Semester 1 - BCA – C Programming Theory
QUESTION BANK (With Bloom’s Taxonomy)
UNIT – I : Introduction to Programming and Basics of C
● Topics Covered: ● structure of C program,
● Problem solving, ● development life cycle,
● algorithms, ● functions,
● flowcharts, ● tokens,
● history of C, ● character set,
● features, ● keywords,
● limitations, ● identifiers
A. 4-MARK QUESTIONS (8 Questions)
(Short Explanatory – Remember / Understand / Apply)
[Link] Question BT Level
1 Define an algorithm. What are the characteristics of a good algorithm? Remember (L1)
2 Explain the steps involved in problem solving using computers. Understand (L2)
3 Draw a simple flowchart to find the largest of two numbers. Apply (L3)
4 List any four features of C language. Remember (L1)
5 What are C tokens? Give examples. Understand (L2)
6 Distinguish between keywords and identifiers with examples. Understand (L2)
7 Write the basic structure of a C program. Remember (L1)
8 What are the advantages and limitations of flowcharts? Understand (L2)
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B. 5-MARK QUESTIONS (8 Questions)
(Short Descriptive – Understand / Apply / Analyze)
[Link] Question BT Level
1 Explain algorithm with an example. Write an algorithm to calculate the Apply (L3)
area of a circle.
2 Compare algorithm and flowchart. Give suitable examples. Analyze (L4)
3 Describe the history of the C programming language. Understand (L2)
4 Explain the limitations of C language with examples. Analyze (L4)
5 Describe the different phases of the C program development life cycle. Understand (L2)
6 Explain the different types of C tokens with examples. Understand (L2)
7 Illustrate the function of each section in the structure of a C program. Apply (L3)
8 Write a flowchart to compute the sum of first N natural numbers. Apply (L3)
C. 10-MARK QUESTIONS (8 Questions)
(Long Descriptive – Apply / Analyze / Evaluate / Create)
[Link] Question BT Level
1 Discuss in detail the problem-solving steps. Write algorithm and flowchart for Apply (L3)
finding the factorial of a number.
2 Explain algorithm and flowchart extensively. Discuss their advantages and Analyze (L4)
limitations.
3 Describe the evolution/history of C language. Explain the features that made C Analyze (L4)
popular as a system programming language.
4 Explain in detail the structure of a C program. Write a sample program and Apply (L3)
explain each part.
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5 Describe C program development life cycle with a neat diagram. Explain each Analyze (L4)
phase.
6 What are functions in C? Explain how functions act as building blocks with Apply (L3)
suitable examples.
7 Explain C tokens, their types, and usage, with suitable examples. Analyze (L4)
8 Write detailed notes on keywords, identifiers, and character set in C. Give valid Evaluate (L5)
and invalid examples.
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UNIT – II : CONTROL STATEMENTS IN C)
● Topics Covered: ● decision-making statements,
● Variables, ● loops,
● constants, ● nested structures,
● data types, ● break/continue,
● operators, ● goto,
● expressions, ● preprocessor directives,
● Precedence, ● macros,
● I/O functions, ● file inclusion.
A. 4-MARK QUESTIONS (8 Questions)
(Short, direct, conceptual — Remember / Understand / Apply)
[Link] Question BT Level
1 Define variables and constants with two examples each. Remember (L1)
2 What are data types in C? List built-in data types. Remember (L1)
3 List any four types of operators in C. Remember (L1)
4 What is operator precedence? Give an example. Understand (L2)
5 Write the syntax of if and switch statements. Remember (L1)
6 Differentiate between while and do-while loops. Understand (L2)
7 What is the role of the break and continue statements? Understand (L2)
8 What are macros? Give two examples. Remember (L1)
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B. 5-MARK QUESTIONS (8 Questions)
(Descriptive, explanation-based — Understand / Apply / Analyze)
[Link] Question BT Level
1 Explain different types of constants in C with examples. Understand (L2)
2 What are user-defined data types? Explain enumeration with an example. Understand (L2)
3 Describe character input and output functions: getchar(), putchar(). Understand (L2)
4 Explain formatted I/O functions (scanf, printf) with examples. Apply (L3)
5 Explain the use of relational and logical operators with examples. Analyze (L4)
6 Explain the working of the switch statement with a suitable example. Apply (L3)
7 Describe the for loop in detail with syntax and example. Understand (L2)
8 Explain macro substitution with examples. What is an argumented macro? Analyze (L4)
C. 10-MARK QUESTIONS (8 Questions)
(Long, analytical — Apply / Analyze / Evaluate / Create)
[Link] Question BT Level
1 Discuss variables, constants, data types, and expressions in detail with suitable Analyze (L4)
examples.
2 Explain operator types, precedence, and associativity. Show how an Analyze (L4)
expression is evaluated step by step.
3 Write and explain a C program using nested if–else statements to find the Apply (L3)
grade of a student based on marks.
4 Explain all looping structures (while, do-while, for) with flowcharts and Analyze (L4)
examples.
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5 Discuss the use of break, continue, and goto with examples. Evaluate (L5)
6 Write a menu-driven program using switch and loops (example: calculator / Apply (L3)
menu system). Explain the logic.
7 Explain the role of the preprocessor. Discuss #include, macro substitution, Analyze (L4)
argumented macros, and nested macros.
8 Compare macros and functions. Explain advantages and disadvantages of Evaluate (L5)
macros with examples.
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UNIT – III : FUNCTIONS AND ARRAY IN C
UNIT CONTENTS: ✔ Scope of variables & storage classes
✔ Concept of arrays
✔ Concept of function
✔ Types of arrays: 1D, 2D, Multi-
✔ Advantages of modular design
dimensional
✔ Standard library functions
✔ Array operations: declaration,
✔ User-defined functions: declaration, initialization, accessing
definition, function call, parameter passing
✔ Memory representation (row major &
(value/reference), return
column major)
✔ Recursive functions
✔ Passing arrays to functions
A. 4-MARK QUESTIONS (8 Questions)
(Short, direct – Remember / Understand / Apply)
[Link] Question BT Level
1 Define a function. What are the advantages of using functions in C? Remember (L1)
2 What is modular programming? Mention any two advantages. Understand (L2)
3 What is a function prototype? Give one example. Remember (L1)
4 Differentiate between call by value and call by reference. Understand (L2)
5 Define recursion. Give a simple example. Remember (L1)
6 What are storage classes? Name any two. Remember (L1)
7 Define an array. Write the syntax for declaring a 1D array. Remember (L1)
8 What is row-major and column-major memory representation? Understand (L2)
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B. 5-MARK QUESTIONS (8 Questions)
(Descriptive – Understand / Apply / Analyze)
[Link] Question BT Level
1 Explain the different ways of parameter passing in C with examples. Understand (L2)
2 Write a note on standard library functions with suitable examples. Understand (L2)
3 Explain the structure of a user-defined function with syntax and example. Apply (L3)
4 Explain recursion. Write a recursive function to find factorial of a Apply (L3)
number.
5 Describe the different storage classes in C with examples. Analyze (L4)
6 Explain the declaration, initialization, and accessing of 1D arrays. Understand (L2)
7 Write a note on 2D arrays with syntax and example. Apply (L3)
8 Explain how arrays are passed to functions. Give suitable example. Analyze (L4)
C. 10-MARK QUESTIONS (8 Questions)
(Detailed analytical – Apply / Analyze / Evaluate / Create)
[Link] Question BT Level
1 Explain in detail the concept of function, its advantages, types, and Analyze (L4)
components with examples.
2 Explain user-defined functions in detail (declaration, definition, calling, Analyze (L4)
parameters, return). Write examples.
3 What is recursion? Explain the working of recursion with multiple examples Apply (L3)
(factorial, Fibonacci).
4 Discuss scope rules and storage classes (auto, static, extern, register) with Evaluate (L5)
examples.
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5 Describe arrays in C. Explain 1D, 2D, and multidimensional arrays with Analyze (L4)
examples.
6 Explain the memory layout of two-dimensional arrays using row-major and Analyze (L4)
column-major order. Give numerical illustration.
7 Explain array operations (declaration, initialization, traversal, update). Write a Apply (L3)
program to find maximum element of an array.
8 Discuss passing arrays to functions in detail. Write programs for both 1D and Analyze (L4)
2D array passing.
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UNIT – IV : POINTERS AND STRUCTURES
UNIT CONTENTS: passing/returning pointers, function pointer
✔ Dynamic memory management –
✔ Introduction to pointers malloc, calloc, realloc, free, memory leak
✔ Pointer declaration, definition, ✔ Structures – definition, initialization,
initialization typedef
✔ Dereferencing & pointer arithmetic ✔ Accessing members, nested structures
✔ Arrays and pointers ✔ Array of structures
✔ Pointer to array, array of pointers, ✔ Structures with functions – pass by
pointer to pointer value, pass by address
✔ Types of pointers ✔ Pointer to structure
✔ Pointers with functions –
A. 4-MARK QUESTIONS (8 Questions)
(Short, direct – Remember / Understand / Apply)
[Link] Question BT Level
1 Define a pointer. How is a pointer initialized in C? Remember (L1)
2 What is pointer dereferencing? Give an example. Understand (L2)
3 What is pointer arithmetic? List valid pointer operations. Understand (L2)
4 Differentiate between pointer to array and array of pointers. Understand (L2)
5 What is malloc()? Give its syntax. Remember (L1)
6 Define structure. How do you access structure members? Remember (L1)
7 Write the syntax for declaring an array of structures. Remember (L1)
8 What is a function pointer? Mention its syntax. Understand (L2)
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B. 5-MARK QUESTIONS (8 Questions)
(Descriptive – Understand / Apply / Analyze)
[Link] Question BT Level
1 Explain pointer declaration, initialization, and dereferencing with Understand (L2)
examples.
2 Describe multiple indirection (pointer to pointer) with example. Apply (L3)
3 Explain the relationship between arrays and pointers with examples. Analyze (L4)
4 Explain dynamic memory allocation functions: malloc(), calloc(), and Understand (L2)
realloc().
5 What are memory leaks and dangling pointers? Explain with examples. Analyze (L4)
6 Explain structure definition and initialization with examples. Apply (L3)
7 Explain how structures can be passed to functions (value vs address). Analyze (L4)
8 Explain the use of typedef in structure declaration. Give an example. Apply (L3)
C. 10-MARK QUESTIONS (8 Questions)
(Detailed analytical – Apply / Analyze / Evaluate / Create)
[Link] Question BT Level
1 Explain pointer arithmetic in detail. Show valid operations with diagrams. Analyze (L4)
2 Describe pointer to array, array of pointers, and pointer to pointer with Analyze (L4)
suitable examples.
3 Discuss in detail how pointers are used with functions. Explain passing a Evaluate (L5)
pointer to a function, returning a pointer, and function pointers.
4 Explain dynamic memory allocation with examples. Apply (L3)
Write programs using malloc, calloc, realloc, and free.
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5 Explain different types of pointers in C (null pointer, void pointer, wild Analyze (L4)
pointer, dangling pointer, function pointer).
6 Describe structures in C. Explain nested structures, array of structures, and Analyze (L4)
pointer to structure with examples.
7 Explain structure and function interactions. Write programs for: passing Apply (L3)
members individually, passing structure by value, and passing by address.
8 Compare pointers and structures as data handling mechanisms. Discuss Evaluate (L5)
their combined use with examples.
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UNIT – V : STRING AND FILE HANDLING
UNIT CONTENTS:
✔ String literals, string variables ✔ Streams
✔ Declaration, definition, initialization ✔ Types of files
✔ Predefined string functions ✔ Text file operations
✔ Array of strings ✔ Standard I/O library functions
✔ Strings & pointers ✔ Random file access functions
✔ Command-line arguments
A. 4-MARK QUESTIONS (8 Questions)
(Short, direct – Remember / Understand / Apply)
[Link] Question BT Level
1 Define string literal. Give any two examples. Remember (L1)
2 How do you declare and initialize a string in C? Understand (L2)
3 What is an array of strings? Give one example. Remember (L1)
4 List any four predefined string functions in C. Remember (L1)
5 What are command line arguments? Understand (L2)
Write syntax of main() with parameters.
6 Define a stream. How is it related to files? Understand (L2)
7 What is the difference between text file and binary file? Understand (L2)
8 Write the syntax of fopen() and fclose(). Remember (L1)
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B. 5-MARK QUESTIONS (8 Questions)
(Descriptive – Understand / Apply / Analyze)
[Link] Question BT Level
1 Explain string declaration, definition, and initialization with examples. Understand (L2)
2 Explain any five predefined string functions with examples. Apply (L3)
3 Explain strings and pointers. Analyze (L4)
Write an example illustrating pointer-to-string usage.
4 Describe arrays of strings with memory representation. Understand (L2)
5 Explain the concept of streams in C. Understand (L2)
6 Explain standard I/O functions such as fgetc(), fputc(), fgets(), fputs(). Apply (L3)
7 Explain the different file opening modes used with fopen(). Understand (L2)
8 Write a note on random access to files using fseek(), ftell(), rewind(). Analyze (L4)
C. 10-MARK QUESTIONS (8 Questions)
(Elaborate – Apply / Analyze / Evaluate / Create)
[Link] Question BT Level
1 Explain the various predefined string functions (strlen, strcpy, strcat, strcmp, Analyze (L4)
strrev, etc.) with examples.
2 Discuss arrays of strings and strings with pointers in detail. Analyze (L4)
Show memory diagrams.
3 Explain command line arguments with a program to display all arguments Apply (L3)
passed to main().
4 Describe streams and file handling in C. Explain types of files with examples. Analyze (L4)
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5 Explain all basic text file operations (fopen, fclose, fread, fwrite, fprintf, Apply (L3)
fscanf) with programs.
6 Write a detailed note on random file access. Analyze (L4)
Explain fseek, ftell, and rewind with example programs.
7 Compare text file I/O with formatted I/O. Evaluate (L5)
Write a program to copy content from one file to another.
8 Discuss the role of standard library I/O functions in file management. Create (L6)
Write a program to count characters, words, and lines in a file.
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