Exercise 1:

1. Everyone’s ready to go, _______aren’t they_______?

2. Let’s be reasonable, ___aren’t you___________?
3. There’s no place like home, _____is it_________?
4. Alan never took his work seriously, ______did he________?
5. Patricia hardly said a word, _____didn’t she_________?
6. Nobody has seen my wallet, _______have they_______?
7. Everyone has secrets, _____haven’t they_________?
8. That’s such a shame, ______isn’t it________?
9. Nothing surprises you anymore, _____do you_________?
10. Nearly everyone came to the meeting, ______didn’t
they________?
11. I'm being silly, _____aren’t I_________?
12. Someone knocked at the door, ______didn’t they________?
13. Let's try again, ___do you___________?
14. Everything is just perfect, ______isn’t it________?
15. It's no use, ___is it____________?
16. This was a total waste of time, __________wasn’t it_____?
17. You're addicted to shopping, _____aren’t you_____________?
18. They weren't part of the regular team, ________were
they__________?
19. You can't give it back to the owner, _____can
you_____________?
20. Let's take a day off tomorrow, ______don’t you____________?
21. She has her hair styled every week, ______hasn’t
she____________?
22. Mum will be happy to see you, _________won’t she_________?
23. John keeps talking all the time. That's disgusting, __doesn’t
he_______?
24. They haven't ever bought a new car, ____have they________?
25. I'm such a good swimmer, _________aren’t I_________?
26. He wouldn't agree with you, _____would he_____________?
27. There's really nothing more to say, _________is it_________?
 28. I shouldn't criticise the teacher, _______should I___________?
29. Please pass me the sugar, ________do you__________?
30. You mustn't play on the freshly cut grass, _______must
you________?
31. You don't want him to come with us, _____do
you_____________?
32. She hardly said anything, ________did she__________?
33. You do have a receipt, ____don’t you_________?
34. Peter and Jenny want to be alone, __________do they________?
35. You weren't ill last week, ______were you____________?
36. I needn't come with you, ________do I__________?
37. I didn't have a chance to thank you, _________did I_________?
38. You had the car repaired, ________hadn’t you__________?
39. She never met anyone else, _______did she___________?
40. Let's go to the cinema, ________do you__________?
41. They could make it to the train in time, ______couldn’t
they_____?
42. Dad won't be with us next week, ___will he_______________?
43. If we had more money, we would travel a lot, _____would
we______?
44. You have lunch with your family on Sundays, _____haven’t
you____?
45. It got very late yesterday, ______didn’t it____________?
46. I am not going to have to tell you again, ______am
I____________?
Exercise 2:
1. Claudia wasn’t in the class, ___was she_____?
2. Mind the traffic, __do you____?
3. I am afraid he is seriously ill, ___isn’t he____?
4. He won't mind if I use his phone, ____will he___?
5. He never acts like a gentleman, __does he___?
6. Everybody was very happy, ____wasn’t/ weren’t they___?
7. Tom knows that his father is in the hospital, ___doesn’t he____?
8. Don't drop that vase, ___do you_____?
9. I think she deliberately provoked him,____didn’t she__?
10. I suspect he is in love,___isn’t he____?
11. I’m right,___aren’t I___?
12. I'm not too impatient,___am I___?
13. It appears that she is enjoying herself,______isn’t she_?
14. You've got a camera,___haven’t you___ ?
15. Nothing about me is true,___is it____ ?
16. Amanda would like to get a scholarship,___wouldn’t she_____ ?
17. Carol can cope with the situation,___can’t he____ ?
18. You weren't listening, __were you____ ?
19. I don’t suppose you are serious, ____are you____?
20. I don’t think anyone will volunteer, __will they______?
[Link] wasn't enough paper in the printer, __was it_____ ?
[Link] he spoke better English he would look for a job abroad, ____wouldn’t
he___ ?
[Link]'ve already sent you the invitation, __haven’t they_____ ?
[Link] should invite them to our party, _shouldn’t we_____?
[Link] had to sell some shares, ___hadn’t you_____?
[Link] were disappointed when you got your exam results, ___didn’t
you____ ?
[Link] won't have to work tomorrow, __will we____?
[Link]'ll have to finish the project before next week, ____won’t we___?
29. There is little we can do about it,___can’t we____?
[Link] police found some fingerprints on the wall, ___didn’t they____?
[Link] doesn’t seem a very important article on the subject, ___does
it____?
[Link] monster in the story has never existed, __has it_____?
[Link] could hear the noise in the middle of the night, _____could
they__?
[Link] was a Roman town once, __wasn’t it______?
[Link] will travel to Mars one day in the future, __won’t they_____?
[Link] had not arrived when we went to sleep, __had he______?
[Link] us buy Mummy a new sari for Diwali, ___do you____?
[Link] interesting happens in this town, __does it_____?
[Link] has been a lot of rain this winter, ____hasn’t it____?
[Link] is going to Janaki’s party, ___aren’t they_____?
41.I am not disturbing you with my singing, ___am I_____?
[Link] brother has been working in a factory for many years, ___hasn’t
he____?
[Link] can fly for short distances, __can’t it_____?
[Link] have never been to Mumbai, __have you_?
[Link] is impossible to describe how beautiful the view is from the top of
the mountain, ____is it____?
[Link] weren’t any phones when Akbar was king, ____were they____?
[Link] isn’t the longest river in the world, ___is it____?
[Link] waiter listens to the conversations of the guests, ____does he____?
[Link] should have the same rights, ___shouldn’t they____?

Exercise 3:
[Link] of the workers was happy with the new legislation ____ ?
[Link]'t they [Link]'t they [Link] they [Link]'t they
[Link] they
[Link], the Browns' only son, died in a terrible accident last year. Before
that event, however, the family used to be very cheerful people, ____ ,
dad?
[Link]'t they [Link]'t they [Link]'t they [Link]'t
he [Link]'t it
[Link] is very important for him, ____
[Link]'t it [Link]'t that [Link] it [Link] that [Link]'t this
[Link]? should visit Goreme, ____
[Link] they [Link] [Link]'t they [Link] we [Link]'t we
[Link] instead of going to Madrid with my boss, I am going to
London, ____ ? So, is everything arranged properly there?
[Link] n't I [Link]'t I [Link]'t I [Link]'t I [Link] I
[Link] far as I know Jim, and according to what his mum told about him, he
hates football and never plays it,____ ?
[Link]'t he [Link] he [Link] he [Link]'t she [Link]'t I
[Link] really think that those over there are our new teacher's kids, ____ ?
But, they aren't because he isn't married yet.
[Link]'t it [Link]'t you [Link]'t they [Link] you [Link]'t he
[Link] had to provide some evidence to the court to clear him of the
accusation, ____ ?
[Link]'t they [Link]'t he [Link]'t he [Link]'t they [Link]'t
they
9. Just because the teacher of math has strict rules in class, everybody
dislikes him too much, ____ ?
[Link]'t they [Link]'t it [Link]'t it [Link] they [Link]'t they
10. A: What an exhausting day it was! I had better go to sleep right now,
____ ?
B: Yes, of course. Anyway, I have already prepared the room for you.
[Link]'t you [Link] I [Link]'t you [Link]'t I [Link]'t it
[Link] is the breaking news. Something bad must have happened at the
airport. Pass the remote control to me, ____ ?
[Link]'t it [Link]'t you [Link]'t I [Link] you [Link] we
12.I guess my brother didn't like the way his wife behaved in front of
many people, ____ ? Because, he takes her words personally.
[Link]'t he [Link]'t I [Link] he [Link]'t she [Link] he
[Link] in the family believes Carl has paid the heating bill, ____ ? So,
he needs some time to prove himself to be reliable.
[Link] they [Link] he [Link]'t he [Link]'t they [Link] they
14.I assume the books you gave will be helpful despite the fact that there
are plenty of similar books, ____ ?
[Link] you [Link]'t they [Link]'t you [Link] there [Link]'t there
[Link] of the things I used to do was breaking ice floes in the stream,
____ ?
[Link]'t it [Link]'t it [Link]'t they [Link]'t it [Link]'t it
16.I? suppose they won't come in time for the lunch, ____
[Link]'t they [Link]'t I [Link]'t I [Link] they [Link] you
[Link] said the teacher ought to give the instructions more clearly, ____ ?
[Link] he [Link]'t he [Link]'t he [Link]'t he [Link] not
they
[Link] ____ hard for the exam, didn't he?
[Link]'t study [Link] [Link] [Link] studied [Link]'t
study
[Link] ____ the car he damaged repaired, won't he?
[Link] have [Link] have [Link] [Link] [Link] having
[Link] would have been a more tactful decision to leave them alone when
they told us to have a break, ____ ?
[Link]'t we [Link]'t they [Link]'t it [Link]'t it [Link]'t
they
[Link] will be coming in an hour, so I have got to prepare something for
dinner, ____ ?
[Link]'t I [Link]'t I [Link]'t we [Link]'t they [Link]'t
I
 TEST 1
PART I. LISTENING (2.0 PTS)
Section I. (1.0 pt)
1-10. Listen and complete the notes below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.

MASS STRANDING OF WHALES AND DOLPHINS

Mass strandings: situations where groups of whales, dolphins, etc., swim onto the beach and die.
Common in areas where the (1) ___________________ can change quickly
Several other theories:
PARASITES
e.g., some parasites can affect marine animals’ (2) ____ ______ which they depend on for navigation
TOXINS
ACCIDENTAL STRANDINGS
Animals may follow prey ashore, e.g., Thurston (1995)
Unlikely because the majority of animals were not (3) _________when they stranded
HUMAN ACTIVITY
(4) __________from military tests are linked to some recent strandings.
The Bahamas (2000) stranding was unusual because the whales
● were all (5) _________
● were not in a (6) _____
GROUP BEHAVIOUR
● More stranding in the most (7) ________species of whales
● 1994 dolphin stranding – only the (8) _________was ill.
FURTHER READING
Marine Mammals Ashore (Connor) – gives information about stranding (9) _________

Section II. (1.0 pt)

Choose the correct letter, A, B or C
10. PS Camping has been organizing holidays for
A. 15 years B. 20 years C. 25 years
11. The company has most camping sites in
A. France B. Italy C. Switzerland
12. Which organized activity can children do every day of the week?
A. drama B. football C. model making
13. Some areas of the sites have a ‘no noise’ rule after
A. 9.30pm B. 10.00pm C. 10.30pm
14. The holiday insurance that is offered by PS Camping
A. can be charged on an annual basis B. is included in the price of the holiday
C. must be taken out at the time of booking
15. Customers who recommend PS Camping to friends will receive
A. a free gift B. an upgrade to a luxury tent C. a discount
What does the speaker say about the following items? Write the correct letter, A, B or C next to
questions 17-20.
A They are provided in all tents.
B They are found in central areas of the campsite.
C They are available on request.
17 barbecues ________
18 toys _________
19 cool boxes ________
20 mops and buckets ________
PART II. PHONETICS (0.5 points)
Part I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others by
circling the letter A, B, C or D. (0.3 pt)
1. A. define B. decline C. determine D. deprive
2. A. question B. digestion C. equation D. suggestion
3. A. southern B. thyme C. worthy D. Netherlands
Part II. LEXICO- GRAMMAR (3.0 PTS)
I. Choose the best option A, B, C, or D to complete the following sentences. (1.0 pt)
1. My son and my daughter-in-law are staying with us ________the time being until they can afford an
apartment.
A. during B. for C. at D. in
2. A_________ is a bridge that carries one road over another one.
A. underpass B. elevated walkway C. flyover D. tunnel
3. Not having written about the required topic, __________ a low mark.
A. the teacher gave me B. I was given
C. the teacher gave D. my presentation was given
4. We must try to cut __________ the amount of money we spend a month.
A. up with B. down on C. in with D. away from
5. If you catch them stealing again, there will be __________ for it but call the police.
A. saying B. no choice C. no knowing D. no help
6. The factory has announced that it is ____________ off over 200 workers.
A. firing B. leaving C. dismissing D. laying
7. When I finish writing this composition, I’m going to _________ and go to bed.
A. call it a day B. make my day C. have my day D. take days off
8. The flowers will soon start to bloom____________ winter is gone and the weather is more favorable.
A. so that B. now that C. as if D. much as
9. We caught a momentary __________ of Prince Charles as his car drove past.
A. glimpse B. glance C. peep D. view
10. At the deep bottom of Atlantic____________.
A. lied the Titanic B. did the Titanic lie C. lay the Titanic D. had the Titanic lain
II. Complete each sentence using a verb from column A in the correct form and a suitable particle from
column B. You can use any particle more than once. (1.0 pt)

A B
turn bring deal set keep out up down on with off
bottom live break single run

1. Mary _____________________________ her stress by taking up yoga every day.

2. It is thought that house prices have now finally _________.
3. Tim was sad because he failed to___________ to his parents’ expectations.
4. My karate instructor always ____________ Robert to demonstrate techniques as he’s the best in the
class.
5. Our band has just ___________ our second album.
6. We missed the beginning of the film since our motorbike _________ on the way to the cinema.
7. She wanted to knit a scarf, but she ________ of wool before she was finished.
8. If you don’t ___________ with your regular exercise, you’ll gain more weight.
9. Their proposal to build another skyscraper in the city has been __________ as it may be dangerous.
10. What time do you want to ___________ for New York?
III. Think of one word which can be used appropriately in all three sentences. Number ‘0’ is an
example. (0.5 pt)
0. After being responsible for two false starts, the athlete was disqualified from the sprint.
I couldn’t understand what Grandma was saying until in her false teeth.
Making false statements to the police is an offence.
1. eating pizza can make people happy – it’s a great ____________ food.
Rock climbing pushes many people beyond their ______________ zones.
He could retire now and live in _____________ for the rest of his life.
2. The teacher said he would not ____________ such rude behavior in his class.
Please _____________ up to 3 weeks for delivery.
These websites ___________ consumers to compare the prices of all telephone providers.
3. We just have to finish this section, then we’re _______________ and dry.
His grandmother is staying at a nursing _______________ and he visits her every weekend.
This island is _____________ to many species of birds.
4. The actress forgot her __________________ on the opening night of the play.
The anti-aging cream will reduce _______________ on your face.
Don’t ever cross railway _______________ at this point; it’s far too dangerous.
5. Please _____________ your name clearly into the microphone.
 The president governs the country and the governor governs the ________________.
He was in a ______________ of absolute shock.
IV. Give the correct form of the words in brackets to complete the passage below. (0.5 pt)
The upper layers of Earth’s oceans have cooled considerably over the past few years, even though the
planet as a whole is warming up. While this may just be part of the natural variation of oceans, ( 1. climate)
___________ are still confounded by the massive uncountable loss of heat.
Scientists have been increasingly concerned by rising sea temperatures over the last 50 years but these new
(2. find) _____________ tell a different story.
Generally speaking, the (3. absorb) _______________________ of heat by the oceans reduces
atmospheric warming.
Now (4. measure) ______________ taken by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration have
put a wrinkle in the trend. Scientists found that the oceans dropped in temperature by a/an (5. believe)
_____________ 0.02 degrees centigrade between 2011 and 2013.
PART IV. READING (2.5 PTS)
I. Choose the best option A, B, C and D that best fits each of the blanks to complete the passage. (0.8 pt)
Having a roof over your head is a (1) ________________ necessity that we in the western world have (2)
________________ into an art form – a stylist place to dwell is now intrinsic to our happiness. But the way
we live also has to keep pace with rapidly changing lifestyle and as our (3) ________________ towards the
environment change, we’re becoming more aware that our homes need to treat more lightly on the earth.
Architects are (4) ________________ to this creative challenge, designing inspiring buildings that respond
both to our modern lives, and to our growing sense of environmental responsibility. These new buildings
boast contemporary aesthetics while encouraging us to live more responsibility by using (5)
________________ resources. From innovative designs of tiny capsule dwellings to elegant family homes
with robust green features, sustainable ideas are permeating modern designs. And it seems we’re on the
verge of a seismic shift.
One idea doing the rounds is th because our aspirations have changed, we can now be content with far
fewer possessions. This concept (6) ________________ Horden Cherry Lee to design the micro-compact
home, a sleek pad only to cubic meters in size, (7) ________________ spacious enough for two people to
live in for short periods. Professor Horden justifies these compact proportions in (8) ________________ of
our modern habits: status is increasingly gained by having a high degree of mobility rather than merely
owning things.
1. A. primitive B. limited C. rare D. basic
2. A. produced B. assembled C. turned D. caused
3. A. attitudes B. concepts C. ideas D. schemes
4. A. climbing B. rising C. soaring D. swelling
5. A. shorter B. greater C. grander D. fewer
6. A. assured B. inspired C. imposed D. created
7. A. despite B. how C. whatever D. yet
8. A. means B. reasons C. terms D. plans
II. Read the passage below and choose the best option A, B, C and D to answer each of the following
questions. (0.7 pt)
If we now know enough to be able to make changes in the genetic material that parents hand on to their
children, why not seize this power? Why not control what has been left to chance in the past? Social and
environmental influences already control many other aspects of our children’s lives and identities. Can we
really reject positive genetic influences on the next generation’s minds and bodies when we accept the
rights of parents to benefit their children in every other way?
It seems to me inevitable that genetic engineering will eventually be used. It will probably begin in a way
that is most ethically acceptable to the largest portion of society, to prevent babies inheriting conditions that
have a severe impact on the quality of the life, such as deafness or blindness. The number of parents
needing or desiring this service might be tiny, but their experience would help to ease society’s fears, and
geneticist could then begin to expand their services to prevent the inheritance of genes leading to other
disorders such as asthma, heart disease, and various forms of cancer.
A further frontier will be the mind and the senses. Here, genetic engineering could have enormous benefits.
Alcohol addiction could be eliminated, along with tendencies toward mental disease. People’s senses of
sight and hearing could be improved, allowing for new dimensions in art and music. And when our
understanding of brain development has advanced, geneticists will be able to give parents the chance to
choose intellectual gifts for their children as well.
Are there any limits to what can be accomplished with genetic enhancements? Some experts say there are
boundaries beyond which we cannot go. But humans have a tendency to prove the experts wrong. One way
to identify types of human enhancements that be in the living world. If another living creature already has a
seem today – is to consider what already exists in the living world. If another living creature already has a
particular attribute, then we can work out its genetic basis and eventually we should be able to make it
available to humans. For example, we could provide humans with a greatly enhanced sense of smell like
that of dogs and other mammals, and the ability to “see” objects in complete darkness through a biological
sonar system like the one that allows bats to find their way in the dark.
In the longer term, it might be possible to identify the genetics information which allows creatures to live
under extreme conditions here on earth – like the microscopic bacteria that live in scalding hot water
around volcanic events on the ocean floor, far removed from light and free oxygen, and other creatures that
are genetically adapted to thrive in subzero temperatures in the Arctic. One day it may even be possible to
incorporate photosynthesis units into human embryos so that humans could receive energy directly from
the sun, just like pants. Such genetic gifts could allow these genetically modified humans to survive on
other planets in the solar system, where they could in turn use genetic engineering the furthers enhance the
ability of their own children to survive on their chosen worlds.
In the short term, though, most genetic enhancement will surely be much more mundane. They will
provide little fixes to all of the naturally occurring genetic defects that shorten the lives of so many people.
They will enrich physical and cognitive attributes in small ways. But as the years go by over the next two
centuries, the number and variety of possible genetic extensions to the basic human genome will rise
dramatically – like the addition to computer operating systems that occurred during the 1980s and 1990s.
Extensions that were once unimaginable will become indispensable- to those parents who are able to afford
them.
1. According to the writer, what has been “left to chance in the past”? (para 1)
A. The ways in which parents may benefit their children
B. The genetic compatibility of potential parent.
C. The social and environmental factors affecting children.
D. The qualities and characteristics that children inherit.
2. Genetic engineering may first be applied to conditions affecting children because ___________.
A. this would prevent so much suffering
B. this would be the least controversial use
C. the greatest long-term benefit would be provided
D. the social consequences are so severe
3. Once genetic engineering is accepted it may be used to ___________.
A. improve the mental capabilities of unborn children
B. extend understanding of how the brain works
C. bring a new realism to art and music
D. cure people with alcohol related problems
4. Looking farther into the future, the write suggests that human attributes___________.
A. could be transferred to other living creatures
B. could be improved with genetic information from other creatures
C. should not be interfered with beyond certain limits
D. can only be enhanced with characteristics from other human
5. He suggests that genetic engineering may ultimately allow human to___________.
A. produce energy by using the sun
B. live and reproduce in inhospitable condition
C. live under the ocean
D. reproduce with creatures from other planets
6. In the final paragraph, he implies that genetic engineering___________.
A. should only be used to deal with genetic defects
B. will be affected by computer technology
C. may not be used to benefits everyone equally
D. will one day be taken for granted b everyone
7. The writer is generally ______________.
A. enthusiastic about future development in genetic engineering
B. concerned about the implications of future development
C. hopeful that there will be rapid developments in the near future
D. disappointed by the limited advances already achieved
III. Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only ONE word in each
space. (1.0 pt)
Many countries regard income first and foremost (1)_____________ the primary means of determining
their success in (2)__________with other countries. This measure divides the value of a country’s annual
production (3) ___________ the number of people resident in the country. In 1998, however, the King of
Bhutan announced that in the future his nation’s main measure of success would be happiness (4)
_____________ than income. He did this with a (5) _____________ to showing the world that money does
not (6) __________happiness.
A year later, the King had the fateful decision to allow television into his country. Until then, it had been
banned, as (7) _____________ all forms of advertising. But in 1999, TV sets began to be imported into the
country and, as a result, people started to spend a lot of time watching television programmes. Around the
(8) _____________ time, children began fighting more, crime (9) ___________ and more (10)
_____________ couples separated or divorced.
PART V. WRITING (2.0 PTS )
Part 1. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the
sentence printed before it. (0.5pt/each)
1. We didn’t take the train, so we were late for the meeting.
=> If we___________________________________________.
2. Just thinking about his face at the moment makes me laugh.
=> The very___________________________________________
3. I’ll never forget the day I heard I’d got into my chosen university.
=> The day on ___________________________________________
4. The facts were not all made public at the time.
=> Only later ____________________________________________.
5. Exhaustion prevented the runners from finishing the race.
=> So ___________________________________________________________.
Part 2. Rewrite each sentence using the word in brackets so that the meaning stays the same.
(0.5pt/each)
6. Peter is far superior to David in terms of technical knowledge. (match)
=> When it _________________________________________________.
7. The meeting dragged on for hours and the managers argued aggressively. (but)
=> Not ___________________________________________.
8. I am glad now you see sense and agree that your parents are right. (senses)
=> I am glad ___________________________________________.
9. Ben couldn’t finish the crossword despite trying really hard. (might)
=> Try ______________________________________________.
10. It seems that no one predicted the correct answer. (have)
=> No one _________________________________________________.

- THE END -