PYTHON PROGRAMMING FILE

Task 1: Write a program to demonstrate different

number data types in Python.
# Program to demonstrate different number data types in Python

# Integer type

a = 10

print("a =", a, "is of type", type(a))

# Float type

b = 10.5

print("b =", b, "is of type", type(b))

# Complex type

c = 3 + 4j

print("c =", c, "is of type", type(c))

# Boolean type (a subtype of integers)

d = True

print("d =", d, "is of type", type(d))

# Demonstrating operations

print("\nSome operations:")

print("a + b =", a + b)

print("b * 2 =", b * 2)

print("Real part of c:", [Link])

print("Imaginary part of c:", [Link])

print("Boolean as integer:", int(d))

OUTPUT:
a = 10 is of type <class 'int'>

b = 10.5 is of type <class 'float'>

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c = (3+4j) is of type <class 'complex'>

d = True is of type <class 'bool'>

Some operations:

a + b = 20.5

b * 2 = 21.0

Real part of c: 3.0

Imaginary part of c: 4.0

Boolean as integer: 1

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TASK 2: Write a program to perform different Arithmetic

Operations on numbers in Python.
# Program to perform different Arithmetic Operations on numbers in Python

# Taking two numbers

a = 15

b=4

# Performing arithmetic operations

print("a =", a, "b =", b)

print("Addition: a + b =", a + b)

print("Subtraction: a - b =", a - b)

print("Multiplication: a * b =", a * b)

print("Division (float): a / b =", a / b)

print("Floor Division: a // b =", a // b)

print("Modulus (remainder): a % b =", a % b)

print("Exponentiation: a ** b =", a ** b)

OUTPUT:
a = 15 b = 4

Addition: a + b = 19

Subtraction: a - b = 11

Multiplication: a * b = 60

Division (float): a / b = 3.75

Floor Division: a // b = 3

Modulus (remainder): a % b = 3

Exponentiation: a ** b = 50625

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Task 3: Write a program to create, concatenate and

print a string and accessing sub-string from a given
string.
# Program to create, concatenate and print a string

# and access sub-strings from a given string

# Creating strings

str1 = "Hello"

str2 = "World"

# Concatenation of strings

concatenated_str = str1 + " " + str2

print("Concatenated String:", concatenated_str)

# Accessing substrings

print("First character of str1:", str1[0])

print("Last character of str2:", str2[-1])

print("Substring of concatenated string (0 to 4):", concatenated_str[0:5])

print("Substring of concatenated string (6 to end):", concatenated_str[6:])

OUTPUT:
Concatenated String: Hello World

First character of str1: H

Last character of str2: d

Substring of concatenated string (0 to 4): Hello

Substring of concatenated string (6 to end): World

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Task 4: Write a python script to print the current date in

the following format “Sun May 29 02:26:23 IST 2017”
# Program to print the current date and time in the format:

# “Sun May 29 02:26:23 IST 2017”

from datetime import datetime

import time

# Get current local time

current_time = [Link]()

# Format it

formatted_time = current_time.strftime("%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Z %Y")

# If timezone info is missing, manually append IST

if not formatted_time.endswith("IST 2025"): # Fallback for systems without TZ

formatted_time = current_time.strftime("%a %b %d %H:%M:%S") + " IST " +

current_time.strftime("%Y")

print("Current Date and Time:", formatted_time)

OUTPUT:
Current Date and Time: Tue Nov 11 12:48:23 IST 2025

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Task 5: Write a program to create, append, and remove

lists in python.
# Program to create, append, and remove elements in a list

# Creating a list

my_list = [10, 20, 30, 40]

print("Initial List:", my_list)

# Appending elements to the list

my_list.append(50)

my_list.append(60)

print("List after appending elements:", my_list)

# Removing specific elements from the list

my_list.remove(30)

print("List after removing 30:", my_list)

# Removing element by index using pop()

removed_element = my_list.pop(2) # Removes the element at index 2

print("Removed element using pop():", removed_element)

print("List after using pop():", my_list)

# Creating an empty list and adding elements dynamically

new_list = []

new_list.append("Apple")

new_list.append("Banana")

print("New List:", new_list)

# Deleting the entire list

del my_list

print("my_list deleted successfully!")

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OUTPUT:

Initial List: [10, 20, 30, 40]

List after appending elements: [10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60]

List after removing 30: [10, 20, 40, 50, 60]

Removed element using pop(): 40

List after using pop(): [10, 20, 50, 60]

New List: ['Apple', 'Banana']

my_list deleted successfully!

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Task 6: Write a program to demonstrate working with

tuples in python.
# Program to demonstrate working with tuples in Python

# Creating a tuple

my_tuple = (10, 20, 30, 40, 50)

print("Tuple:", my_tuple)

# Accessing elements

print("First element:", my_tuple[0])

print("Last element:", my_tuple[-1])

# Slicing a tuple

print("Elements from index 1 to 3:", my_tuple[1:4])

# Length of tuple

print("Length of tuple:", len(my_tuple))

# Concatenation of tuples

tuple1 = (1, 2, 3)

tuple2 = (4, 5)

tuple3 = tuple1 + tuple2

print("Concatenated Tuple:", tuple3)

# Repetition of tuple

print("Repeated Tuple:", tuple1 * 2)

# Checking for an element

print("Is 20 in my_tuple?", 20 in my_tuple)

# Traversing through tuple

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print("Elements in my_tuple:")

for item in my_tuple:

print(item)

# Tuple with mixed data types

mixed_tuple = ("Apple", 3.14, 100, True)

print("Mixed Tuple:", mixed_tuple)

OUTPUT:
Tuple: (10, 20, 30, 40, 50)

First element: 10

Last element: 50

Elements from index 1 to 3: (20, 30, 40)

Length of tuple: 5

Concatenated Tuple: (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

Repeated Tuple: (1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3)

Is 20 in my_tuple? True

Elements in my_tuple:

10

20

30

40

50

Mixed Tuple: ('Apple', 3.14, 100, True)

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Task 7: Write a program to demonstrate working with

dictionaries in python.
# Program to demonstrate working with dictionaries in Python

# Creating a dictionary

student = {

"name": "Paras",

"age": 20,

"course": "AI & ML"

print("Initial Dictionary:", student)

# Accessing values

print("Name:", student["name"])

print("Course:", [Link]("course"))

# Adding a new key-value pair

student["college"] = "Tech University"

print("After adding new item:", student)

# Updating an existing key

student["age"] = 21

print("After updating age:", student)

# Removing an item using pop()

[Link]("course")

print("After removing 'course':", student)

# Removing the last inserted item using popitem()

[Link]()

print("After popitem():", student)

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# Traversing through dictionary

print("\nTraversing the dictionary:")

for key, value in [Link]():

print(key, ":", value)

# Checking if a key exists

if "name" in student:

print("\nKey 'name' exists in the dictionary.")

# Getting all keys and values

print("All Keys:", [Link]())

print("All Values:", [Link]())

OUTPUT:
Initial Dictionary: {'name': 'Paras', 'age': 20, 'course': 'AI & ML'}

Name: Paras

Course: AI & ML

After adding new item: {'name': 'Paras', 'age': 20, 'course': 'AI & ML', 'college': 'Tech University'}

After updating age: {'name': 'Paras', 'age': 21, 'course': 'AI & ML', 'college': 'Tech University'}

After removing 'course': {'name': 'Paras', 'age': 21, 'college': 'Tech University'}

After popitem(): {'name': 'Paras', 'age': 21'}

Traversing the dictionary:

name : Paras

age : 21

Key 'name' exists in the dictionary.

All Keys: dict_keys(['name', 'age'])

All Values: dict_values(['Paras', 21])

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Task 8: Write a python program to find largest of three

numbers.
# Program to find the largest of three numbers

# Taking three numbers as input from the user

num1 = float(input("Enter first number: "))

num2 = float(input("Enter second number: "))

num3 = float(input("Enter third number: "))

# Using if-elif-else to find the largest number

if (num1 >= num2) and (num1 >= num3):

largest = num1

elif (num2 >= num1) and (num2 >= num3):

largest = num2

else:

largest = num3

# Display the result

print("The largest number is:", largest)

OUTPUT:
Enter first number: 12

Enter second number: 45

Enter third number: 27

The largest number is: 45.0

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Task 9: Write a Python program to convert

temperatures to and from Celsius, Fahrenheit.
[ Formula: c/5 = f-32/9]
# Program to convert temperatures to and from Celsius and Fahrenheit

# Formula: c/5 = (f - 32)/9

print("Temperature Conversion Program")

print("1. Convert Celsius to Fahrenheit")

print("2. Convert Fahrenheit to Celsius")

# Taking user choice

choice = int(input("Enter your choice (1 or 2): "))

if choice == 1:

# Celsius to Fahrenheit

c = float(input("Enter temperature in Celsius: "))

f = (c * 9/5) + 32

print(f"{c}°C = {f}°F")

elif choice == 2:

# Fahrenheit to Celsius

f = float(input("Enter temperature in Fahrenheit: "))

c = (f - 32) * 5/9

print(f"{f}°F = {c}°C")

else:

print("Invalid choice! Please enter 1 or 2.")

OUTPUT:
Temperature Conversion Program

1. Convert Celsius to Fahrenheit

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2. Convert Fahrenheit to Celsius

Enter your choice (1 or 2): 1

Enter temperature in Celsius: 37

37.0°C = 98.6°F

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Task 10: Write a Python program to construct the

following pattern, using a nested for loop
*
**
***
****
***
**
*
# Program to print a star pattern

for i in range(1, 5):

print("* " * i)

for i in range(3, 0, -1):

print("* " * i)

OUTPUT:
*

**

***

****

***

**

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Task 11: Write a Python script that prints prime

numbers less than 20.
# Program to print prime numbers less than 20

print("Prime numbers less than 20 are:")

for num in range(2, 20): # numbers from 2 to 19

for i in range(2, num):

if num % i == 0:

break

else:

print(num)

OUTPUT:
Prime numbers less than 20 are:

11

13

17

19

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Task 12: Write a python program to find factorial of a

number using Recursion.
# Program to find factorial of a number using recursion

# Recursive function to find factorial

def factorial(n):

if n == 0 or n == 1: # Base case

return 1

else:

return n * factorial(n - 1) # Recursive call

# Taking input from user

num = int(input("Enter a number: "))

# Checking if the number is negative

if num < 0:

print("Factorial does not exist for negative numbers.")

else:

print(f"The factorial of {num} is {factorial(num)}")

OUTPUT:
Enter a number: 5

The factorial of 5 is 120

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Task 13: Write a program that accepts the lengths of

three sides of a triangle as inputs. The program output
should indicate whether or not the triangle is a right
triangle (Recall from the Pythagorean Theorem that in a
right triangle, the square of one side equals the sum of
the squares of the other two sides).
# Program to check whether a triangle is a right triangle

# Taking input for sides of the triangle

a = float(input("Enter the length of first side: "))

b = float(input("Enter the length of second side: "))

c = float(input("Enter the length of third side: "))

# Find the largest side (hypotenuse)

sides = sorted([a, b, c]) # sorts sides in ascending order

x, y, z = sides # x and y are smaller sides, z is largest

# Check Pythagoras theorem: z² = x² + y²

if abs(z**2 - (x**2 + y**2)) < 1e-6: # small tolerance for float precision

print("The triangle is a RIGHT triangle.")

else:

print("The triangle is NOT a right triangle.")

OUTPUT:
Enter the length of first side: 3

Enter the length of second side: 4

Enter the length of third side: 5

The triangle is a RIGHT triangle.

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Task 14: Write a python program to define a module to

find Fibonacci Numbers and import the module to
another program.
# fibonacci_module.py

# This module contains a function to generate Fibonacci numbers

def fibonacci(n):

"""Return a list of Fibonacci numbers up to n terms."""

fib_series = []

a, b = 0, 1

for i in range(n):

fib_series.append(a)

a, b = b, a + b

return fib_series

OUTPUT:
Enter the number of terms for Fibonacci series: 8

Fibonacci series with 8 terms:

[0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13]

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Task 15: Write a python program to define a module

and import a specific function in that module to another
program.
🧩 Step 1 — Create module file: my_module.py

# my_module.py

# Module containing math functions

def add(a, b):

return a + b

def subtract(a, b):

return a - b

🧮 Step 2 — Main program file: main_program.py

# main_program.py

# Importing a specific function from the module

from my_module import add # importing only 'add' function

# Taking user input

x = int(input("Enter first number: "))

y = int(input("Enter second number: "))

# Using imported function

result = add(x, y)

print(f"The sum of {x} and {y} is: {result}")

OUTPUT:
Enter first number: 10

Enter second number: 20

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The sum of 10 and 20 is: 30

Task 16: Write a script named [Link]. This script

should prompt the user for the names of two text files.
The contents of the first file should be input and written
to the second file.

# [Link]

# Program to copy contents from one text file to another

# Ask user for file names

source_file = input("Enter the name of the source file: ")

destination_file = input("Enter the name of the destination file: ")

try:

# Open source file in read mode

with open(source_file, 'r') as file1:

content = [Link]()

# Open destination file in write mode and copy content

with open(destination_file, 'w') as file2:

[Link](content)

print(f"\nContents of '{source_file}' have been copied to '{destination_file}' successfully!")

except FileNotFoundError:

print("\nError: The source file does not exist. Please check the file name and try again.")

except Exception as e:

print(f"\nAn error occurred: {e}")

OUTPUT:
Enter the name of the source file: [Link]

Enter the name of the destination file: [Link]

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Contents of '[Link]' have been copied to '[Link]' successfully!

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Task 17: Write a program that inputs a text file. The

program should print all of the unique words in the file
in alphabetical order.

# Program to print all unique words from a text file in alphabetical order

# Ask user for file name

file_name = input("Enter the name of the text file: ")

try:

# Open the file and read its contents

with open(file_name, 'r') as file:

text = [Link]()

# Split the text into words

words = [Link]()

# Convert to lowercase to avoid duplicates (like "The" and "the")

words = [[Link]() for word in words]

# Remove punctuation (optional improvement)

words = [[Link]('.,!?()[]{}":;') for word in words]

# Create a set for unique words

unique_words = set(words)

# Sort the words alphabetically

sorted_words = sorted(unique_words)

# Print each unique word

print("\nUnique words in alphabetical order:\n")

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for word in sorted_words:

print(word)

except FileNotFoundError:

print("\nError: The file does not exist. Please check the file name and try again.")

except Exception as e:

print(f"\nAn error occurred: {e}")

OUTPUT:
Unique words in alphabetical order:

hello

is

python

test

this

world

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Task 18: Write a Python class to convert an integer to a

roman numeral.
# Program to convert an integer to a Roman numeral using a class

class IntToRoman:

def __init__(self):

# Dictionary of Roman numerals and their integer values

[Link] = [

(1000, 'M'), (900, 'CM'),

(500, 'D'), (400, 'CD'),

(100, 'C'), (90, 'XC'),

(50, 'L'), (40, 'XL'),

(10, 'X'), (9, 'IX'),

(5, 'V'), (4, 'IV'),

(1, 'I')

def convert(self, num):

roman_num = ''

for (value, symbol) in [Link]:

while num >= value:

roman_num += symbol

num -= value

return roman_num

# --- Main Program ---

number = int(input("Enter an integer (1 - 3999): "))

converter = IntToRoman()

print(f"Roman numeral for {number} is: {[Link](number)}")

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OUTPUT:
Enter an integer (1 - 3999): 1999

Roman numeral for 1999 is: MCMXCIX

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Task 19: Write a Python class to implement pow(x, n)

# Program to implement power function pow(x, n) using a class

class Power:

def pow(self, x, n):

result = 1

for i in range(abs(n)):

result *= x

if n < 0:

return 1 / result

return result

# --- Main Program ---

x = float(input("Enter the base (x): "))

n = int(input("Enter the exponent (n): "))

p = Power()

print(f"{x} raised to the power {n} is: {[Link](x, n)}")

OUTPUT:
Enter the base (x): 2

Enter the exponent (n): 5

2.0 raised to the power 5 is: 32.0

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Task 20: Write a Python class to reverse a string word

by word.
# Program to reverse a string word by word using a class

class StringReverser:

def reverse_words(self, sentence):

# Split the sentence into words

words = [Link]()

# Reverse the list of words

reversed_words = words[::-1]

# Join them back into a single string

return ' '.join(reversed_words)

# --- Main Program ---

text = input("Enter a sentence: ")

reverser = StringReverser()

print("Reversed sentence (word by word):", reverser.reverse_words(text))

OUTPUT:
Enter a sentence: Python is very easy

Reversed sentence (word by word): easy very is Python

pg. 28