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11 views3 pagesDigital Radiology and Image Processing
The document discusses various image processing methods in radiophysics, including manual, automatic, and digital techniques, highlighting the advantages of digital radiology over traditional methods. It explains the functionality of digital systems like PACS for storing and transmitting images, as well as the characteristics of flat-panel detectors and CR chassis. Additionally, it outlines the steps involved in film processing and emphasizes the importance of image quality in radiological diagnostics.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
11 views3 pagesDigital Radiology and Image Processing
The document discusses various image processing methods in radiophysics, including manual, automatic, and digital techniques, highlighting the advantages of digital radiology over traditional methods. It explains the functionality of digital systems like PACS for storing and transmitting images, as well as the characteristics of flat-panel detectors and CR chassis. Additionally, it outlines the steps involved in film processing and emphasizes the importance of image quality in radiological diagnostics.
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsCopyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Radiophysics I - UNIT:
IMAGE PROCESSING
Besides uniplanar Radiology, there are other methods of obtaining images.
digital diagnostics; CT, MRI and ultrasound machines.
2)
Processing Processing Processing
manual automatic digital
You use chassis and frames. Uses chassis but reveals itself. No darkroom required.
The developing process is and the fixed one is carried out by the A chassis with is used
carry out in the room automatic processor phosphor screen
dark It takes place inside the room. The complete process
The liquids are found dark requires very little time
in flatboats The process is faster There is a drop
Drying requires more The heat they need probability of repetition of
time Liquids produce gases the
The complete process harmful toxins for him Rx
takes a lot of time environment and the Allows archiving of
It is an obsolete method. technician images
The digital process can be
direct and indirect
3)
Digital Radiology Digital Radiology
indirect direct
The RDI uses chassis with screens. The RDD does not use chassis, it uses a.
of phosphorus, no longer uses films, by radiation detector that comes from
what is discussed about a method with only one size 35x43. This detector
ecological. it is always placed, the only thing that
The chassis with phosphor screens we do is position the patient and
they have the measurements that the chassis have at the end of the shot, the image is
conventional. (18x24, 24x30, projects directly in the
30x40, 35x35, 35x43). But inside the monitor. The detector does not move,
they have 'like a cardstock' that is not scanned. It communicates the image
the phosphor screen that does not instantly transmit to the monitor by a
exchanges, neither changes, nor a closed wifi system. Once in
take it or nothing. on this screen will be the monitor the image, it can be
the latent image that this time is changing the contrast, the brightness, the
it will definitely turn into when it is grayscale, crop, etc.
digitized, through a device
called CR, where the
chassis, it scans and projects it
on a monitor.
A digital image starts as an analog signal. Through the
data processing, the image is digitized and sampled multiple
times. The most important characteristics of a digital image are:
spatial resolution, contrast resolution, noise, and dose efficiency.
A CR chassis has inside a layer of a photo-stimulable phosphor,
The phosphorus from the CR cardboard does not instantly emit most of the
energy that the X-ray beam deposited upon interacting with it, but rather the
stores for a certain time and needs to be stimulated to emit it earlier
to spontaneously decay. The reason for this is that the phosphorus of
these plates are usually a mixture of activated barium fluoro halides with
impurities of europium.
A PACS server is a system for digital storage, transmission and
download of radiological images. PACS systems consist of
software and hardware parts that directly communicate with modalities
and they obtain the images from these. The images are transferred to a
workstation for viewing and issuing radiological reports.
The PACS viewer is a software that is installed on the workstation that
use the radiologist to receive and display radiological images. The
Images are then archived on the PACS server for download.
backward towards the workstations.
A flat-panel detector is a device that allows for the execution of a.
X-ray providing an instant digital radiological image.
It is a rigid structure, with a flat box shape inside which is placed
the radiographic film and the reinforcing screens, except in those that
they are used to make x-rays without screens.
Fundamental Characteristics and Purposes:
Seek a perfect contact between the screens and the film during
the exposure to prevent the formation of blurry areas.
They protect the radiographic film from light, which in addition to being
sensitive to X-rays is also sensitive to visible light.
They protect and preserve the screens from possible damage.
externally, in addition to protecting them from light, also
it can be harmful.
It is one of the essential elements within a service of
radiodiagnosis.
Allows for the identification of the patient.
The screen is an intermediary mechanism in the production of the
radiological image, since when it receives X-ray photons
it emits a large amount of light photons proportionally
what are the ones that are going to print the radiological film for
produce the diagnostic image.
The concept of 'Image Quality' is very subjective, but of the methods
As we saw earlier, the one with the best image is the DR (Digital)
Radiography) as it uses a sensor that takes the image directly and the
pass to the computer. This not only allows us to have a better quality of the
image if not also store it on a computer or print it.
10) STEPS FOR FILM PROCESSING
Revelado: se utiliza una solución química revelador, su propósito es
chemically reduce the exposed and energized crystals to plate
metallic black. This solution softens the film emulsion
during this process.
Rinse: It is used after developing as a water bath.
to wash the film, it is necessary to eliminate the developing of the
movie.
Fixation: The fixative is used, its purpose is to eliminate the crystals of
silver and harden the film emulsion during the process.
Lavado: es necesario para eliminar todos los componentes químicos
excesses of the emulsion.
Drying: it can be done with air at ambient temperature in a dust-free area.
or with a drying cabinet, they must be dried before handling
to be able to see them.