ELECTRIC CHARGES & FIELDS

1. How much greater is one micro coulomb compared to an electronic charge? (i)10 13 times
(ii)1010 times (iii)1011 times (iv)106 times
2. What are the nature and the magnitude of the force between a proton and an electron

3. A dipole is placed in a uniform electric field at an angle 𝜃.The torque acting on it is

separated by 0.8 fermi.

3×10−4Nm and the electric field is 6× 104N/C . Find the angle if the dipole moment is
10×10−9Cm
4. A uniformly charged conducting shell has a total charge of 5𝜇𝐶 and radius 0.1m .What is
the electric field
(i) at a point 0.2m from the centre
(ii) (ii) on the surface of the shell
(iii) (iii)inside the shell
5. When a dipole is placed in a uniform electric field the torque acting on it is found to be
0.707 times the maximum torque.
Calculate the angle between the intensity of electric field and electric dipole moment.
6. If charge on each of the two particle is doubled and distance is also doubled, how does
force change

ELECTRIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE

7. 5J work is done in moving a positive charge of 0.5 C between two points. What is the
potential difference between these points ?
8. Two charges 3  10 − 8 C and − 2  10 − 8 C are located 15 cm apart. At what point on the
line joining the two charges is the electrical potential zero? Take the potential at infinity to
be zero.
9. The variation of electric charge with electric potential in a device is given below a)Identify
the device.
b) What does the slope of the graph represents? c) The area under the graph gives ------------

10. Obtain the equivalent capacitance of the network in Figure. For a 300 V supply, determine
the charge and voltage across each capacitor .

11. A 600 pF capacitor is charged by a 200V supply. How much electrostatic energy is stored by
the capacitor. It is then disconnected from the supply and is connected to another
uncharged 600pF capacitor. How much electrostatic energy is lost in the process.
12. For a parallel plate capacitor with each plate of area ‘A’ separated by distance ‘d’ in air, its
capacitance is given by C = 0 A/d
(a)Represent the charge ‘q’ given to a capacitor of capacitance ‘C’ with potential difference
‘V’ in a graph. What will be the shape of the graph?
(b)If you connect the plates of a parallel plate capacitor by a copper wire,what happens to
the capacitor ? Justify your answer.
(c)Using the above expression, show that energy density of a parallel plate capacitor is
(1/2)0 E2 where ‘E’ is electric field between parallel plates.

CURRENT ELECTRICITY
13. Which of the following obeys Ohm’s law? (i) Transistor (ii) Nichrome (iii) Diode (iv) Liquid
electrolyte
14. Ten million electrons pass from point P to point Q in one micro second. The current and its
direction is
15. Estimate the average drift speed of conduction electrons in a copper wire of cross-sectional

be 9×1028 𝑚−3.
area 1.0 ×10−7𝑚2 carrying a current of 1.5A .Assume the density of conduction electrons to

16. For what value of unknown resistance y ,the potential difference between A and B is zero in
the arrangement as shown in figure below?

17. A silver wire has a resistance of 2.1Ω at 27.5℃ and a resistance of 2.7Ω at
100℃ .Determine the temperature coefficient of resistance of silver.

MOVING CHARGES AND MAGNETISM

18. What is the value of a magnetic field at any point on the axis of a current element?
(a)Minimum (b)Maximum (c)Zero (d)Constant
19. Calculate the torque on a 100 turn rectangular coil of length 40 cm and breadth 20 cm,
carrying a current of 10 A, when placed making an angle of 60° with a magnetic field of 3 T.
20. A galvanometer gives deflection of 10 divisions per mA. The resistance of galvanometer is
60Ω. If a shunt of 2.5 Ω is connected to the galvanometer and there are 50 divisions on the
galvanometer scale, what maximum current can this galvanometer read?
21. The magnetic field due to a current-carrying circular loop of radius 12 cm at its centre is
0.05× 10−4 T Find the magnetic field due to this loop at a point on the axis at a distance of
5.0 cm from the centre.

MAGNETISM & MATTER

22. A short bar magnet placed with its axis at 30° with a uniform external magnetic field of
0.4Tesla experiences a torque of magnitude 2 × 10−2J. What is the magnitude of the
magnetic moment of the magnet?
23. A solenoid has a core of a material with relative permeability 500 and its windings carry a
current of 1A. The number of turns of the solenoid is 500/m. Find magnetisation of the
material.
24. A solenoid has a core of a material with relative permeability 500. The windings of the
solenoid are insulated from the core and carry a current of 1A. If the number of turns is
2000 per meter, Calculate
1. Magnetic Intensity H
2. Magnetic field B
3. Magnetisation M
25. A bar magnet of magnetic moment 0.48𝐽/𝑇 lies aligned with the direction of a uniform
magnetic field 0.1T. a. What is the amount of work required by an external torque to turn
the magnet so as to align its magnetic moment
(i) Normal to the field direction (ii) Opposite to the field direction
26. Magnetic field arises due to charges in motion. Can a system have magnetic moments even
though its net charge is zero
27. Does a bar magnet exert a torque on itself due to its own field? Does one element of a
current-carrying wire exert a force on another element of the same wire?

ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION

28. The SI unit of magnetic flux is ________

29. For an ideal-step-down transformer, the quantity which is constant for both the coils is
(a)current in the coils (b)voltage across the coils (c)resistance of coils (d)power in the coils
30. What is the need for laminating the core of a transformer? (a) To reduce the resistance in
the winding (b) To reduce the eddy currents (c) To reduce the hysteresis (d) None of the
above
31. Why a shock from 220V ac is more fatal than that from 220Vdc?
32. A light bulb is rated at 100W for a 220 V supply. Find
(a) the resistance of the bulb
(b) the peak voltage of the source
(c) the rms current through the bulb

33. (a) The electrical analog of mass is (i) diode (ii) capacitance (iii) Inductance (iv) resistance
34. The generation of e.m.f when the magnetic flux associated with a coil changes is known as
electromagnetic induction.
a) Mention the factors on which the self inductance of a solenoid depends.
b) Calculate the energy stored in an inductor of inductance 50 mH when a current of 2 A is
passing through it.
c) Two identical loops one of copper and other of aluminium are rotated with same speed
in the same magnetic field. In which case the i) Induced e.m.f ii) Induced current will be
more and why?

ALTERNATING CURRENT

36. Power developed in an ac circuit can be expressed as P=VI cos ∅.

35. (a) The S.I unit of inductive reactance is (i) Henry (ii) Ohms (iii) Volt (iv) No unit.

37. In certain circuits no power is developed even though current flows through it.
38. a) Identify such a circuit from the following: (i) purely inductive circuit (ii) purely resistive
circuit (iii) inductive and resistive circuits (iv) resistive and capacitive circuits
39. a) An alternating voltage is applied across on LCR circuit as shown below. Draw the phasor
diagram for the circuit.
b) Prove that an inductor offers easy path to d.c and a resistive path to a.c
c) In the above circuit if L=100mH, C=100µF, R=120 Ω and E=30sin(100t) find the i)
Impedance ii) Reactance iii) Peak current and iv)Resonant frequency of the circuit.

40. A series LCR AC circuit has great practical importance. It is used for tuning radio, T.V.
wireless sets etc.
Under what condition the circuit is used for tuning ?

ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

41. The electric field vector of an electromagnetic wave is represented as

Ex=Em sin(kz- ωt).Write the equation for magnetic field vector
42. Name the electromagnetic waves used for the following applications.
a) Imaging of bones of human body. b) Mobile phone communication. c) Remote control
of T.V. sets. d) For sterilizing surgical instruments
43. Which electromagnetic waves are used for the following purposes?
i. Diagnostic tool in medicine
ii. Kill germs in water purifier
iii. Cellular phones
iv. In remote switches of household electronic systems
44. Name the part of the electromagnetic spectrum
a) used in radar system
b) produced by bombarding a metal target by a high-speed electron
c) Electromagnetic waves are produced by ………………..
45. In a plane E.M wave the sinusoidally oscillating electric field has an amplitude of 60V/m.
Calculate the amplitude of the magnetic field

RAY OPTICS

46. For a concave mirror focal length is ……….. (positive/negative) and for a convex mirror focal
length is ……. (positive/negative)
47. When a ray of light incident at an angle of incidence 600 on a prism of angle 600, the angle
of incidence and the angle of emergence are found to be equal. What is the refractive index
of the prism?
48. If the focal length of a double convex lens is 12 cm and radii of curvatures of faces are 10
cm and 15 cm respectively, what is the refractive index of the lens?
49. What will happen to the angle of minimum deviation D if it is completely immersed in
water? Justify your answer.
50. a) Derive the Mirror formula for a concave mirror.
b) What happens to the focal length of a concave mirror when it is immersed in a liquid?
51. a) Derive the expression for effective focal length for the combination of two thin lenses in
contact.
(b) Give the expressions for effective power and linear magnification.
52. A microscope is a device used to obtain magnified imaged of small objects.
a) Draw a labelled ray diagram of a simple microscope forming an image at the near point of
the eye.
b) Obtain an expression for the magnifications produced by a simple microscope.

53. Make a comparison between a refracting telescope and a reflecting telescope.

54. When light rays enter from one medium to another, refraction takes place. Consider
refraction of light at a spherical surface separating two media of refractive indices n 1 and n2
(n1 < n2 ).
Derive an equation showing the relation between u, v and f. Where, u, v and f have their
usual meaning. Draw the necessary diagram.
55. a) What are the condition for total internal reflection to take place. How is it different from
ordinary reflection of light?
b) Explain mirage and brilliance of diamond.
c) Give two applications of Total Internal Reflection.

WAVE OPTICS

56. Interference of light from two sources can be observed if

(a) the sources are independent.
(b) the sources are of different frequencies and random phases.
(c) the sources are of different frequency.
(d) the sources are coherent.

57. Unpolarised light is incident on a plane glass surface. What should be the angle of incidence
so that the reflected and refracted rays are perpendicular to each other? (Given n=1.5)
58. In Young's double slit experiment, if monochromatic light is replaced by white light, what
will happen to interference pattern?
59. (a) What do you meant by Polarising angle?
(b) Show that at polarising angle the reflected ray and refracted ray are perpendicular to
each other.
60. (a). Light waves from two coherent sources having intensities I and 2I cross each other at a
point with a phase difference of 60 0. What is the resultant intensity at the point?
(b) With the help of a diagram obtain an expression for finding the distance between two
consecutive bright or dark fringes in the interference pattern produced by double slits

61. A long narrow slit is illuminated a by blue light and the diffraction pattern is obtained on
white screen.
(a) How the width of bands changes as the distance from the centre increases?

(b)What happens to the width of pattern, if yellow light is used instead of blue light?

(c)In a double slit experiment, the slits are separated by 0.03 cm and the screen is placed
1.5 m away. The distance between the central fringe and the fourth bright fringe is 1 cm.
Determine the wavelength of light used in the experiment.

(d) What do you mean by limit of resolution of an optical instrument?

DUAL NATURE OF RADIATION AND MATTER

62. Write down Einstein’s photoelectric equation
63. Complete the following statement about photoelectric effect
The radiations having minimum frequency called ……… falls on a metallic surface, electrons
are emitted from it. The metal which emits photoelectrons are called ……… The kinetic
energy of photoelectrons emitted by a metal depends on ……… of the radiations, while the
intensity of the incident radiations depends on ………
64. The minimum energy for the emission of an electron from metallic surface is given below
Na: 2.75 eV K: 2.3 eV Mo: 4.17 eV Ni: 5.15eV
Select the metal which is more photosensitive? Why?
65. According to wave nature of matter, there is a wave associated with every material body. a)
Mention any two differences between light wave and matter wave.
b) What is the wavelength of electron when it is accelerated by a voltage of 54 V?
66. Name the experiment which proves the wave nature of electrons. Illustrate the experiment
with suitable diagram
67. (a) What is de Broglie hypothesis?
(b) Write the formula for de Broglie wavelength.
(c) Calculate the de Broglie wavelength associated by an electron accelerated through a
potential difference of 100 volts. (Given mass of the electron =9.1 x 10 -31 kg, h= 6.634 × 10
-34 Js, 1eV =1.6 × 10 -19 J)

ATOMS
68. Write the expression for Bohr’s radius in a hydrogen atom.
69. The stationary orbits in hydrogen atom are equally spaced. Comment
70. The radius of innermost electron orbit of a hydrogen atom is 5.3 × 10-11 m. What is the
radius of orbit in the second excited state?
71. Find the ratio of energies of photons produced due to transition of an electron of hydrogen
atom from its
(i) second permitted energy level to the first level, and
(ii) (ii) the highest permitted energy level to the first permitted level.
72. Draw energy levels for the hydrogen ato
73. Write down the expression for the radii of orbits of hydrogen atom. b) Calculate the radius
of smallest orbit
74. (i) In hydrogen atom, an electron undergoes transition from third excited state to the
second excited state and then to the first excited state. Identify the spectral series to which
these transitions belong. (ii) Find out the ratio of the wavelengths of the emitted radiations
in the two cases.

NUCLEI
75. When a β-particle is emitted from a nucleus then its neutron-proton ratio
(a) increases (b) decreases (c) remains unchanged. (d) may increase or decrease depending
upon the nucleus
76. Consider α and β particles and γ-rays each having an energy of 0.5 MeV. In the increasing
order of penetrating power, the radiation are respectively
77. Draw the curve showing the binding energy/nucleon with a mass number of different
nuclei. Briefly state, how nuclear fusion and nuclear fission can be explained on the basis of
this graph
78. Define decay constant for a radioactive sample. Which of the following radiations α, β, and
γ rays (i) are similar to X-rays, (ii) are easily absorbed by matter, and (iii) are similar in nature
to cathode rays
79. State the law of radioactive decay. Plot a graph showing the number of undecayed nuclei as
a function of time (t) for a given radioactive sample having a half-life T1/2.
Depict In the plot the number of undecayed nuclei at (i) t = 3T1/2 and (ii) t = 5 T1/2
80. In a given sample two isotopes A and B are initially present in the ratio of 1:2. Their half-
lives are 60 years and 30 years respectively. How long will it take so that the sample has
these isotopes in the ratio of 2:1.
81. The activity of a radioactive element drops to one-sixteenth of its initial value in 32 years.
Find the mean life of the sample.
82. We are given the following atomic masses: 92U238 = 238.05079 u, 2He4 = 4.00260 u, 90Th234 =
234.04363 u 1H1 = 1.00783 u, 91 Pa 237 =237.05121 u Here the symbol Pa is for the element
protactinium (Z = 91).
(a) Calculate the energy released during the alpha decay of 92238U.
(b) Show that cannot spontaneously emit a proton.

SEMICONDUCTORS
83. Q: In an n-type silicon, which of the following statement is true:
(a) Electrons are majority carriers and trivalent atoms are the dopants.
(b) Electrons are minority carriers and pentavalent atoms are the dopants.
(c) Holes are minority carriers and pentavalent atoms are the dopants.
(d) Holes are majority carriers and trivalent atoms are the dopants.

84. What do you mean by depletion region and potential barrier in junction diode?
85. The figure shows the V-I characteristic of a semiconductor device. Identify this device.
Explain briefly, using the necessary circuit diagram, how this device is used as a voltage
regulator.
86. Explain, with the help of a circuit diagram, the working of a p-n junction diode as a half-
wave rectifier.
87. Doping of silicon with indium leads to which type of semiconductor?
88. What is the value of conductivity of a semiconductor at absolute zero?
89. What do you mean by depletion region and potential barrier in junction diode?
90. Explain how a depletion region is formed in a junction diode.