This set of questions covers important themes from the Class 10 CBSE Social Science syllabus,
including History, Geography, Political Science, and Economics.
Here are the concise, board-exam-oriented answers for each question:
History & Political Science
1. How did the Non-Cooperation Movement affect the economy?
● Foreign goods boycotted: Import of foreign cloth halved between 1921 and 1922 (from
₹102 crore to ₹57 crore).
● Picketing: Liquor shops were picketed, and foreign cloth was burnt in huge bonfires.
● Boost to Indian Industry: Many merchants refused to trade in foreign goods, leading to
a rise in production for Indian textile mills and handlooms.
2. "People had different interpretations of Swaraj." Describe.
● For Peasants (Awadh): Swaraj meant reduction in revenue, abolition of begar (forced
labor), and social boycott of oppressive landlords.
● For Tribal Peasants (Gudem Hills): It meant the right to enter forests to graze cattle and
collect fuelwood/fruits.
● For Plantation Workers (Assam): It meant the right to move freely in and out of the
confined spaces and retaining a link with their villages.
3. What about the Rowlatt Act infuriated Indians?
● It was passed hurriedly through the Imperial Legislative Council despite united Indian
opposition.
● It gave the government enormous powers to repress political activities.
● It allowed detention of political prisoners without trial for two years.
4. Gandhiji’s efforts for Harijans (Untouchables):
● He called them 'Harijan' (children of God).
● He organized Satyagraha to secure them entry into temples and access to public wells,
tanks, and schools.
● He himself cleaned toilets to dignify the work of the 'bhangis' (sweepers) and persuaded
upper castes to change their hearts.
8. Five features of Secularism in India:
● No Official Religion: The Constitution does not give special status to any religion (unlike
Buddhism in Sri Lanka).
● Freedom to Practice: All citizens have the freedom to profess, practice, and propagate
any religion.
● Prohibition of Discrimination: The Constitution prohibits discrimination on grounds of
religion.
● State Intervention: The State can intervene in religious matters to ensure equality (e.g.,
banning untouchability).
● No Religious Instruction: Government-aided educational institutions cannot provide
compulsory religious instructions.
10. Five functions of Political Parties:
● Contest Elections: Candidates are put up by parties to win public office.
● Put Forward Policies: They group different opinions into basic positions which they
support.
● Making Laws: Parties play a decisive role in making laws for a country via the legislature.
● Form and Run Government: The big policy decisions are taken by political executives
that come from the parties.
● Role of Opposition: Parties that lose elections voice different views and criticize the
government for its failures.
Geography & Minerals
5. India has rich and varied mineral resources. Support with examples:
● Peninsular Rocks: Contain most of the reserves of coal, metallic minerals, mica, and
many non-metallic minerals.
● Sedimentary Rocks (Gujarat/Assam): House most of the petroleum deposits.
● Rajasthan: Rich in many non-ferrous minerals.
● Alluvial Plains (North India): These are almost devoid of economic minerals.
6. Importance and Classification of Minerals:
● Importance: Minerals are the backbone of industrial development and essential for
everything from a tiny pin to a large ship.
● Classification:
○ Metallic: Ferrous (Iron ore, Manganese) and Non-Ferrous (Copper, Bauxite).
○ Non-Metallic: (Mica, Salt, Limestone).
○ Energy Minerals: (Coal, Petroleum).
● Key Minerals:
○ Iron Ore: Basic mineral; backbone of industrial development.
○ Manganese: Used in manufacturing steel and ferromanganese alloys.
○ Limestone: Found in sedimentary rocks; essential raw material for the cement
industry.
○ Mica: Excellent dielectric strength and low power loss factor; indispensable for
electrical and electronic industries.
Economics
11. Formal vs. Informal sources of Credit:
Feature Formal Sources Informal Sources
Examples Banks and Cooperatives Moneylenders, traders,
relatives
Supervision Supervised by the RBI No organization supervises
them
Interest Rate Low and fixed Very high; can lead to
debt-traps
Documentation Requires collateral and papers Based on personal relations
12. Role of Credit for Development:
● Investment: Cheap credit allows farmers to buy seeds/fertilizers and small entrepreneurs
to set up industries.
● Income Generation: It helps people start businesses, increasing their earnings and
improving their standard of living.
● Breaking the Poverty Cycle: By avoiding high-interest informal loans, people can
reinvest their profits rather than just paying off debt.
13. Five reasons for the importance of the Tertiary Sector in India:
● Basic Services: Government responsibility for providing schools, hospitals, police
stations, and banks.
● Development of Primary/Secondary Sectors: Growth in agriculture and industry leads
to more demand for transport, storage, and trade.
● Rise in Income Levels: As people earn more, they demand more services like eating
out, tourism, and private schooling.
● New Services: Rapid growth in Information and Communication Technology (IT sector).
● Employment: While it doesn't produce goods, it generates the highest share of the
nation's GDP and significant employment.
Would you like me to create a sample mock test based on these topics to help you practice for
your exams?