Precauciones

34 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

 a) In the preparation use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap.
Keep out of reach of children
c) All these products must carry a caution label due to the
the fact that exposure to solar radiation can quickly reverse
the bleaching effect.
d) Avoid eye exposure, as well as contact with the mouth and others.
mucous membranes. It should not be used on irritated, damaged skin.
a abrasion or sunburn.
e) If contact dermatitis or hypersensitivity occurs during the
treatment with hydroquinone, stop immediately the
medication and consult a doctor. High concentrations or the
prolonged use of hydroquinone can produce hyperpigmentation of the
skin, especially in areas exposed to sunlight. If it cannot be
avoid exposure to sunlight (UV), use a product that contains a
sunscreen agent.

Uses and administration

a) Adults: Apply the topical preparation at 2-4% on the affected area two
times a day.
b) If no lightening effect is observed after two months of
treatment, suspend the treatment.
c) Children under 12 years old: Not recommended.

Packaging

In a dry plastic bottle

Storage method

At room temperature, away from light and humidity.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 35

2.15 Lotion for seborrheic dermatitis at 5% and 10%
Topical triamcinolone is used to treat itching, redness,
dryness, scabs, peeling, inflammation and the discomfort caused by
different skin diseases, including psoriasis (a disease of the
skin in which red and scaly patches form in some areas of the body
and eczema (a skin disease that causes the skin to dry out and itch and,
sometimes causes red, scaly rashes. Triamcinolone
belongs to a class of medications called corticosteroids. It works by
activate the natural substances in the skin to reduce swelling, the
redness and itching.

Formula (For 100 mL)

Formula 5% lotion 10% lotion

Salicylic acid 5g 10 g

Triamcinolone 0.025% 100 mL 100 mL

96° alcohol 10 mL 10 mL

Preparation method

a) Weigh the salicylic acid and dissolve it in the 10 ml of 96° alcohol in a

previously dried porcelain mortar.
b) Slowly add the 100 mL of 0.025% triamcinolone while stirring.
constantly until complete homogeneity.

Precautions

a) In the preparation, use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap.

Keep out of reach of children

36 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

Uses and administration

Topical route
b) Indicated in seborrheic dermatitis, chronic simple lichen, dermatitis of
contact in an unspecified manner.
c) To use the lotion or aerosol (spray) on your scalp, part it
hair, apply a small amount of the medication to the area
affected and gently rub. Protect the washing area and rub until the
lotion or the aerosol dries. You can wash your hair as you do
usually but not immediately after applying the
medication.

Packaging

In an amber glass bottle

Method of storage

The ambient temperature, away from light and moisture.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 37

2.16 Anti-dandruff lotion

Dandruff is an anomaly of the scalp characterized by flaking.

massive small flakes of the stratum corneum.

Thus, the circumstantial and experimental evidence includes Pityrosporum as a

scab agent, but it does not establish without a doubt that it is the only agent.
Certainly, the term 'dandruff' covers more than one case, and it is necessary to differentiate.
the dry dandruff from the oily dandruff. One more difficulty is the distinction between dandruff and

seborrheic dermatitis.

Formulation

Formula

Sulfur 12 g

Salicylic acid 4g

Alcohol 70° 150 mL

Distilled water 150 mL

Preparation method

Weigh the sulfur powder and salicylic acid on an analytical balance.

b) Mix the obtained powders uniformly in a mortar and
subsequently gradually add the 70° alcohol.
c) Homogenize by adding distilled water.

Precautions

a) In the preparation, use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap.

Keep out of the reach of children

38 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

Uses and management

a) Topical route, specifically on the scalp

b) Use daily, or on alternate days, on wet or dry hair.
Gently massage until the product is evenly distributed
distributed.
c) Indicated for dandruff accompanied by seborrheic dermatitis.

Packaging

In an amber glass jar

Way of storing

Ambient temperature, away from light and moisture.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 39

2.17 Mentholated Analgesic and Refreshing Lotion
Menthol lotion that disinfects and refreshes the skin, leaving a feeling of cold.
therefore it acts as an anti-irritant.

Formulation

Formula

Menthol 0.3 g

Camphor 1.3 g

70° alcohol c.s.p 100 mL

Preparation method

a) Pulverize the menthol and camphor in a mortar, then dissolve in some

mL of 70° alcohol.
b) Add the remaining 70° alcohol until the indicated volume is complete.

Precautions

a) In the preparation, use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap.

Keep out of reach of children

Uses and administration

a) Topical route.
b) Indicated as an analgesic and cooling agent for pain and itching.

Packaging

In an amber glass bottle

Storage form

At room temperature, away from light and humidity.

40 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

2.18 Mentholated Antipruritic Lotion
Antipruritics, also known as anti-itch medications, are
medications that inhibit itching (from Latin: prurito) that is often associated
with burns, allergic reactions, eczema, psoriasis, chickenpox, infections
by fungi, insect bites such as those from mosquitoes, fleas, and the
mites, contact dermatitis and urticaria caused by plants such as
poison ivy (induced by contact dermatitis) or nettle

Formulation

Formula

Menthol crystals 0.5 g

Camphor 0.5 g

Phenolic acid (phenol) 0.5 g

Alcohol 96° 20 mL

Glycerin 10 mL

Distilled water c.s.p 100 mL

Preparation method

a) Each of the reagents to be used is weighed according to the instructions.

previously in the formulation with great care.
b) Carefully add 20 mL of alcohol to a container.
c) Besides, in a precipitation flask dissolve the menthol in alcohol until
complete dissolution, this prepared solution is added to the initial container
d) Add camphor and shake constantly until completely dissolved.
e) As a final step, add phenol acid with great caution.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 41

Precautions

a) Use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap during preparation.

b) Do not add phenolic acid in the form of crystals
c) Keep out of reach of children.

Uses and administration

a) Topical route.

b) Indicated in cases of hives, bites, and skin rashes.

Packaging

In an amber glass jar

Method of storage

Phenolic acid should be kept in a tightly closed and dry container.

in a cool and well-ventilated place. Do not use plastic containers. During the
Do not breathe in gases / fumes / vapors; avoid contact with the
eyes, skin, and clothing. Keep away from heat, sources of ignition and
protected from sunlight. Wear appropriate protective clothing. Do not eat or smoke in
the workplace. Maintain strict hygiene standards.

At room temperature, away from light and humidity.

42 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

2.19 15% and 20% zinc oxide ointment
Zinc oxide is used in a wide range of cosmetics and care products.
personal, like makeup, nail products, baby lotions, soaps of
bath and talcum powder for feet. Zinc oxide is also used in skin protectants,
such as ointments for diaper dermatitis and protective products
solar.

Formula Zinc oxide 15% Zinc oxide 20%

Zinc oxide 15 g 20 g

Solid Vaseline 100 g 100 g

Preparation method

Weigh the zinc oxide and dissolve it with 5 mL of liquid petroleum until achieving
a consistency of creamy paste.
b) Add the solid petroleum jelly.
c) Mix until reaching a point called cotton.

Precautions

a) In the preparation, use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Uses and administration

a) Topical route.

Indicated for dryness and cracking of the skin.

Packaging

In a dry plastic bottle

Way of storing

The ambient temperature, away from light and humidity.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 43

2.20 Pasta in water
The water-based paste creates a protective barrier on the baby's skin, preventing damage.
provoked by proteolytic enzymes and the alteration of the skin pH of the
feces, the baby's urine and saliva, soothes irritations, hydrates the first layer
from the skin, the dermis, and also regenerates it. It adheres to the skin easily,
it has a quick drying time and does not greasy. It is a watery lotion and is composed of

mainly due to; talc, kaolin, with astringent and absorbent action, that
absorbs excess moisture. Zinc oxide, which provides an antiseptic active.
Glycerin or propylene glycol hydrate and restore elasticity to the skin. And for
last purified water.

Formula

Zinc oxide 25 g

Talc 25 g

Glycerin 25 mL

Distilled water c.s.p 100 mL

Preparation method

a) Weigh the zinc oxide and the talc respectively.

b) In a mortar, grind the zinc oxide until it has a powdery appearance.
finely powdered homogeneous. Add the talc and mix
homogeneously
c) Add the glycerin and stir until a homogeneous paste is obtained.
d) Then add the water in small portions and homogenize.
constant agitation.
Transfer to a suitable bottle and label properly.

Precautions

a) In the preparation, use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap.

Keep out of reach of children.

44 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

Uses and management

Topical route.
b) Indicated as a protective, water-soluble, astringent, mild, and antiseptic,
indicated in dermatosis, itching, chafing, inflammatory processes,
infections in the gluteal and genital region, eczemas and abrasions.

Packaging

In an amber glass jar

Storage method

At room temperature, away from light and moisture.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 45

2.21 Calamine Paste
Preparations for relief from sunburn can be formulated on the
calamine lotion base or other zinc preparations.

Regarding this, manufacturers must take into account that the 'burns'
solar rays are quite capable of producing exactly the same lesion as the
steam burns, and there is still the resulting risk of infection from
bacteria and absorption of damaged proteins. That is why these preparations
they must be antiseptic.

Formula

Calamine 10 g

Zinc oxide 20 g

Talc 20 g

Glycerin 10 mL

solid petroleum jelly 20 g

Lanolin 20 g

Preparation method

Weigh the galvanized iron, zinc oxide, and talc as precisely as possible.
possible. In a container, homogenize the mixture of all of them.
b) Measure 10 mL of glycerin and add to the first container
c) Mix until a pasty and homogeneous cream forms.
d) Add solid vaseline and lanolin, then mix with a spatula until achieving
the cotton point.
Transfer to an appropriate bottle and label properly.

46 Q.F. Mario [Link] Querevalú

Precautions

a) In the preparation, use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap.

b) The selection of an appropriate antiseptic is preferably made
Individually; many of the chlorinated biphenyls are good germicides.
and they are not irritating, and they are harmless in ordinary concentrations.

c) For severely burned areas, the inclusion of a local anesthetic is indicated.

the analgesic, although they must be carefully selected in view of the
dangers of absorption
d) In general, fatty preparations should not be used in the treatment of
sunburns. They only retain the heat of the burn and prevent use
of an antiseptic capable of mixing with secretions and preventing the
bacterial infection.
Keep out of the reach of children.

Uses and administration

a) Topical route.

b) Indicated as relief for sunburns, itching, pain and

discomfort due to skin irritation of different kinds.

Packaging

In a dry plastic bottle

Storage method

At room temperature, away from light and humidity.

Q.F. Mario [Link] Querevalú 47

Pasta Lassar
Lassar paste is a cream that contains a specific ingredient such as
zinc oxide. A compound used to care for and treat various problems
from the skin, such as irritations or certain painful ailments. Thanks to this
composed, cellular development is improved by adding more protein and also,
collagen. In summary, we can say that it is healing, it maintains the
skin moisture and refreshes against the burning sensation on it. But still
there's more, as it has no side effects.

Formula

Zinc oxide 25 g

Talc 25 g

Solid Vaseline 25 g

Lanolin 25 g

Preparation method

a) Weigh the zinc oxide and the talc as accurately as possible.

b) In a mortar, crush the zinc oxide until a very fine powder is obtained.
c) In a prepared container, melt the lanolin and petroleum jelly in a water bath.
Maria and then remove from heat and add the zinc oxide and talcum powder.
Shake until cooling until obtaining a homogeneous paste-like texture.

Precautions

a) In the preparation, use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap.

b) Keep out of reach of children.

Uses and management

a) Topical route.

48 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

 Apply the ointment 2 to 3 times a day to the area to be treated generally.
after a diaper change.
c) The applications with Pasta Lassar will generally be made after the
bathroom and other times when necessary, generally coinciding with the
diaper change.
Indicated for chronic dermatitis, states of dryness and cracking of the skin
(bedsore and scalds).
e) Do not use on skin with exudative wounds.
f) Avoid contact with the eyes, ears, and other mucous membranes (e.g., nose and mouth).

Packaging

In a dry plastic bottle

Form of storage

At room temperature, away from light and humidity.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 49

2.23 Salicylic Ointment
Ointments are semi-solid preparations of a homogeneous appearance and of
unctuous consistency. A very heterogeneous group of pharmaceutical preparations,
characterized by its semi-solid consistency. They are intended to be applied
on the skin or mucous membranes in order to exert a local action or give rise to
skin penetration of the drugs they contain. They consist of a base
simple or compound, in which the principles are dissolved or dispersed
Active ingredients. They are pharmaceutical forms for external use of semisolid consistency.

that contain up to 40% water on a fatty base.

Formula

Methyl salicylate 18 g

Menthol 4.7 g

Eucalyptol 2g

Paraffin 6.3 g

Solid vaseline 69 g

Preparation method

a) In a container, slowly melt the solid vaseline and the paraffin.

(approximately at 70 ºC) until liquefaction is complete, then
incorporate the menthol and shake until completely dissolved.
b) Remove the container from the water bath and then add the salicylate of
mix it, then the eucalyptol and mix until fully homogenized.
c) Before it cools, package it in suitable containers and let it cool.

Precautions

a) Use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap during preparation.

Keep out of the reach of children.

50 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

 c) Do not apply to eyes, mucous membranes, or broken or burned skin, do not use

simultaneously with mercury preparations, children with fever and

dehydration.

Uses and administration

a) Topical route.

b) Apply by rubbing on the affected area 1 to 2 times a day.

c) Indicated as an analgesic for muscle pain, rheumatic pain, arthritic pain,

lower back pain, bursitis.

Packaging

In a dry plastic container.

Form of storage

Room temperature, away from light and humidity.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 51

2.24 Podophyllin
Resin extracted from the root of the mandrake or mayapple (Podophyllum)
peltatum) whose important component (10 to 40%) is podophyllotoxin. It
dissolves slightly in cold water, partly in hot water, and almost completely
in alcohol. It binds to the microtubules and halts mitosis in metaphase and inhibits the
DNA synthesis in a manner similar to the mechanism of colchicine. When
applied topically inhibits cell division and its action causes death and
tissue erosion. This effect explains its usefulness in the treatment of condyloma
acuminated and other warts. A part of the podophyllin is absorbed from the
application site, and absorption increases when administered in lesions
friable, bleeding, on healthy skin or on mucous membranes.

Formula

Podophyllin 20 g

Benzoin Tincture c.s.p 100 mL

Preparation method

Weigh the podophyllin in a glass container.

b) Add the Benjui tincture.
c) Mix until achieving homogenization.

Precautions

a) Use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap during preparation.

Keep out of reach of children.
c) Highly caustic and toxic medication. It should only be applied in the areas
and for the time indicated by the doctor.
d) Avoid contact with healthy skin, mucous membranes, and the mouth.

The doctor will be notified immediately in case of abdominal pain, diarrhea,

nausea, vomiting, muscle weakness.

52 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

Uses and management

a) Topical route.

Indicated in the treatment of pruritus and plantar warts.

c) Condyloma acuminatum, epitheliomatosis, superficial keratosis

multiple.

Packaging

In an amber glass jar.

Storage method

The ambient temperature, away from light and humidity.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 53

2.25 Antifungal Powder
An antifungal or antimycotic refers to any substance that has the ability
to prevent the growth of certain types of fungi or even to cause their
death.
Formula

Boric acid 2g

Salicylic acid 3g

Methyl salicylate 3 mL

Simple talcum powder 100 g

Preparation method

a) Weigh the boric acid and salicylic acid on an analytical balance and
subsequently mix evenly in a suitable container.
b) Add the methyl salicylate to the container and mix until obtaining a
homogeneous paste cream.
c) Weigh the simple talc and then add it to the container and homogenize.

Precautions

a) Use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap during preparation.

b) Keep out of reach of children.

Uses and management

Topical route.
b) Indicated as a prophylactic for athlete's foot (fungus)
superficial.

Packaging

In an amber glass jar.

Method of storage

The ambient temperature, away from light and moisture.

54 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

2.26 Antiseborrheic Shampoo
Whatever the etiology of the condition dandruff (defined as a
chronic, non-inflammatory desquamation), the problem that remains is that of
remove the crust produced by a poorly conditioned skin; a
effective shampoo, not drying, but gentle. As dandruff is commonly associated
with a notable microbiological proliferation, it is generally recommended
add a germicide (with special effect against Pityrosporum ovale) as
active control agent. As the shampoo remains on the scalp and
hair only for a very short time, the germicide must be of the substantive type, of
so that it remains later on the scalp to exert its action.

Formula

Sulfur 4.5 g

Salicylic acid 3g

Propylene glycol 5 mL

Neutral shampoo 150 mL

Preparation method

a) Weigh the sulfur and salicylic acid on an analytical balance and then
mix evenly in a suitable container.
b) Add the propylene glycol to the container and form a paste-like cream.
c) Empty the contents of the shampoo and mix with the prepared paste cream
previously.
d) Be careful when shaking the mixture due to the formation of bubbles.

Precautions

a) In preparation, use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap.

Keep out of reach of children.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 55

Uses and administration

a) Topical route.

b) Indicated in seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp accompanied by

dandruff.

Packaging

In a dry plastic bottle.

Method of storage

At room temperature, away from light and moisture.

56 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

2.27 Strong and Weak Alibour Water
Alibour water, also known as D’Alibour water, is a product
liquid pharmacological and light blue in color with a slight smell of camphor. Among its
Main components include zinc sulfate, saffron, and sulfate of
copper, mixed in water.

It is believed that alibour water is a good component for treatment.

problems on the skin such as acne and burns, which is why it also
considered as one of the main elements of home medicine.

Formula Weak Strong

Copper sulfate 1g 10 g

Zinc sulfate 3.5 g 35 g

Camphorated alcohol 10 mL 10 mL

Distilled water c.s.p 1000 mL 1000 mL

Preparation method

a) Weigh the copper sulfate and zinc sulfate accurately on a balance.

analytics.
b) Pulverize the copper sulfate and zinc sulfate in a mortar and
dissolve them in distilled water in a beaker.
c) Add the camphorated alcohol and uniform the solution.
d) Let it rest for 24 hours
e) Packaging and labeling.

Precautions

a) Properly crush the sulfates to be used.

b) In preparation, use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap.
c) Keep out of reach of children.

Q.F. Mario [Link] Querevalú 57

Uses and administration

Topical route.
b) Indicated as a drying agent, antibacterial, and antifungal.

Packaging

In an amber glass bottle.

Storage method

At room temperature, away from light and humidity.

58 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

2.28 Orange Blossom Water

The orange blossom water originates from the city of Tunis, in North Africa. From
remote times in these Arab countries are characterized by being the drivers and
knowledgeable about essential oils and waters that come from either fruits or flowers
or plants, from which various properties and benefits are derived for the
health of the body and mind, as well as for treating depression, acting as sedatives
or sedatives.

Orange blossom water is the product obtained after the distillation in a current of
steam from the infusion of orange blossom petals from the bitter orange (Citrus ×
(aurantium), very aromatic flower, small, white-violet and with many
qualities. Generally, the orange blossom makes us recognize immediately
to the orange blossom, but the flower of the lemon tree, the citron, and of
other citrus trees.

Formula

Essential oil of orange blossom 5 mL

Magnesium carbonate 10 g

Distilled water c.s.p 5000 mL

Preparation method

The oil is mixed with magnesium carbonate in a container until

has absorbed all the oil.
b) On the resulting paste from the previous step add distilled water and
mix vigorously for 30 minutes.
c) Let it rest for 12 hours and then filter through filter paper
previously moistened.
d) Packaging and labeling.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 59

Precautions

a) Oral route of administration.

b) Pediatric sedative.

Uses and administration

a) Topical route.

b) Indicated as a drying agent, antibacterial and antifungal

Packaging

In an amber glass jar.

Method of storage

The ambient temperature, away from light and humidity.

60 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

2.29 Camphorated Alcohol
Camphorated alcohol is a solution of camphor dissolved in alcohol, which by the
Generally, it is isopropanol or ethanol.

Camphor is a substance that is extracted from the wood of certain species of

plants found in Asia. Camphor basil (Ocimum
Kilimandscharicum is a medicinal herb found in some areas.
from Asia and is the main source of camphor.

Formula

Camphor 10 g

96° alcohol c.s.p 1000 mL

Preparation method

Weigh the camphor and measure 96° alcohol in a graduated cylinder.

b) Mix the substances, the 96° alcohol over the camphor and shake until
complete dilution.

Precautions

a) Oral administration route.

Keep out of reach of children.
c) Do not ingest. Do not apply on the face, or on wounds, burns, or skin.
eroded or mucous.
d) Do not use if allergic to camphor or alcohol.
It is easily flammable.

Uses and administration

Topical route.
This medication will be applied to intact skin.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 61

 c) Apply a small amount to the area of skin to be treated and rub it in.
gently. It can be applied 3 or 4 times a day. Wash hands afterwards
of each application.
d) Mainly indicated as a rubefacient, mild analgesic, relief of
burn caused by insect bites and antipruritic.

Packaging

In a hermetically sealed glass or polyethylene container.

Storage method

At room temperature, away from light and moisture.

No special storage conditions are required.

62 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

2.30 Iodized alcohol
The germicidal action of elemental iodine is the most potent known, being its
very quick action, but it combines and is inactivated by organic matter. In
contact with serum, blood or tissues precipitates the proteins and transforms
partially in inactive iodides, hence their low activity for the antiseptic of
the wounds, besides their local irritating action. Iodinated alcohol is a
combination of two very important compounds in which their association occurs
Actions, thus, the antiseptic and bactericidal power of iodine is associated with the action
of alcohol as a disinfectant. Achieving an appropriate ratio a
product with antiseptic-disinfectant pharmacological action.

Formula

Iodine tincture 20 mL

96° c.s.p. alcohol. 1000 mL

Preparation method

a) Add the water to the alcohol with vigorous stirring to homogenize and
then package.
b) Shake vigorously and keep the containers closed.

Precautions

a) In the preparation, use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap.

b) Keep out of reach of children.
c) Do not ingest. Do not apply on the face, nor on wounds, burns, or skin.
eroded or mucous.
Do not use if allergic to iodine or alcohol.
e) Avoid contact with the eyes, nasal openings, or lips, do not apply to
extensive and/or purulent areas, do not use the medication near heat
or the flame. Do not rinse after application.

Uses and management

a) Topical route.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 63

 b) Antiseptic solution used in skin disinfection; wounds
superficial, in the injection preparation. In field preparation
surgical and medical/dental procedures.
c) External use, Before using the medication wash or clean the areas
meticulously and dry them without rubbing. Apply by soaking a swab of
cotton, a small amount. Antiseptic and disinfectant. Apply to
mild skin injuries, as many times as necessary

Packaging

In a glass jar.

Storage method

Keep the container tightly closed and out of reach of children. Store in a place
fresh and dry at a temperature no greater than 30° C.

64 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

2.31 Alcohol of 50% and 70%
The most suitable concentration is 70% as it improves penetration in the
bacterial protoplasm regarding when it is used at 95%, being of action
quick to kill 90% of the skin bacteria if kept moist for
2 minutes, on the other hand, with the friction of cotton soaked in alcohol, it is achieved

inactivate 75% of the bacteria. A hand wash for one minute with
alcohol is equivalent to a 20-minute wash with soap.

It is used in the antisepsis of the skin prior to injections, blood extractions.

or small interventions, in the disinfection of syringes and hypodermic needles
and to reduce the bacterial flora of the hands. It should not be used for antisepsis.
of open wounds or skin eroded by being irritating, unstable in the presence of
of organic matter and by the possibility of forming clots that protect
surviving bacteria.

Formula 50% 70%

96° alcohol 526 mL 737 mL

Distilled water c.s.p. 1000 mL 1000 mL

Preparation method

a) Add the water to the alcohol with vigorous stirring to homogenize and
then package.
b) Shake vigorously and keep the containers closed.

Precautions

a) In the preparation, use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap.

Keep out of reach of children.
It is easily flammable.

Uses and management

a) Antiseptic, due to the amount of water it contains in its formulation.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 65

2.20 Pasta in water
The water-based paste creates a protective barrier on the baby's skin, preventing damage.
provoked by proteolytic enzymes and the alteration of the skin pH of the
feces, the baby's urine and saliva, soothes irritations, hydrates the first layer
from the skin, the dermis, and also regenerates it. It adheres to the skin easily,
it has a quick drying time and does not greasy. It is a watery lotion and is composed of

mainly due to; talc, kaolin, with astringent and absorbent action, that
absorbs excess moisture. Zinc oxide, which provides an antiseptic active.
Glycerin or propylene glycol hydrate and restore elasticity to the skin. And for
last purified water.

Formula

Zinc oxide 25 g

Talc 25 g

Glycerin 25 mL

Distilled water c.s.p 100 mL

Preparation method

a) Weigh the zinc oxide and the talc respectively.

b) In a mortar, grind the zinc oxide until it has a powdery appearance.
finely powdered homogeneous. Add the talc and mix
homogeneously
c) Add the glycerin and stir until a homogeneous paste is obtained.
d) Then add the water in small portions and homogenize.
constant agitation.
Transfer to a suitable bottle and label properly.

Precautions

a) In the preparation, use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap.

Keep out of reach of children.

44 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

2.32 Alcohol Boricado at 5%
It is a compound based on alcohol and boric acid, used for dressings and
prevention of ear conditions. A good cleaning of the ear can be done and
then place about two or three drops of boric alcohol in each ear, which will help
to prevent the ear from getting infected and causing otitis, which is very annoying.

Formula

Boric acid 5g

96° alcohol c.s.p. 100

Preparation method

Weigh the boric acid on a watch glass and set aside.

b) Measure the 96° alcohol in a beaker.
c) Gradually add boric acid under magnetic stirring to the
96° alcohol until complete dissolution of boric acid.
If deemed necessary, the solution should be filtered before being bottled.

Precautions

a) Use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap during preparation

Keep out of reach of children.
c) Do not ingest. Do not apply on the face, nor on wounds, burns, or skin.
eroded or mucous.
d) Do not use if allergic to camphor or alcohol.
It is easily flammable.

Uses and management

Topical route.
b) Treatment of external otitis.
c) Bacteriostatic and fungicidal.
Indicated for infectious and inflammatory skin conditions.
e) Washing of conjunctival and oral mucosas.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 67

Packaging

In a glass jar.

Storage method

The ambient temperature, away from light and humidity.

Does not require special storage conditions.

68 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

2.33 Antiseptic Powder
Antiseptics (from the Greek anti, against, and septicos, putrefactive) are substances
antimicrobials that are applied to living tissue or on the skin to reduce the
possibility of infection, sepsis or putrefaction.

Formula

Boric acid 5g

Zinc oxide 10 g

Simple talcum 85 g

Preparation method

a) finely pulverize all the ingredients one by one and then mix
according to the amount established in the formula. Always starting
for those with the highest amount.

b) Use a glass stirrer for proper homogenization.

Precautions

a) Use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap during preparation.

Keep out of reach of children.

Uses and administration

Topical route.
b) Bacteriostatic and fungicidal.
c) Indicated in infectious and inflammatory skin conditions.

Packaging

In a previously dried plastic bottle.

Way of storing

The ambient temperature, away from light and humidity.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 69

2.34 Antiseptic Powder
Antiseptics (from the Greek anti, against, and septicos, putrefactive) are substances
antimicrobials that are applied to living tissue or on the skin to reduce the
possibility of infection, sepsis or putrefaction.

Formula

Boric acid 5g

Zinc oxide 10 g

Simple talc 85 g

Preparation method

a) finely pulverize all the ingredients one by one and then mix
according to the amount established in the formula. Always starting
by the ones with the highest quantity.

b) Use a glass stirrer for proper homogenization.

Precautions

a) Use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap during preparation.

Keep out of reach of children.

Uses and management

topical route.
b) Bacteriostatic and fungicidal.
Indicated in infectious and inflammatory skin conditions.

Packaging

In a previously dried plastic bottle.

Storage method

At room temperature, away from light and humidity.

70 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

2.35 Powder Against Bromhidrosis
Bromhidrosis (or bromohidrosis or osmidrosis) is body odor.
usually associated with hyperhidrosis. When it is intense, it can reach
constitute a health problem with an impact on private, work, and social life
of those who suffer from it. Body odor is unpleasant and penetrating despite
the use of deodorants, antiperspirants, or perfume, which in many cases it
what they do is make the situation worse.

Formula

Boric acid 5g

Zinc oxide 25 g

Simple talcum 38.5 g

Salicylic acid 5g

Alum 5g

Formaldehyde 40% solution 1g

Magnesium carbonate 20 g

Menthol 0.5 g

Preparation method

a) In the mortar, grind all the powders separately.

b) Then mix considering the incompatibility between menthol and the
salicylic acid, for which the latter is added at the end of the mixture.
c) Shake until homogeneous.
The 40% formaldehyde solution is added directly to the bottle and mixed.
vigorously to homogenize.

Q.F. Mario [Link] Querevalú 71

Precautions

a) In the preparation use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap

Keep out of reach of children.

Uses and management

a) Topical route.

b) Bacteriostatic and fungicidal.

c) Indicated in cases of bromhidrosis.

Packaging

In a previously dried plastic bottle.

Storage form

The ambient temperature, away from light and humidity.

72 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

2.36 Foot powder
Our feet are a very important part of the body, as without them we cannot
we could easily move to various places, but it is also one of the
parts of the body that we tend to neglect, since we expose them to high
heat temperatures inside the shoe, causing bad odor, sweating,
fungi or unpleasant infections, but in an attempt to avoid some of these
In situations like bad odor, we often use products like talcum powder.

Formula

Zinc oxide 9g

Camphor 1g

Corn starch 20 g

Simple talcum 110 g

Preparation method

a) In a mortar, grind the zinc oxide until it is fully fine.

b) Then incorporate the camphor and homogenize by grinding.
c) Pulverize the plain talc until it has a homogeneous appearance.
d) Add the mixture of zinc oxide with camphor and then add
the starch and also homogenize by crushing.

Precautions

a) Use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap during preparation.

Keep out of reach of children.

Uses and administration

a) Topical route.

b) Eliminate and avoid bad odor in feet and shoes.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 73

 c) Prevents the proliferation of germs.
Indicated in cases of bromhidrosis and osmohidrosis.

Packaging

In a previously dried plastic bottle.

Storage form

The ambient temperature, away from light and humidity.

74 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

2.37 Antifungal Ointment I
The most common superficial mycoses are those caused by fungi.
filamentous or dermatophytes (Epidermophyton, Trichophyton or Microsporum)
the most common genres). These diseases are known as tinea and, since
these fungi live at the expense of keratin, causing lesions on the skin,
hair and nails, but they never develop in the mucous membranes.

The most common treatment for these mycoses is usually topical, using creams.
ointments or solutions. The use of powders is basically restricted to certain
wet areas, such as the feet and the groin.

The penetration of this type of drugs in cases of hyperkeratotic lesions.

it is usually scarce, which is why in those cases administration becomes essential
of some active antifungal orally. It may also be necessary the
joint treatment with both in extensive mycosis or in refractory cases with
frequent recurrences, which tend to become chronic.

Formula

Benzoic acid 6g

Salicylic acid 3g

Solid vaseline 91 g

Preparation method

a) Finely grind both substances separately in a mortar until

complete homogeneity.
b) On a glass plate place part of the vehicle (solid vaseline),
gradually incorporate and under constant agitation the salicylic acid,
stirring with a spatula to avoid the formation of lumps and to
finalize adding the benzoic acid in small amounts while stirring
constantly until achieving homogeneity.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 75

 c) Once a homogeneous mass is achieved, incorporate the rest of the vehicle.
mix until achieving complete homogenization.
d) Package in appropriate containers; generally plastic pots.
wide for easy dispensing.

Precautions

a) Use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap during preparation.

Keep out of reach of children.

Uses and administration

Topical route.
b) Treatment of skin mycosis, athlete's foot, and infections
caused by the fungus epidermophyton

Method of storage

The ambient temperature, away from light and humidity.

76 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

2.38 Antifungal Ointment II
There are different types of treatments, but the most common one 'for this type of
mycosis is usually treated with topical antifungals using creams,
ointments or solutions." These topical antifungals are very useful "because they are
easy to manage, provide good clinical response, rarely produce effects
secondary and do not interfere with oral medications.

At times, oral therapy consumption is necessary, as the combination

between both therapies, topical and oral, tend to yield very good results. Among the
most commonly used topical agents, imidazoles, such as ketoconazole, clotrimazole
miconazole, which have high efficacy and good tolerance. Another one of
the active ingredients are terbinafine and ciclopiroxolamine, which have a broad
spectrum of action, as well as nystatin, which is only active against candidiasis.
Regarding oral medications, the most commonly used contain
itraconazole, fluconazole or terbinafine.

Formula

Benzoic acid 6g

Salicylic acid 3g

Solid vaseline 89 g

Ketoconazole 2g

Preparation method

a) Finely grind both substances separately in a mortar until

complete homogeneity.
b) On a glass plate, place half of the white petrolatum and then
incorporate the ketoconazole in small amounts by mixing
constantly until complete homogeneous dispersion.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 77

 c) Proceed in the same way with the rest of the reagents one by one until
complete homogenization.
d) Finally, add the rest of the petroleum jelly until full.
homogenization.

Precautions

a) Use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap during preparation.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Uses and management

a) Topical route.

b) Treatment of skin mycosis.

Storage form

The ambient temperature, away from light and humidity.

78 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

2.39 Antirheumatic Ointment
They are made with hydrophobic fatty excipients, such as petroleum jelly and paraffin. They are

those that have a more occlusive capacity, as they form an impermeable layer
about the skin that hinders the evaporation of water. Due to this ability to retain
the internal water and sweat soften and hydrate the skin. They do not absorb exudates
aqueous. Due to these properties, ointments are indicated in
very dry dermatosis, in areas where the skin is thick like the palms,
plants, elbows, and knees. They are the ideal base for very dry injuries, such as
for example psoriasis. They are also excellent for softening and removing the scabs or
scaly skin. On the contrary, they are contraindicated in infected areas and
exudative lesions, as their occlusive effect would worsen the infection.

Formula

Methyl salicylate 18 g

Menthol 4.7 g

Eucalyptol 2g

Paraffin 6.3 g

White petrolatum 69 g

Preparation method

a) In a container, slowly melt the white petrolatum and the paraffin

(approximately at 70 ºC) until liquefaction is complete, then
Incorporate the menthol and shake until completely dissolved.
b) Remove the container from the water bath and then add the salicylate of
mix it, then the eucalyptol and stir until completely homogenized.
c) Before it cools, pack it in suitable containers and let it cool.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 79

Precauciones

a) Use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap during preparation.

Keep out of reach of children.
c) The ointments should be used only externally. One must
avoid contact with the eyes and mouth. It is advisable that it be done a
Test on a small area of skin to check for any reactions.
intolerance to prepared formulation.

Uses and administration

Topical route.
b) Antirheumatic, for the treatment of muscle pain and sprains.

Storage method

The ambient temperature, away from light and humidity.

80 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

2.40 Charcot Rubbing Ointment
Methyl salicylate: analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and rubefacient,
used topically in creams, lotions, or liniments as irritants
cutaneous in rubefacient preparations.

Menthol is an alcohol that, when applied to the skin, dilates the blood vessels and
causes a sensation of cold followed by an analgesic effect. It is also used
as a nasal decongestant. It seems that menthol acts on the receptor
TRPM8, a thermosensitive cation channel.

Formula

Methyl salicylate 12 g

Menthol 1g

Camphor 1g

Eucalyptol 0.5 g

White petrolatum 85.5 g

Preparation method

a) In a container, melt the petroleum jelly in a water bath and add the camphor.
the menthol and finally the methyl salicylate; shake one by one until
complete dissolution.
b) Once all the ingredients have dissolved, remove from the water bath and
incorporate the eucalyptus by constantly stirring.
c) When liquid, containerize in wide-mouth containers for handling.
posterior.

Precautions

a) In the preparation, use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 81

 Keep out of reach of children.
c) Avoid contact with eyes, mucous membranes, and genitals. Do not apply
on irritated or wounded skin. Do not use on patches. History of
sensitivity to ASA, with asthma or nasal polyps. If irritation appears
excessive skin, discontinue treatment.

Uses and administration

Topical route.
b) Antirheumatic, for the treatment of muscle pain and sprains.

Storage method

Ambient temperature, away from light and humidity.

82 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

2.41 Ointment 'Mentholatum'
Camphor: It is a substance found in the camphor tree that constitutes a
organic compound of plants. It has aromatic qualities and is used as
insect repellent. On the skin, it acts as a pain reliever, moisturizer, and refresher.

Menthol: It is an organic compound obtained from the peppermint plant and from
peppermint oil, or it can also be synthesized. In medicine, such as
antispasmodic, muscle relaxant, decongestant, topical analgesic and
antipruritic. On the skin, it chemically stimulates the cold receptors, giving the
feeling of coolness when inhaled, eaten, or applied.

Formula

Pine oil 0.35 g

Menthol 2.5 g

Camphor 5g

Eucalyptus oil or Eucalyptol 0.35 g

Gaulteria Oil 0.35 g

White Vaseline 91.45 g

Preparation method

a) In a suitable container, melt the petroleum jelly in a water bath, then

incorporate the camphor, dissolve under constant agitation and then incorporate
the menthol while continuously shaking until complete homogenization.

b) Remove the mixture from the heat source and add the oils one by one
under constant agitation.
c) When the sample is liquid, transfer it to the respective containers.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 83

Precautions

a) During preparation, use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap.

Keep out of reach of children.
c) Never use VapoRub or Mentholatum on children under 2 years old.
Do not apply these products in the nasal cavities, nose, oral cavity of
no child or adult.
Do not use these products on burns of any kind.
Do not use these products as sunscreen.
g) Do not use them as a sexual lubricant. Vaseline destroys latex.
condoms and they break easily.
h) These products can be toxic if inhaled.
If your child experiences breathing difficulties after using VapoRub
Oh Mentholatum, take it to the emergency.

Uses and management

Topical route.
b) Antirheumatic, for the treatment of muscle pain and sprains.
c) For relief from nasal congestion, rub a generous amount on
the throat and the chest. If you wish, cover with a warm, dry cloth,
keeping the loose clothing in such a way as to allow the vapors of the
essential oils come out and reach the nose and mouth. Repeat the
treatment up to three times a day, especially before bedtime.

Method of storage

At room temperature, away from light and humidity.

84 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

2.42 Base Cream
The moisturizing base cream is a semi-prepared cream free of parabens.
silicones and mineral oils. This is a semi-finished base for making a
personalized moisturizing cream to your tastes and needs. To this cream base
You can add up to 6% of active ingredients such as vegetable oils, oils
essentials, active ingredients, hydrolates, perfumes, etc.

Formula

Stearic acid 18 g

Triethanolamine 1.8 g

Cholesterol 2g

Glycerin 8g

Ethyl alcohol 6.5 g

Purified water 63.7 mL

Preparation method

a) In a suitable container, heat the stearic acid in a water bath.

glycerin and cholesterol until the mixture is in a single phase
homogeneous.
b) In another container, mix the ethyl alcohol with the water and
heat to the same temperature as the previous container and then after
slowly add the triethanolamine until completely dissolved.
If you need to add the indicated perfume, add it according to taste.
once the process is finished and before it cools, package in containers
suitable for such purpose.
In this formula, triethanolamine replaces the alkali used.
Generally. Cholesterol gives softness to the skin.

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 85

Precautions

a) In the preparation, use a mask, surgical gloves, and a cap.

Keep out of reach of children.

Uses and administration

a) Topical route.
b) In addition to its use as a base, it can also be applied to the skin, elbows.
or other parts of the body when they are red or rough.

Method of storage

The ambient temperature, away from light and humidity.

86 Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú

III. BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES
3.1 Plasencia Cano, Manuela. Manual of Supervised Practices in Office
Farmacia. 1ra Edición. Editorial Complutense. Madrid, España. 2002

3.2 Sanz Cillero, Ana. Preparation of Magistral Formulas, preparations

herbal, dietary and cosmetic. Professional qualifications. First Edition.
Editorial CEP S.L. 2011.

3.3 University Hospital 12 de Octubre. Preparation of Medications:

Master Formulation. Pharmacy Service. Volume II. Madrid, Spain. 2010

3.4 Muñoz T. Procedures Manual. Non-Sterile Preparations Unit.

Preparation Unit. Pharmacy Service. Chile. 2006

3.5 Official College of Pharmacists of Granada. Most Common Magistral Formulas

in the Pharmaceutical Office. 2009

Q.F. Mario T. Olaya Querevalú 87