Stoichiometry Problems for Chemistry 10th Grade
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ScribdTranslationsStoichiometry Problems for Chemistry 10th Grade
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PROBLEMS OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL STOICHIOMETRY 10ºM. Jiménez
Víctor J. Department 1 31/10/2018 1 of 4
Stoichiometry
LEVEL 1
1. Balance the following chemical reactions:
H2+ O2 H2O
N2+ H2 NH3
H2O + Na Na(OH) + H2
Potassium chloride3 KCl + O2
BaO2+ HCl BaCl2+ H2O2
H2SO4NaCl Na2SO4+ HCl
FeS2 Fe3S4+ S2
H2SO4+ C H2O + SO2+ CO2
SO2+ O2 SO3
NaCl Na + Cl2
HCl + MnO2 MnCl2+ H2O + Cl2
K2CO3+ C CO + K
Ag2SO4Sodium Chloride Na2SO4AgCl
NaNO3+ KCl NaCl + KNO3
Fe2O3+ CO CO2+ Fe
2.¿Cuántos átomos de O hay en 1g de agua? ¿Y cuántos átomos totales?
3. How much does 1 molecule of gaseous chlorine weigh?
4. How many chloride ions are there in 20 mL of a sodium chloride solution of 1.5 g/L?
[Link] the percentage of carbon present in cadaverine, C5H14N2a compound present in
the decaying meat. 58.82% C
[Link] the percentage of carbon present in (CH2CO)2C6H3(COOH).64.71% C
[Link] la concentración de cada ion o molécula presente en una solución de NaOH 0.14M
8. Indicate the concentration of each ion or molecule present in a CaBr solution.20.25M..
0.14 M Na+ 0.14 M OH-0.25 M Ba2+0.50 M OH-
9. Indicate the concentration of the ions present in a Ca(HCO solution.3)20.20M.0.20 M
What2+0.40 M HCO3-
10. If it is determined that there are 5.20 g of a salt in 2.500 L of a 0.500M solution, how many grams
Would be present in 2.50 mL of a 1.50M solution? 0.156 g.
11. If it is determined that there are 5.20 grams of a salt in 2.500 liters of a 0.500 M solution,
How many grams would be present in 2.50 ml of a 1.50 M solution?
12. How many milliliters of Ca(OH) solution?20.1000M are needed to supply 0.05000
moles of Ca(OH)2500 mL.
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13. If 200 mL of a 2.50 M NaOH solution is diluted to 500 mL, what is the new concentration?
concentration of NaOH? 1.0 M.
14. What mass of ethanol, C2H5OH, what is needed to prepare 300 mL of a 0.500M solution?
g.
LEVEL 2
15. What volume of 0.115M HClO solution?450.00 mL of NaOH is needed to neutralize.
0.0875M?38.04 mL
16. How much volume of 0.128M HCl is needed to neutralize 2.87 g of Mg(OH)?2770 mL
17. What volume of H2SO40.125M is needed to neutralize 25.21 mL of NaOH 0.540M?
54.45 mL.
18. What volume of H2SO40.125M is needed to neutralize 2.50 g of Ca(OH)2270.3 mL.
19. What volume of H2SO40.125M is needed to precipitate all the barium from 10.00 mL of a
0.150M barium nitrate solution? 12 mL.
20. A certain volume of a 0.50M solution contains 4.5 g of a certain salt. What mass of the salt is?
present in the same volume of a 2.50M solution? 22.5 g
21. How many milliliters of 1.50 M KOH solution are needed to supply 0.125 mol of
KOH? 83.3 mL
22. A little sulfuric acid is spilled on a laboratory table. The acid can be
neutralize by sprinkling sodium bicarbonate over it and then collecting with a cloth
the resulting solution. Sodium bicarbonate reacts with sulfuric acid in the following way
next
2Sodium bicarbonate3(s) + H2SO4 Na2SO4(ac) + 2CO2(g) + 2 H2O (l)
Sodium bicarbonate is added until the bubbling stops due to the formation of CO.2
(g). If 35 mL of H was spilled2SO46.0M, what is the minimum mass of NaHCO?3what is necessary
add to neutralize the spilled acid? 35.28 g.
A solution is prepared by mixing 30.0 mL of HCl 8.00M, 100 mL of HCl 2.00M, and water.
sufficient to complete 200.0 mL of solution. What is the molarity of HCl in the final solution?
1.0 M.
24. The following equation represents the pyrolysis of dicyclopentadiene to yield cyclopentadiene. The
the density of dicyclopentadiene and cyclopentadiene is 9.82 g/mL and 0.802 g/mL,
respectively. How many mL of cyclopentadiene can be obtained from 20.0 mL of
dicyclopentadiene, C10H12(l) 2 C5H6(l)?244.89 mL
25. Aluminum and oxygen react according to the following equation:
4Al(s) + 3O2(g) 2Al2O3(s)
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In a certain experiment, 4.6 g of Al was reacted with an excess of oxygen and obtained
6.8 g of product. What was the percentage yield of the reaction?
26. Pure acetic acid, known as glacial acetic acid, is a liquid with a density of
1.049 g/mL at 25°C. Calculate the molarity of an acetic acid solution prepared by dissolving
10.00 mL of acetic acid at 25°C in enough water to make a total of 100.0 mL of solution. 1.75 M
27. When sodium sulfite reacts with nitric acid, among other products, 50 L of ...
sulfur dioxide at 30 ºC and 900 Torr. The goal is to know: a) volume of nitric solution of
density 1.4134 g/mL and 70% richness required for the reaction, b) the grams of sulfite of
98% sodium richness is required. a) 303.5 mL; b) 306.49 g.
28. Commercial sulfuric acid has a density of 1.83 g/mL. 25 mL of this acid is taken.
and they are reacted with 98% pure iron(III) hydroxide. The reaction yields
14.07 L de vapor de agua a 110 ºC y 2 atm. Calcular: a) la riqueza en peso del sulfúrico; b) los
grams of iron(III) hydroxide needed for the process. a) 95.96 %; b) 16.29 g.
29. We have a solution of aluminum nitrate with a density of 1.25 g/mL and 40% richness.
Calculate: a) the volume of this solution needed to prepare 500 mL of a second one that is 2
M; b) the grams of salt that will be obtained by reacting 300 mL of the original nitrate solution
of aluminum with 7 g of hydrochloric acid solution with a density of 1.18 g/mL and 36.5% richness.
a) 0.426 L; b) 94.01 g.
30. A sample of 400 g of impure calcium carbonate reacts with 500 mL of solution.
hydrochloric acid with a density of 1.56 g/mL and 32% richness. Calculate: a) volume of carbon dioxide
carbon obtained measured at 200 ºC and 980 Torr; b) percentage of carbonate in the sample
original.a) 102.85 L; b) 85.5 %.
31. About 500 mL of barium nitrate solution with a density of 1.2 g/mL and 60% richness is
Add 6 M sulfuric acid to precipitate all the barium as sulfate. Calculate: a) molarity of the
disolución de nitrato de bario; b) volumen de sulfúrico utilizado; c) peso de sal obtenido.a) 11.43
M; b) 0.952 L; c) 1333.31 g.
32. A laboratory method for preparing O2It consists of the decomposition of KClO32
KClO3(s) decomposes into 2 KCl (s) + 3 O2(g) How many moles of O2(g) occur when it is produced
32.8 g of KClO decompose3(s)? How many grams of KClO3(s) must be decomposed for
obtain 50.0 g of O2(g)?0.40 mol O2127.6 g KClO3
33. The fermentation of glucose, C6H12O6produce ethanol, C2H5OH, and carbon dioxide:
C6H12O6(ac) 2C2H5OH(ac) + 2CO2(g)
How many grams of ethanol can be produced from 10.0 g of glucose? 5.11 g
34. The airbags for the car inflate when sodium azide decomposes rapidly,
NaN3in the elements that compose it according to the reaction:
2NaN3 2Na + 3N2
How many grams of sodium azide are needed to form 5.00 g of nitrogen gas? 7.74 g
LEVEL 3
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35. What is the mass of the precipitate formed when 12.0 mL of 0.150 M NaCl is added?
25.00 mL of a AgNO solution30.0500M?0.178 g.
36. The gaseous oxygen released upon calcinating 0.980 g of potassium chlorate reacts with
224.15 mL of hydrogen, measured at 27 ºC and 1 atm. Calculate: a) the number of water molecules
obtained, b) if the amount of water obtained is added to sulfur trioxide, what amount of
What will be obtained from a sulfuric acid solution with a density of 1.453 g/mL and 54% purity? a) 5.49·1021
molecules; b) 1.14 mL.
We react 13 g of potassium sulfite with 10 mL of hydrochloric acid with a density of 1.38.
g/mL and 36% richness. Calculate: a) volume of sulfur dioxide obtained at 1400 Torr and 120 ºC;
b) gramos de sal que se forman; c) moles de átomos de cloro contenidos en dicha sal.a) 1.19 L; b)
10.15 g; c) 0.136 moles.
A sample of 145 g of impure ammonium nitrate reacts with calcium hydroxide.
with 95% purity, obtaining 25 L of ammonia at 27 ºC and 1200 Torr. Calculate: a) the richness in
weight of the original sample; b) the amount of calcium hydroxide needed for the reaction.a)
88.53 %; b) 62.32 g.
39. We react 100 mL of a sulfuric acid solution with a density of 1.65 g/mL and 73%
richness with 70 g of sodium hydroxide at 95%. Determine: a) molarity of the solution of
ácido; b) cantidad de reactivo en exceso; c) los gramos de sal obtenidos; d) el volumen de agua
desprendido a 110 ºC y 950 Torr.a) 12.29 M; b) 39.2 g de sulfúrico; c) 118.03 g; d) 41.71 L.
40. Phosphorus trichloride, PCl3it is an important compound from a commercial point of view and it is
used in the manufacture of pesticides, gasoline additives, and other products. It is obtained from the
direct combination of phosphorus and chlorine P4(s) + 6 Cl2(g), forming 4 PCl3(l). What mass of PCl3
(l) is formed in the reaction of 125 g of P4with 323 g of Cl2417.02 g
41. Silicon carbide, SiC, is commonly known by the name carborundum. This hard substance,
which is commercially used as an abrasive, is prepared by heating SiO2and C at temperatures
elevated
SiO2(s) + 3C(s) SiC(s) + 2CO(g)
How many grams of SiC can be formed when 3.00 g of SiO is allowed to react?24.50
g of C?2 g SiC
42. What mass of silver chloride can be prepared from the reaction of 4.22 g of nitrate of
silver with 7.73 g of aluminum chloride? 6.98 g AgCl
Silver nitrate3AlCl3 Al(NO3)3+ AgCl
43. In the reaction Fe(CO)5+ 2PF3+ H2 Fe(CO)2(PF3)2(H)2+ 3CO, how many moles of CO are there?
produced from a mixture of 5.0 mol of Fe(CO)58.0 mol PF3and 6.0 mol H2?6 mol CO
Common questions
Powered by AIThe balanced reaction for precipitation is AgNO3 + AlCl3 → AgCl + Al(NO3)3. Calculate moles: AgNO3 (4.22 g / 169.87 g/mol ≈ 0.02485 moles), AlCl3 (7.73 g / 133.34 g/mol ≈ 0.0580 moles). AgNO3 is the limiting reactant. Thus, 0.02485 moles of AgNO3 will yield 0.02485 moles of AgCl. Convert moles of AgCl to grams: 0.02485 moles x 143.32 g/mol = 3.56 g of AgCl .
To calculate the number of oxygen atoms in 1 gram of water, first find the number of moles of water in 1 gram. Using the molar mass of water (18 g/mol), 1 gram of water corresponds to 1/18 moles. Since each water molecule contains one oxygen atom, the number of moles of water is equal to the number of moles of oxygen atoms. Multiply the number of moles by Avogadro's number (6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol) to get the number of oxygen atoms: (1/18) * 6.022 x 10^23 ≈ 3.35 x 10^22 oxygen atoms. The total number of atoms in 1 gram of water includes hydrogen atoms as well. Each molecule of water comprises 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom, hence 1 gram of water contains (1/18) * 3 * 6.022 x 10^23 ≈ 1.01 x 10^23 total atoms .
Calculate the total moles of HCl by summing the moles from each solution: (30.0 mL * 8.00 M = 240 mmol) + (100 mL * 2.00 M = 200 mmol) for a total of 440 mmol. The final volume is 200 mL, so the molarity is 440 mmol / 200 mL = 2.20 M .
To calculate molarity, first determine the moles of acetic acid. Given the density of pure acetic acid (1.049 g/mL) and its volume (10.00 mL), the mass of acetic acid is 10.49 g. With the molar mass of acetic acid (60.05 g/mol), the moles of acetic acid is 10.49 g / 60.05 g/mol ≈ 0.1747 mol. Molarity (M) is moles of solute per liter of solution, so M = 0.1747 mol / 0.100 L = 1.75 M .
To find the new concentration after dilution, use the formula C1V1 = C2V2, where C1 and V1 are the initial concentration and volume, and C2 and V2 are the final concentration and volume, respectively. Thus, (2.50 M)(200 mL) = (C2)(500 mL). Solving for C2 gives C2 = (2.50 M)(200 mL) / 500 mL = 1.0 M. Therefore, the new concentration is 1.0 M .
The balanced reaction is SiO2 + 3 C → SiC + 2 CO. Calculate the moles: SiO2 (3.00 g / 60.08 g/mol ≈ 0.050 moles), C (4.50 g / 12.01 g/mol ≈ 0.375 moles). According to the stoichiometry, 1 mole of SiO2 reacts with 3 moles of C, so C is in excess. Using stoichiometry, 0.050 moles of SiO2 produce 0.050 moles of SiC. Convert moles to grams: 0.050 moles x 40.10 g/mol = 2.00 g of SiC .
The percentage yield is calculated using the formula (actual yield/theoretical yield) x 100%. First, find the theoretical yield using stoichiometry: 4 Al + 3 O2 → 2 Al2O3. Calculate the moles of Al: 4.6 g / 26.98 g/mol = 0.1705 moles. According to the stoichiometry, 4 moles of Al produce 2 moles of Al2O3, so 0.1705 moles of Al would produce 0.08525 moles of Al2O3, which is 0.08525 moles x 101.96 g/mol = 8.68 g of Al2O3 as the theoretical yield. Thus, the percentage yield = (6.8 g / 8.68 g) x 100% ≈ 78.34% .
First, write the balanced neutralization reaction: H2SO4 + 2 NaOH → Na2SO4 + 2 H2O. From stoichiometry, 1 mole of H2SO4 reacts with 2 moles of NaOH. Calculate moles of NaOH: 25.21 mL x 0.540 M = 0.013615 mol. Since 1 mole of H2SO4 reacts with 2 moles of NaOH, moles of H2SO4 needed is 0.013615 mol / 2 = 0.0068075 mol. Using molarity (M = mol/L), the volume is 0.0068075 mol / 0.125 M = 0.05446 L or 54.46 mL .
The balanced reaction is 4 P + 6 Cl2 → 4 PCl3. Calculate the moles of each reactant: P (125 g / 30.97 g/mol ≈ 4.04 moles), Cl2 (323 g / 70.90 g/mol ≈ 4.56 moles). The stoichiometric ratio is 4:6 for P:Cl2, so the limiting reactant is P. Using stoichiometry, 4 moles of P form 4 moles of PCl3, thus 4.04 moles of P form 4.04 moles of PCl3. Convert to mass: 4.04 moles x 137.33 g/mol = 555.3 g of PCl3 .
The balanced equation for the reaction between NaHCO3 and H2SO4 is: 2 NaHCO3 + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + 2 CO2 + 2 H2O. Calculate the moles of H2SO4: 35 mL x 6.0 M = 0.21 moles. According to the reaction stoichiometry, 2 moles of NaHCO3 are needed per mole of H2SO4, thus requiring 0.42 moles of NaHCO3. The molar mass of NaHCO3 is 84 g/mol, so 0.42 moles x 84 g/mol = 35.28 g of NaHCO3 is needed .