Tuples in Python Class 11 Notes
Tuples: introduction, indexing, tuple operations (concatenation, repetition, membership and slicing);
built-in functions/methods – len(), tuple(), count(), index(), sorted(), min(), max(), sum(); tuple
assignment, nested tuple; suggested programs: finding the minimum, maximum, mean of values stored
in a tuple; linear search on a tuple of numbers, counting the frequency of elements in a tuple.
Introduction to Tuples
A Python tuple is a collection of different data types, such as integers,
floats, strings or lists.
A tuple is an immutable collection of elements.
A tuple is a sequence of elements enclosed within parentheses ().
Accessing Element in a Tuple:
Individual items in a tuple can be accessed using indexes.
An index is a unique number given to each item in a tuple.
Indexing always starts from 0
Indexes are written within square brackets [ ] after the tuple name.
Example
Example Code Explanation Output
1 tuple1 = Index 0 gives the first 2
(2,4,6,8,10,12) element.
print(tuple1[0])
2 tuple1 = Index 3 refers to the 8
(2,4,6,8,10,12) fourth element.
print(tuple1[3])
3 tuple1 = Index 15 does not exist IndexError: tuple
(2,4,6,8,10,12) (valid indexes are 0–5). index out of range
print(tuple1[15])
4 tuple1 = 1 + 4 = 5, so it accesses 12
(2,4,6,8,10,12) index 5.
print(tuple1[1+4])
5 tuple1 = -1 refers to the last 12
(2,4,6,8,10,12) element of the tuple.
print(tuple1[-1])
Tuple is Immutable
Tuple is an immutable data type.
It means that the elements of a tuple cannot be changed after it has
been created.
An attempt to do this would lead to an error.
Tuple Operations
Concatenation
Repetition
Membership
Slicing
1. Concatenation (+)
Python allows us to join tuples using the + operator.
The result is a new tuple containing elements of both tuples.
Example:
tuple1 = (1, 3, 5, 7, 9)
tuple2 = (2, 4, 6, 8, 10)
print(tuple1 + tuple2)
Output:
(1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10)
2. Repetition (*)
The * operator is used to repeat the elements of a tuple
multiple time.
Example:
tuple1 = ('Hello', 'World')
print(tuple1 * 3)
Output:
('Hello', 'World', 'Hello', 'World', 'Hello', 'World')
3. Membership (in, not in)
in checks if an element is present in a tuple and returns True if
found, otherwise False.
not in checks if an element is not present in the tuple.
Example 1:
tuple1 = ('Red', 'Green', 'Blue')
print('Green' in tuple1)
Output:
True
Example 2:
tuple1 = ('Red', 'Green', 'Blue')
print('Green' not in tuple1)
Output:
False
4. Slicing
Like strings and lists, slicing can be applied to tuples to extract a
subset of elements.
Syntax: tuple[start:end] (end index not included)
Example:
tuple1 = (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80)
print(tuple1[2:7])
Output:
(30, 40, 50, 60, 70)
Traversing a Tuple:
Traversing a tuple means accessing each element of the tuple one by
one.
We can use for loops or while loops to traverse a tuple.
1. Using a for loop
Example:
tuple1 = (10, 20, 30, 40, 50)
for item in tuple1:
print(item)
Output:
10
20
30
40
50
Explanation:
The for loop automatically goes through each element in the tuple
one by one.
2. Using a while loop
Example:
tuple1 = (10, 20, 30, 40, 50)
i=0
while i < len(tuple1):
print(tuple1[i])
i += 1
Output:
10 40
20 50
30
Tuple Methods and Built-in Functions
Python provides several built-in functions to work with tuples.
1. len()
Returns the length or number of elements in a tuple.
Example:
tuple1 = (10, 20, 30, 40, 50)
print(len(tuple1))
Output:
5
2. tuple()
Creates a tuple from a sequence or an empty tuple if no
argument is passed.
Example 1 – Empty tuple
tuple1 = tuple()
print(tuple1)
Output:
()
Example 2 – From a string
tuple1 = tuple('aeiou')
print(tuple1)
Output:
('a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u')
3. count()
Returns the number of times a specified element appears in
the tuple.
Example:
tuple1 = (10, 20, 30, 10, 40, 10, 50)
print([Link](10))
Output:
3
4. index()
Returns the index of the first occurrence of an element in the
tuple.
Example:
tuple1 = (10, 20, 30, 10, 40, 10, 50)
print([Link](30))
Output:
2
5. sorted()
Returns a new sorted list of the tuple elements.
Note: Does not change the original tuple.
Example:
tuple1 = ("Rama", "Heena", "Raj", "Mohsin", "Aditya")
print(sorted(tuple1))
Output:
['Aditya', 'Heena', 'Mohsin', 'Raj', 'Rama']
6. min()
Returns the smallest element in the tuple.
Example:
tuple1 = (19, 12, 56, 18, 9, 87, 34)
print(min(tuple1))
Output:9
7. max()
Returns the largest element in the tuple.
Example:
tuple1 = (19, 12, 56, 18, 9, 87, 34)
print(max(tuple1))
Output:87
8. sum()
Returns the sum of all elements in the tuple.
Example:
tuple1 = (19, 12, 56, 18, 9, 87, 34)
print(sum(tuple1))
Output:
235
Tuple Assignment
Python allows assigning values from a tuple to variables directly.
The number of variables on the left-hand side must match the
number of elements in the tuple on the right-hand side.
Example 1
(num1, num2) = (10, 20)
print(num1)
print(num2)
Output:
10
20
Example 2
record = ("Pooja", 40, "CS")
(name, rollNo, subject) = record
print(name)
print(rollNo)
print(subject)
Output:
Pooja
40 CS
Explanation:
name gets "Pooja", rollNo gets 40, and subject gets "CS"
automatically.
Nested Tuples
A nested tuple is a tuple that contains another tuple inside it.
Useful for storing structured information, like student records
with multiple attributes.
Example
Output:
S_No Roll_No Name Marks
1 101 Aman 98
2 102 Geet 95
3 103 Sahil 87
4 104 Pawan 79
Explanation:
Each element of st is a tuple representing a student.
st[i][0] → Roll No, st[i][1] → Name, st[i][2] → Marks.
This allows easy access to individual attributes of each student.
Program:
1. Finding Minimum, Maximum, and Mean of Tuple Values
Program
numbers = (10, 25, 7, 30, 15)
print(min(numbers))
print(max(numbers))
mean = sum(numbers) / len(numbers)
print(mean)
Output:
7
30
17.4
2. Linear Search in a Tuple
Linear search checks each element one by one to find a target
value.
Program:
numbers = (10, 25, 7, 30, 15)
target = 30
found = False
for i in range(len(numbers)):
if numbers[i] == target:
found = True
print("Element found at index:", i)
break
if not found:
print("Element not found")
Output:
Element found at index: 3
3. Counting Frequency of Elements in a Tuple
Program:
numbers = (10, 25, 7, 10, 15, 25, 10)
freq = [Link](10)
print("Frequency of 10 is:", freq)
Output:
Frequency of 10 is: 3