G+4

ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION DESIGN

PROJECT OWNER :- RETA GEZACHEW

DESIGNED BY:- Abdulhakim . m PEE/ 18034

Contents
[Link] to electrical installation report ............................................................................................. 3
1. Scopeofthework ................................................................................................................................ 3
2. GeneralRequirement ........................................................................................................................ 4
[Link] design ........................................................................................................................................... 6
1. Living anddining/family room(19.62m2) ...................................................................................... 9
2. Bed room(7.32m2) ...................................................................................................................... 10
3. Bath /shower/laundry room(2.6m2) .......................................................................................... 11

Thus N=Ptot/Peach lamp (en) =10.83w/36w  1 lamp ;hence (1x36w) ceiling lamp is used ................................................................ 12

4. Kitchenroom(1.8m2) ................................................................................................................... 12
1. Living anddining/family room(22.6m2) ...................................................................................... 13
2. Bed room(7.32m2) ...................................................................................................................... 14
3. Bath /shower/laundry room(2.6m2) .......................................................................................... 15

Thus N=Ptot/Peach lamp (en) =10.83w/36w  1 lamp ;hence (1x36w) ceiling lamp is used ................................................................ 17

4. balcony/stair/Corridor(22.61m2) ............................................................................................... 17
5. STORE (4.2m2) ............................................................................................................................ 18
6. Kitchen(3.4m2)............................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Thus N=Ptot/Peach lamp (en) =19w/75w 1lamps hence 1(1x75w)ceiling mounted lamp .................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

[Link] of out let .......................................................................................................................... 20

4. Power calculation............................................................................................................................ 20
7.1 Lighting wattage determinations ........................................................................................................ 20
7.2 Socket outlet wattage determination ............................................................................................. 20
5. Assessment of load & determination of power distribution system .............................................. 21
6. Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................... 28
7. Standards and Sizes......................................................................................................................... 29
8. Standardsandregulations ................................................................................................................ 32

Lightning design

a. Bed room1

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b. Bed room2
c. Kitchen
d. Bath/shower/laundry room
e. Common toilet
f. Corrider/staire/berendha
g. Maids room
h. Living and dining/family room
i. Office
j. Car parking
k. Parking emergency
l. Balcony/terracy/lovy
m. Internal wall light
n. Work shop/supermarket
o. Bare and Restaurant /Caffteria room
p. Mirror light
q. Pool zone room
r. Banking room
s. Mails room
t. Generator and motor room

[Link] to electrical installation report

The report explains on the foreseen electrical system design for a residential for RETA
GEZACHEW
proposed to be constructed in KOLFE SUBCITY WERED 01. Mains electric power will be
supplied from the nearest source of the Ethiopian Electric Utility(EEU). It is presumed that EEU’s
supply shall be realized through overhead distribution transformers capable of delivering
estimated peak demand. Electric power within the premise of the project will be delivered in
the form of a three phase, 4 wire, 380 volts and 50 Hz and by means underground feeder cable.

1. Scopeofthework
The scope of the work to be covered by the contractor includes the supply & installation of all the
materials,equipment and all other necessities. Facilities necessary for proper and effective operation of
electrical system arespecifiedinthe billof quantitiesandare indicated within thedrawing.

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 2. GeneralRequirement
ElectricalinstallationshallbecarriedoutinaccordancewiththeEthiopiaelectricalutility(EEU)and the
EthiopianTelecommunicationcorporation(ETC)rulesandregulation.

The Ethiopia Electric Utility supplies power to the main distribution board for 3 phase (380 V with
5wires) and for a single phase (220V with 3 wires) of 50HZ system. All material and equipment for this
supplyconnectionandmeasuringinstrument forconsumptionofpower shall besuppliedbyEEU.

The electrical work shall be implemented in the best and most effective manner to the satisfaction of
the consultantengineerina fullaccordance withthedrawingand specification.

[Link]
llmeetallrequirementsandshouldbeperformedbyskilledelectricianwhopossessestheappropriateclassifica
tionfieldofcompetence.

The prime objectives behind the design of a lighting system are as follows:

The safety and comfort of occupants - the nature of a task or process performed in a space will
dictate the luminance level which must be provided by the lighting system (1m or 1m/mw2).
Tasks involving high degrees of visual acuity will require higher lighting levels.

The minimization of energy consumption - minimization of energy consumption involves the

development of the most energy efficient lighting systems which is suitable for the task, this
can be achieved by selecting high efficiency equipment and making use of available daylight.

Color rendering or the creation of a specific atmosphere- the color characteristics of a lighting
scheme will affects tasks performed when the lighting system is on. For example tasks which
require the accurate representation of color require a light with the spectral characteristics of
daylight. Alternatively, to create a "warm atmosphere" in a restaurant requires the selection of
lights skewed to the red end of the spectrum.

A lighting design has several stages. These are as follows:

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1. Identification of the requirements for the lighting system, luminance levels, color
requirements, available space, etc;
2. Selection of equipment, lamps, luminaries; lighting systems consist of numerous
components, the two most important of which are: lamps, which influence the lighting
level, color characteristics and efficiency of the lighting system; luminaries affect the
efficiency with which the light is distributed and so affect lighting efficiency and
uniformity.
3. Design of the lighting system: lighting systems are designed to achieve a reasonably
uniform distribution of light on a particular plane (usually horizontal), avoidance of glare
with a minimum expenditure of energy. The most rudimentary form of lighting design is
done using a manual calculation point by point method ,powermethed and the lumen
method.
lumen method of lighting design to find number of luminaire/lamps/fitting/fixture is
more plausible. On lumen method the number of luminaries for a given area is
calculated by taking into account of the visual task to be carried out in the area, the
total area of the space, reflection factor of the ceiling, wall and working plane, room
index and maintenance factor. In all cases reflection factor of the ceiling, wall and
working plane are taken to be 0.7, 0.5 and 0.3 respectively maintenance factor of 0.8
taken. The design follows strictly Ethiopian building code standard - EBCS 10 from EBCS-
10 the following illumination levels are taken for various [Link] now I should use
power methed for thise APT.

No Visual Task AverageIllumination(Lux)

1 Living & Dining Room 200-500

2 Kitchen 200-750

3 Corridor/Balcony/stair/lovies/lift/ 100-300

4 BathRoom 100-300

5 Store 200-400

6 Bedroom 200-800

7 Offices and similar rooms 300-750 and 100-1000

respectively.

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 8 Car Parking 100-200

9 Laundary/utility 200-250

10 Toilet/entrances 100-200

11 Hall,landig/stairway/conference 300-500
room
12 Mechanica , ellctricaland,library 200-500
room
13 Laboratories( class room and 500-1200
proffisional)
14 Exhibit space and gymnasium 200-500
,training room
15 Work shop,suppermarket 300-1200

16 garages 200-1000

17 Cafteriya eating 200-300

[Link] design
2.1 Determination of number of Lamps

A simple means of designing lighting systems is achieved by means of the lumen method; this is
a simplified design approach to enable the designer to achieve an even light distribution in
spaces of reasonably simple geometry (i.e rectangular).

The basis of the lumen methedis the following equestion:

𝑬∗ 𝑨
N= “ (BUT I HAVE USED POWER METHED HERE)”
𝒏∗𝑭∗ 𝑴𝑭∗ 𝑼𝑭

where

N - is the number of luminaries required /no of fixtures/ no of fittings ;

E - is the required luminance (lux);

A - is the area to be Fit;

n - is the number of lamps per luminary:

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F - is the lumen output of each lamp (lumens);(initial bare lamp luminous flux /manufacturered
/lumen per fixture) lumen out put of each lamp.

MF - is known as the maintenance factor, which is a combination of three factors; mf depends

on: dust and dirt, aging of lamps and cleaning of room surface ‘

Uf - is the utilization and is a function of the luminary properties and room geometry.

Uf is found from photo metric data and it depends on 3 factors: type of luminaire,RI and
reflectance of room surface.

Illumination of rooms and number of fittings/luminaries/lamps/fixtures

The room index (RI) is calculated from

𝑳∗𝑾
RI=
𝑯∗(𝑳 𝑾)

Where L = Room length

W = Room width

H = Mounting height of luminary

Noteweconcider that a high reflectance result in ahighuf then fewer lamps are needed and
resulting in a more energy efficient light desig

Table1 Typical Reflectance Factors

Color Factor
White or Cream 0.7or0.8
Yellow 0.6
Light Green or Pink 0.5
Sky Blue or Grey 0.4
Beige or Brown 0.3

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 2 Typical Manufacturer's data for typical luminaries used to
calculate Utilization Factors.
Table
Room index
Room
reflectance
C W F 0.75 1.00 1.25 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 4.00 5.00

0.7 0.5 0.2 NA 0.61 0.65 0.67 0.70 0.71 0.73 0.74 0.75

0.3 NA 0.58 0.62 0.64 0.67 0.69 0.71 0.73 0.74

0.1 NA 0.56 0.59 0.62 0.65 0.68 0.69 0.71 0.73

0.5 0.5 0.2 NA 0.60 0.63 0.65 0.68 0.69 0.70 0.72 0.73

0.3 NA 0.58 0.61 0.63 0.66 0.68 0.69 0.71 0.72

0.1 NA 0.56 0.59 0.61 0.64 0.66 0.68 0.69 0.71

0.3 0.5 0.2 NA 0.59 0.62 0.64 0.66 0.67 0.68 0.69 0.70

0.3 NA 0.57 0.60 0.62 0.64 0.66 0.67 0.68 0.69

0.1 NA 0.55 0.58 0.60 0.63 0.65 0.66 0.68 0.68

0.0 0.0 0.0 NA 0.54 0.57 0.58 0.61 0.62 0.63 0.65 0.65

[Link] of light-points/out lets

Proper lighting ensures comfortable living. As per the recommended level of illumination for
different types of rooms, light points can be fixed on ceiling as wells. Their location should be
such as to causes minimum glare and shadows. The distance of light point from an end wall
should be equal to one half of the distance between to adjacent light.

2.2 Control of lights

Control switches for light points should be installed near the entrance of room. In the case of
large room, stair case and corridors with more than one entrance, provision is made for
controlling light points from more than one point with the help of Two-way and intermediate
switch

EFFICACY OF INCAD, FL,[Link] = 20,60,70 , 90LM/W RESPECTIVELY.

[Link] Design calculation for:

Here I HAVE USED POWER METHED TO CALCULET NO,OF LUMINAIRES/LAMPS

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 1. Living anddining/family room(27m2)
Parameters:
2
A =19.62m
2
Normal residencies room E (lux) = 200 lm/m

µ( luminousefficacy in lm/w) for incandescent( decoretive candle)

lamp=20lm/w and the required choosing power for thise lamp type is 40w.

Room height (H) = 3m Mounting height(Hm)=3-0.8=2.2m

Room length (L) = 10m Room width (W) = 1.962 m

Room index
𝑳∗ 𝑾
RI= =0.75
(𝑳 𝑾)

For RI=0.75 and reflectance code C 07, W 05 & R 03

Utilization factor (UF) =0.61 MF=0.8

 theTotal luminous flux(V in lm)

 total watt used (P) in w,kw,kva

 the luminous efficacy(µ) in lm/w

feeding the entire data v=EXA= EXA

=200x19.62/0.61x0.8=8040.98lm

UFXMF

Ptot= (V in lm) /(µ) in lm/w =8040.98lm/20lm/w=402.05w

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Thus N=Ptot/Peach lamp (en) =402w/40w  10 lamps hence

(5x40w)pendent lamps, 1x40w pendent lamp, 4wall mounted lamps.

2. Bed room(10m2)
Parameters:
2
A =7.32m
2
Normal residencies room E (lux) = 200 lm/m

µ( luminousefficacy in lm/w) for incandescent( decoretive candle)

lamp=20lm/w and the required choosing power for thise lamp type is 40w.

Room height (H) = 3m Mounting height(Hm)=3-0.8=2.2m

Room length (L) = 3.7m Room width (W) = 2m

Room index
𝑳∗ 𝑾
RI= =0.58
(𝑳 𝑾)

For RI=0.58and reflectance code C 07, W 05 & R 03

Utilization factor (UF) =1 MF=0.8

 theTotal luminous flux(V in lm)

 total watt used (P) in w,kw,kva

 the luminous efficacy (µ) in lm/w

feeding the entire data v= EXA= 200x7.23 =1808lm

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 UFXMF 1x0.8

Ptot= (V in lm) /(µ) in lm/w =1808lm/20lm/w=90.4w

Thus N=Ptot/Peach lamp (en) =90.4w/40w 2 lamps perluminairy

3. Bath /shower/laundry room(2.6m2)

Parameters:
2
A =2.6m
2
Normal residencies room E (lux) = 200 lm/m

µ( luminousefficacy in lm/w) for flourecent lamp lamp=60lm/w and the

required choosing power for thise lamp type is 36w.

Room height (H) = 3m Mounting height(Hm)=3-0.8=2.2m

Room length (L) = 2m Room width (W) = 1.3m

Room index
𝑳∗ 𝑾
RI= =0.35
(𝑳 𝑾)

For RI=0.35 and reflectance code C 07, W 05 & R 03

Utilization factor (UF) =1 MF=0.8

 theTotal luminous flux(V in lm)

 total watt used (P) in w,kw,kva

 the luminous efficacy (µ) in lm/w

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feeding the entire data v= EXA= 200x2.6 =650lm

UFXMF 1x0.8

Ptot= (V in lm) /(µ) in lm/w =650lm/60lm/w=10.83w

Thus N=Ptot/Peach lamp (en) =10.83w/36w  1 lamp ;hence

(1x36w) ceiling lamp is used

4. BED room(16m2)
Parameters:
2
A =16m
2
Standard illumination level ,E (lux) = 400 lm/m

µ( luminousefficacy in lm/w) for LED lamp=90lm/w and the required

choosing power for thise lamp type is 36w.

Room height (H) = 3m Mounting height(Hm)=3-0.8=2.2m

Room length (L) = 2m Room width (W) = 0.9m

Room index
𝑳∗ 𝑾
RI= =0.3
(𝑳 𝑾)

For RI=0.3 and reflectance code C 07, W 05 & R 03

Utilization factor (UF) =1 MF=0.8

 theTotal luminous flux(V in lm)

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 total watt used (P) in w,kw,kva

 the luminous efficacy (µ) in lm/w

feeding the entire data v= EXA= 400x1.8 =900lm

UFXMF 0.8

Ptot= (V in lm) /(µ) in lm/w =900m/90lm/w=10w

Thus N=Ptot/Peach lamp (en) =10w/75w  1lamps hence (1x75w)

ceilinglamp is used

1. Living anddining/family room(27m2)

Parameters:
2
A =22.6m
2
Normal residencies room E (lux) = 200 lm/m

µ( luminousefficacy in lm/w) for incandescent( decoretive candle)

lamp=20lm/w and the required choosing power for thise lamp type is 40w.

Room height (H) = 3m Mounting height(Hm)=3-0.8=2.2m

Room length (L) = 10m Room width (W) = 2.26m

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 Room index
𝑳∗ 𝑾
RI= =0.84
(𝑳 𝑾)

For RI=0.84 and reflectance code C 07, W 05 & R 03

Utilization factor (UF) =0.61 MF=0.8

 theTotal luminous flux(V in lm)

 total watt used (P) in w,kw,kva

 the luminous efficacy(µ) in lm/w

feeding the entire data v=EXA= EXA =22.6x200/0.61x0.8=9262lm

UFXMF

Ptot= (V in lm) /(µ) in lm/w =9262lm/20lm/w=463w

Thus N=Ptot/Peach lamp (en) =463w/40w  12 lamps hence

2(5x40w)pendent lamp ;2 wall mounted lamps

2. Bed room(17m2)
Parameters:
2
A =7.32m
2
Normal residencies room E (lux) = 200 lm/m

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 µ( luminousefficacy in lm/w) for incandescent( decoretive candle)

lamp=20lm/w and the required choosing power for thise lamp type is 40w.

Room height (H) = 3m Mounting height(Hm)=3-0.8=2.2m

Room length (L) = 3.7m Room width (W) = 2m

Room index
𝑳∗ 𝑾
RI= =0.58
(𝑳 𝑾)

For RI=0.58and reflectance code C 07, W 05 & R 03

Utilization factor (UF) =1 MF=0.8

 theTotal luminous flux(V in lm)

 total watt used (P) in w,kw,kva

 the luminous efficacy (µ) in lm/w

feeding the entire data v= EXA= 200x7.23 =1808lm

UFXMF 1x0.8

Ptot= (V in lm) /(µ) in lm/w =1808lm/20lm/w=90.4w

Thus N=Ptot/Peach lamp (en) =90.4w/40w 2 lamps perluminairy

3. Bath /shower/laundry room(2.6m2)

Parameters:

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 2
A =2.6m
2
Normal residencies room E (lux) = 200 lm/m

µ( luminousefficacy in lm/w) for flourecent lamp lamp=60lm/w and the

required choosing power for thise lamp type is 36w.

Room height (H) = 3m Mounting height(Hm)=3-0.8=2.2m

Room length (L) = 2m Room width (W) = 1.3m

Room index
𝑳∗ 𝑾
RI= =0.35
(𝑳 𝑾)

For RI=0.35 and reflectance code C 07, W 05 & R 03

Utilization factor (UF) =1 MF=0.8

 theTotal luminous flux(V in lm)

 total watt used (P) in w,kw,kva

 the luminous efficacy (µ) in lm/w

feeding the entire data v= EXA= 200x2.6 =650lm

UFXMF 1x0.8

Ptot= (V in lm) /(µ) in lm/w =650lm/60lm/w=10.83w

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 Thus N=Ptot/Peach lamp (en) =10.83w/36w  1 lamp ;hence

(1x36w) ceiling lamp is used

4. balcony/stair/Corridor(11m2)
Parameters:
2
A =22.61m
2
Standard illumination level ,E (lux) = 100 lm/m

µ( luminousefficacy in lm/w) for flourecen lamp=60lm/w and the required

choosing power for thise lamp type is 36w.

Room height (H) = 3m Mounting height(Hm)=3-0.8=2.2m

Room length (L) = 10m Room width (W) = 2.261m

Room index
𝑳∗ 𝑾
RI= =0.83
(𝑳 𝑾)

For RI=0.83 and reflectance code C 07, W 05 & R 03 ,Utilization factor (UF) = 0.61

MF=0.8

 theTotal luminous flux(V in lm)

 total watt used (P) in w,kw,kva

 the luminous efficacy (µ) in lm/w

feeding the entire data v= EXA= 100x22.61 =4633lm

UFXMF 0.8 x0.61
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Ptot= (V in lm) /(µ) in lm/w =4633m/60lm/w=77.2w
Thus N=Ptot/Peach lamp (en) =77.3w/36w 2lamp hence 2(1x36w) of each

ceiling lamp is used

5. KITCHEN (8m2)
A=8m2
2
Standard illumination level for led lamp,E (lux) = 300 lm/m

µ( luminousefficacy in lm/w) for CFL lamp=70lm/w and

the required choosing power for thise lamp type is 36w.

Room height (H) = 3m

Mounting height ( Hm)=3-0.8=2.2m

Room length (L) = 2.1m Room width (W) = 2m

Room index
𝑳∗ 𝑾
RI= =0.47
(𝑳 𝑾)

For RI=0.7and reflectance code C 07, W 05 & R 03

Utilization factor (UF) =1 MF=0.8

feeding the entire data v= EXA= 300x4.2 =1575lm

UFXMF 1x0.8

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Ptot= (V in lm) /(µ) in lm/w =1575lm/70lm/w=22.5w

Thus N=Ptot/Peach lamp (en) =22.5w/36w  1 lamp ;hence (1x36w) ceiling

lamp is use

1. STORE (70m2)
A=70m2
2
Standard illumination level for led lamp,E (lux) = 300 lm/m

µ( luminousefficacy in lm/w) for CFL lamp=70lm/w and

the required choosing power for thise lamp type is 36w.

Room height (H) = 3m

Mounting height ( Hm)=3-0.8=2.2m

Room length (L) = 2.1m Room width (W) = 2m

Room index
𝑳∗ 𝑾
RI= =0.47
(𝑳 𝑾)

For RI=0.7and reflectance code C 07, W 05 & R 03

Utilization factor (UF) =1 MF=0.8

feeding the entire data v= EXA= 300x4.2 =1575lm

UFXMF 1x0.8
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
[Link] of out let
The number of out lets in this report shall include

 Socket out let

 Power out let
 Telephone out let
 Data out let

The number of out let in the building determined not only on the size of the room but is also a
matter of individual preference and the position of the furniture

4. Power calculation
7.1 Lighting wattage determinations
Each area in each building is provided with appropriate number of service power and socket out
lets depending on the service of the area. The circuits for lighting and socket out lets are
designed in order to accommodate equal distribution of power to each sub circuit with the
lighting load determined as follows

P=N1Xw1

Where N- number of lamps in the sub circuit

W-the power of each lamp in KW

7.2 Socket outlet wattage determination

Similarly the loads for each socket sub circuit are determined by:
P = NX200 W
Where N number of socket in the sub circuit

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Once the number of Lamps, socket out let, power out Lets… etc.

Are determined, the number of circuits are decided as follows

 A maximum of10 , 100 watt Lamps are connected in one circuit

 A maximum of 6,200 watt Sockets are connected in one circuit
 A maximum of 11,500 watt, water heater are connected in one circuit
 A maximum of 1, 3,000 watt Enjeramitad& stove is connected in one circuit

5. Assessment of load & determination of power distribution system

After preparing Lay out based on power connection an assessment of maximum demand is
made as all lights and appliances do not work at once and the same time this aspect is taken
care of by the < Diversity Factor> which is the ratio of actual maximum demand to the total
connected load it is largely an expert assessment of the peak load. .

The specific tasks of the design service according to this proposals comprises of power
distribution design

The detail steps in designing the power distribution system include the followings

 Determine the total power requirement of the Building

 Select Transformer size (if total KVA is greater than 200KVA)
 Determine protective cable size
 Select appropriate cable size
 Determine protective devices
 Design proper system grounding
 Design proper system lighting Arrester
a. Determination of TOTAL& Max. Load connected Per floor

The following table shows the total connected load for each floor under he above design
consideration

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Power Analysis
Total power calculated
as
for 3 phase
MDB
√ Total Demand Load = 67.9 KVA
Diversity = 0.9
√ =pf = 0.8
√ Total Demand Load after DF = 53.23KVA
53.23
√ KW Connected = 46.1 KW
√ LINE AMPERE = 87.6 A, 3 Phase
√ Circuit Breaker Rating= 100 A, 3 Phase
√ Feeder Cable C,Section 5x35 sqmm
√ Power Fed From EEU

√ Check for voltage drop assuming a distance of 15m

which is permissile
V%= 0.6542 V value.
SDB –GF
√ Total Demand Load = 6 KVA
√ Diversity = 0.9/0.65
√ Total Demand Load after DF = 4.4 KVA
√ KW Connected = 4.3 KW
√ LINE AMPERE = 12.4 A, 1 Phase
√ Circuit Breaker Rating= 25 A, 1 Phase
√ Feeder Cable C,Section 3x6 sqmm
√ Power Fed From MDB
√ Check for voltage drop assuming a distance of 6m

V%= 0.30732 V which is permissile value.

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 SDB-1F

√ Total Demand Load = 11 KVA

√ Diversity = 0.65/0.9 pf=0.8
√ Total Demand Load after DF = 10.1KVA
√ KW Connected = 9.8 KW
√ LINE AMPERE = 28.4 A, 3 Phase
√ Circuit Breaker Rating= 25 A,3 Phase
√ Feeder Cable C,Section 3x6 sqmm
√ Power Fed From MDB

√ Check for voltage drop assuming a distance of 9m

V%= 0.4321 V which is permissile value.

SDB 2-4F
√ Total Demand Load = 14 KVA
Diversity =0.9 or 0.65
note that:less DF is
better than large
√ PF =0.8
√ Total Demand Load after DF = 12.2 KVA
√ KW Connected = 11.3 KW
√ LINE AMPERE = 28.43 A, 3 Phase
√ Circuit Breaker Rating= 25 A,3 Phase
√ Feeder Cable C,Section 3x6 sqmm
√ Power Fed From MDB

√ Check for voltage drop assuming a distance of 12m

23 | P a g e
 V%= 0.51753 V which is permissile value.

b. Determine Optimum Cable Lay out

Distribution board(s) is / are located considering the load center

The following are some of the factors which will be consider in determining the
optimum low voltage cable lay out

 Minimum voltage drop along the supply line,

 Minimum size and total length f supply cable
 Minimum civil work for the supply voltage
 Safety and maintainability of the installation

Finally cable lay out is prepared an submitted for the approval of the Architect.

This is required to verify the civil wok for electrical installation is in line with other civil
works on site.

c. Selecting Cable Size

The following have been considered in selecting cable size for this specific application.

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  The maximum load connected at the end f the cable
 Permissible voltage drop according to the rules and regulation given in the
standards
 The prospective fault current
 The environmental condition of the installation.

Selecting cable using load

In order to select the appropriate cable I is necessary to know the maximum load current I L is
calculated as follows.

𝑷𝒎𝒂𝒙 ( 𝒌𝒘) ∗ 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎

IL
𝟑 ∗𝑽𝒏 (𝒗)∗𝒄𝒐𝒔(𝜽)

Vn is supplied voltage which is 380 v for our specific application the calculated load current is
used to select the cable size by reference to relevant tables for current carrying capacity of
cables. The cable is so selected that the current carrying capacity it is higher than the load
current IL

The current caring capacity It given in the tables are calculated for standard conditions specified
in EBCS-10

For statically calculation of cable size & protection device see No. [Link]

d. Calculating the Voltage drop

The next step is determining of Voltage drop (V%) usually voltage drop per unit load and unit
length, or the impedance of the cable per unit of length is given in the tables along with the
current carrying capacity. The following are then the two different approaches in determining
the voltage drop along the supply line.

If the voltage drop per unit load and length is used to determine the voltage drop, then

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 𝒎𝒗
𝑽𝑳 ( 𝑨 ) ∗ 𝑰𝑳 (𝑨) ∗ 𝑳(𝒎)
𝒎
𝒗% = ∗ 𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝑽𝑳 (𝒗 ∗ 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎)

Were,

IL is the value from the tables

IL load current

L-length of the cable/conductor

VL Phase to phase voltage (380V)

If the impedance per unit length is used to determine the voltage drop, then

𝒏
𝑰𝒃 (𝑨) ∗ 𝒁𝒕 ∗ 𝑳(𝒎)
𝒌𝒎
𝒗% = ∗ 𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝑽𝑳𝑵 ∗ 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎

Where,

IL Load current

Zt the value from the table

L (-length of the cable/conductor

VLN phase to neutral voltage (220V)

The calculated percentage of the voltage drop shall always be below the permissible voltage
drop, which is 5% according to standards. However, for longer runs of electric cable the
calculated voltage drop may be greater than the maximum permissible voltage drop. In this
case larger conductor size will be selected and the voltage drop is calculated again until the

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calculated voltage drop is less than the maximum permissible voltage drop. Accordingly, for
the selected cable size he following applies.

𝒗% < 5%

Prospective fault current

It is to verify that the selected cable is capable passing short circuit current without damage
until the fault is cleared. Since the short circuit is limited b the impedance of the transformer
and the impedance of the cable, through which the short circuit passed; the short circuit
current is calculated as follows:

𝑉
𝑰𝒌 =
𝒁𝒕 𝒁𝒄

Where, Zt is the impedance of the transformer, and Zc is impedance of the cable

Zc is usually given in tables as per unit length and Z t is given as % reactance for a given
transformer, and present part of is technical specifications.

On the other hand the cable short-circuit withstand is given as follows

𝑨∗𝑲
𝑰𝒔𝒄 (𝑨) =
√𝒕

↖Isc Short-Circuit rating in amps

A cross section of the conductor in square millimeter

K – Constant combining temperature limits and properties of conductor materials

t- Duration of short circuit in second

There fore. For the selected cable size the following applies:

𝑰𝒔𝒄 > 𝐼𝒌

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 e. Selecting Protective device

The protective devices are selected taking the following consideration

 It should not operate under normal conditions of momentary over loads

 It must operate when sustained over load and short circuit occurs.
 There should be proper discrimination when two or more protective devices are in
series `
 It should have adequate breaking or rupturing capacity i.e. it should be able to clear the
fault without any damage to itself or the installation it is protecting.

The protective devices in use under this proposal will be fuse and circuit breakers fuses are
intended for protection against short circuit faults and circuit breakers are more appropriate for
protection against over loads and earth faults

f. Earthling road calculation and selection

The main distribution boards shall be grounded with bare copper conductor of appropriate cross-
section and shall be connected to the earthling system. Earthling shall be done with property
buried galvanized steel earth electrode.

6. Conclusion
Location of outlets

All dimensions is measured from F.F level

Electrical Component Location

Switch 1:30 cm

Junction box 20cm

Telephone system 30cm

MDB and SDB 1:80cm

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Bed side switch 1m

Water heater 1.70m

Stove 30cm

Kitchen socket 1:10m

Bell push button 1m

Telephone system
Telephones outlets are provided in each room conduit of 13mm diameter are to be installed for
telephone wire according to Ethio telecom regulation.

Bell call system

Low voltage bell call system is to be installed in required room and the call panel is to be
installed near to kitchen.

7. Standards and Sizes

Minimum size of copper earth continuity conductors

and copper earthing leads

Largest current carring Earth continuity Earthing Lead

conductor (mm)2 conductor (mm)2 (mm)2
2.5 2.5 4
4 4 4

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 6 6 6
10 10 6
16 16 6
25 16 10
35 16 10
50 25 35
70 35 35
95 50 50
120 70 70
150 70 70
185 95 70
240 120 70
300 150 70
400 185 70

Standard Wire or Cable sizes, Current carrying capacity and

Voltage drops for every 50 meters.

Cross Sectional Enclosed in conduit Enclosed/Clipped direct to surface

(mm)2 2-Wire 3or4 Wire 2-Wire 3or4 Wire
I drop(V) I I drop(V) I drop(V)

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 (A) (A) drop(V) (A) (A)

1.5 16 19 13 12.6 19 22.9 17 16.1

2.5 21 15 17 10 25 18.2 22 12.6
4 27 12 23 8.3 35 14.5 29 10.1
6 35 10.5 29 7 42 12.5 37 8.8
10 48 8.6 40 5.7 57 10 51 7.2
16 65 7.3 55 4.8 78 8.7 70 6.1
25 88 6.3 74 4.2 105 7.6 95 5.7
35 110 5.6 93 3.7 132 6.8 119 4.7
50 140 5 119 3.3 168 6 151 4.2
70 175 4.5 149 3 210 5.4 189 3.8
95 210 4 185 2.7 252 4.7 226 3.3
120 250 3.7 212 2.5 300 4.5 270 3.1
150 275 3.3 236 2.2 330 3.9 300 2.8
185 305 2.9 260 2 366 3.5 330 2.5
240 360 2.7 306 1.8 432 3.2 385 2.2
300 415 2.5 352 1.6 497 3 448 2.1

Standard Circuit Breakers (CB)

Single Phase: -6A, 10A, 16A, 20A, 25A, 32A, 40A, 50A, 63A.

Three Phase: -10A, 16A, 20A, 25A, 32A, 40A, 50A, 63A, 80A, 100A, 125A, 150A, 320A, 400A,
500A, 630A, 800A, 1000A, 1250A, 1500A, 2000A……..

Standard Conduit Sizes

- Lighting system…………………………….16mm²

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 - Bell system…………………………..……….13mm²
- Tell system…………………………..……….13mm²
- TV system…………………………..……..….13mm²
- Socket system……………………………….16mm²
- Electric Mitad………………….…………….25mm²
- Stove…………..………………….…………….25mm²
- Water Heater.………………….……………25mm²
- Power Riser………………….……………….32mm²
- EEU Feeder………………….…….………50mm²

8. Standardsandregulations

(1) IECSTANDARD
(2) PHILIPSISLILLUMINATIONDESIGNDETAILS
(3) ETHIOPIANBUILDINGCODESTANDARD,EBCS
(4) ELECTRICALHANDBOOK
(5) ETHIOPIANELECTRICPOWERCORPORATION:RULESANDREGULATION
S

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