FLOOD DETECTION ALARMING SYSTEM

(FDAS)

A Research Report

Presented to

Science, Technology, and Engineering (STE) Program

SIOCON NATIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL

School Year 2024-2025

Arabi, Ayesha C.

Baang, Christian H.

Gillamac, Antonella B.

Kiran, Zonahea Friel A.

Lacpao, Dion Dave C.

Pasturan, Madel B.

Tuballa, Franzchynee Y.

Wong, Ysabella Rive P.

Proponent

March, 2025
 ii

APPROVAL SHEET

This research study titled “Flood Detection Alarming System” has been

prepared and submitted for approval and acceptance.

AYESHA C. ARABI CHRISTIAN H. BAANG ANTONELLA B. GILLAMAC

Proponent Proponent Proponent

ZONAHEA FRIEL A. KIRAN DION DAVE C. LACPAO

Proponent Proponent

MADEL B. PASTURAN FRANZCHYNEE Y. TUBALLA

Proponent Proponent

YSABELLA RIVE P. WONG

Proponent

Reviewed and endorsed by:

HIVY R. BALOYO
Research Adviser

Recommending Approval:

HYRA R. ONTANAN LUISITA M. PASAFORTE JOSE BENJAMIN M. JALARON

Member Chairperson Member
Board of Panelists Board of Panelists Board of Panelists

Approved:

LOESTER M. BERCASIO
School Principal III
 iii

ABSTRACT

Flood is one of the most dangerous and destructive natural disaster that

all humans have been faced with since ancient times, it brings from little to

massive destruction to the community with the destructions of houses to the

loss of human and animal life, especially when the people are unprepared of the

oncoming disaster. With this predicament the researchers have conducted the

Flood Detection Alarming System (FDAS). The (FDAS) have two prototypes; The

Siren System and the Flood Level Monitor System that helps the people by

sending an alarm to the people of the community through siren. The siren will

alarm in interval when the water reaches the orange level (Immediate evacuation)

and prolong in the red level and will stop if the water level decreases. For the

monitor system, the jumper wires will serve as sensors, and once the water

reaches to each passing consecutive colors, the same color LEDs will alight.

This study aims to give real-time flood detection about on coming floods.

This study made use of the Paired Samples. T-test to determine the significant

difference in the time detection in the orange-red level using the siren system

and the flood level monitor system. Based on the data gathered, there is no

significant difference of the time detection on the functionality of both the

prototypes in orange to red level. It is shown that both the Siren System and the

Flood Level Monitor System detects arising water in orange to red level quickly.

Keywords: Flood detection alarming system, Flood level monitor system, Flood

siren system, Orange level, Red level, Time detection.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE………………………………………………………………………………….…i

APPROVAL SHEET………………………………………………………………………..….ii

ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………………....…..…..iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS……………………………………………………………….….….iv

LIST OF TABLES………………………………………………………………………………v

LIST OF FIGURES……………………………………………………………………………vi

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS………………………………………………………………..…vii

INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………..………..1-3

STATEMENT OF THE RPOBLEM…………………………………….........................4

METHODS…………………………………………………………………………..…..…5-17

RESULT AND DISCUSSION……………………………………..………………..…18-19

CONCLUSION……………………………………………………………………….……….20

RECOMMENDATIONS…………………………………………………………….....……21

REFFERENCES….………………………………………..…………..…………….…22-23

APPENDICES………………………………………………………....................24-30

CURRICULUM VITAE………………………………………………………….……….31-38
 v

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE.1, 20

TABLE.2, page 28

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE .1, page 14 (Flood Siren System & (Flood Level Monitor System)
FIGURE.2, page 14 (Flood Siren System, top view)
FIGURE.3 page 14 ( Flood Level Monitor System, top view)
FIGURE.4 page 17 (Flood Siren System Flow Chart)
FIGURE.5, page 18 (Flood Level Monitor System flowchart)
FIGURE.6 page 18 (Flood Level Monitor System Circuit Diagram)
FIGURE.7, page 19 (Siren System Circuit Diagram)
FIGURE.8, page 32 (Appendix C, AI checker)
FIGURE.9, page 33 (Appendix D, Plagiarism Checker)
FIGURE. 10, page 33 (Appendix D, Plagiarism Checker)
 vi

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, we would like to acknowledge all the help of our

Research Teachers Mrs. Hivy R. Baloyo & Mrs. Hyra R. Ontanan for providing us

with knowledge on our research study by teaching us how we can initiate our

study properly.

Secondly, we thank Sir Benjamin Jalaron for helping us review and check

the materials needed for our study and on how to assemble it to our prototype.

And Mrs. Luisita Pasaforte for giving us her honest critiques and evaluations on

our study.

In addition, we would like to express our grateful gratitude to Sir Mondido

Julito for his knowledge in making the functionality of our prototype to be

successful and for being our technician and helping us conduct the coding of

our prototype as well as helping us fix our technical errors.

Furthermore is Mr. Adel Pasturan for being our laborer and for his

assistance in the construction of our prototypes.

We would also like to express our outmost gratitude to our benefactors in

terms of our finances. Without them this research study would not be

successfully planned and constructed.

Lastly, we would like to have a special thanks to Engr. Jose Marlowe

Echem of Siocon MDRRMC Unit for being our expert on the field of flood

awareness with his help we gained the knowledge of the fundamentals of flood

awareness, flood prevention, flood monitor chart, etc.

THANK YOU VERY MUCH!

 1

INTRODUCTION

Flood is one of the most precarious natural disasters that is happening all

around the world. Flood have occurred more frequently than other natural

disasters such as earthquakes. This natural phenomenon has greatly affected

the community’s properties, localities, and even the daily lives of the residents

who live in an area where flood are frequently to occur. In addition to public and

private infrastructure, natural systems, cultural legacy, and economic activity,

it includes all adverse effects on individuals, their health, and their property.

The main contributors to Nigeria's flooding are people, with poor urban

planning practices and a lack of insufficient environmental infrastructure

compounding and exacerbating the issue. Nigeria's flooding problem hasn't

gotten enough attention. As evidenced, for instance, by the absence of a

comprehensive flood risk map or a national Flood Risk Management (FRM) plan

(Oladokun, 2016).

According to World Bank Group (2021), the Philippines is prone to natural

disasters, with estimation placing 60% of its land area and 74% of its population

as exposed to numerous hazards, including floods, typhoons, droughts,

earthquakes, tsunamis, and landslides.

This problem is also existent in the Barangay of Poblacion, Siocon

Zamboanga del Norte that had recently experienced Bagyong Kristine, in October

22, 2024 that greatly impacted the living residents in areas where floods are
 2

most likely to occur and harm the residents. Because of this, alarming systems

are being more enhanced.

According to the study that was conducted by Satria (2019) Climate

change is among the major problems of our day. As a result, regular floods

happen more frequently. prototypes, the researchers only utilized power banks

as main power source. Base on the study Satria which employs a water level

proximity sensor to detect water, which is the first step in the flood alarm system

analyzer's explanation. The water's height is the data that the flood detection

system analyzes. This data is used to determine whether or not there is a flood.

A message is sent to the GSM transmitter module, which relays it to the flood

alarm system through the GSM module in the receiver. Those who live close to

the flood have lit alarms from the flood alarm system installed in their residential

areas.

The researchers came up with a proposal to enhance Satria (2019) work

on a flood detector system that automatically notifies residents living within the

hazard zone with the use of solar panels; however, with the limitations of the

In contrast to Satria’s prototype, instead of using GSM module, this study

uses two different communication system which are the colored LEDs and a siren

and these materials will be the focus of this study. The said prototypes have two

bodies which will be the pipe. And lastly, instead of a solar panel, two power

banks are used.

 3

With this predicament the researchers thought of a way to help lessen this

kind of occurrence. The researchers propose a study called the “Flood Detection

Alarming System” also known as “FDAS” that automatically alarms the residents

living in a flooded area. Though it does not prevent floods to happen. However,

it aids to prevent disastrous occurrences for the residents.

The objective of this study is to determine if there is a significant difference

of the functionality of time detection in seconds in the orange to red level between

the two prototypes to determine which system works more efficiently in terms in

real-time flood occurrence.

This study is beneficial for it will aid and lessen the amount of danger that

the residents will experience. Furthermore, this study will implement better

influence to the residents to be more aware about their surroundings and could

help them prepare before evacuating.

The main goal of this study is to help both the community and residents

on responding quickly to an oncoming flood. Although this study cannot

automatically ensure safety however, it can aid and lessen the amount of

possible danger.
 4

(SOP) STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The crucial problem of quick and precise flood detection is addressed by

the prototype flood detection alarming system’s two bodies; the siren system and

the flood level monitor system. The system's main objective is to enhance early

warning capabilities to prevent behind schedule evacuations. The objective is to

promptly identify rising water levels in order to trigger alarms (by the Siren

System) that encourage evacuation and notify (by the colored LEDs, blue, yellow,

orange, red) the residents immediately. This technical solution seeks to ensure

proactive reactions and ultimately improve the safety and resilience of vulnerable

flood-prone locations in order to significantly reduce flood-related dangers.

1. What is the time detection (s) of flood level monitor system in orange to red level?

2. What is the time detection (s) of the siren system in orange to red level?

3. Is there a significant difference between the time detection (s) on the orange flood

level to red flood level using siren system and flood level monitor system?

Hypothesis/Assumption

H0: There is no significant difference between the time detection (s) on the orange

flood level to red flood level using siren system and flood level monitor system.
 5

METHOD

Research Design

Table 1. The overall time detection of the FDAS, Siren System

and Flood Level Monitor System in ORANGE to RED LEVEL

Trial Siren System Flood Level Monitor

System

T1 X x

T2 X x

T3 X x

T4 X x

T5 X x

T6 X x

T7 X x

T8 X x

T9 X x

T10 X x

Mean X x

The researchers used Two-Group Design because the prototypes were divided

into two independent variables: the Siren and Flood Level Monitor System’s

functionality in the orange to red flood level. And the dependent variable is the

time detection of the two prototypes in the orange to red flood level using Siren
 6

and Flood Level Monitor System. Since there is one container, we will not

simultaneously submerge the prototype and measure the data after.

 7

Research Locale / Environment

The study was held at Siocon National Science High School. This place

was selected to know the efficiency of the FDAS (Flood Detection Alarming

System) because it requires a lot of water. In addition, the researchers

experimented the two prototypes in ten trials consecutively in one 95L container

and utilized separate timers in hand.

There are two prototypes, and the gathering of data was conducted

simultaneously, which meant the gathering of the dependent variable was

accurately measured at the same time.

Construction Procedure of Flood Detection Alarming System

Construction of the Flood Level Monitor System

Prepare 19.1 inches long,

14.5 inches circumference
and 5.1 diameter pipe.

Prepare 5 color paints

(blue, yellow, orange, red
and white)
 8

Prepare two 9 by 9 inches

in length wooden plank
some strings and a 9 by 2
inches small wooden plank.

Construct it all together to

form a small mini box and
prepare thumb tacks and a
hinge then again construct
it all together.

Prepare 40 cm long male to

female jumper wires

Take the painted pipe and

prepare a mini drill. Then
drill up a small hole in the
PVC at each 4 colors. Make
it small and at the bottom
of each respective color.
 9

Prepare the constructed

box, then drill a small hole
in the middle of the box.

To secure it in place, grab

some metals and 8 screws.
The, place the box on top of
the PVC pipe then use the
metals and 8 screws to put
the box into place.

Place an Arduino Uno R3

on top of the drilled hole
and stick it with a hot glue
stick using a glue gun.
 10

Then connect all the wires

onto the Arduino Uno R3
(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5). Then
get a small jumper wire
male connector and
connect to the GND then
use a soldering iron, get
some copper wire and
connect the jumper wires to
the other end of the GND
connected wire using a
soldering iron.

Prepare 4 colored LEDs

(blue, yellow, orange, and
red), then grab a male to
female jumper wires then
cut the ends of the female
connector.

Connect the 4 male

connector to the digital
PWM (7,6,5,4). Then
connect another male
connector to the digital
PWM GND. Cut the end of
the male connector and
grab another 4 jumper
wires cut both its
connector then connect the
4 ends using a soldering
iron to the GND connected
wire.
 11

Place the colored LEDs

and use a glue gun. Then
its negative side to one
wire consequently that
are connected to the
digital PWM (7,6,5,4).

Connect the positive side to

the 4 wires consequently
that are connected to the
GND connected wire.

Grab the Arduino Uno R3

chord and plug it in.

Code the system, then

test it after testing to
some adjustments.
 12

Construction of the Siren System

Prepare 5 color paints

(blue, yellow, orange, red
and white)

In every 4 inches paint the

four layers starting from
the bottom with blue,
yellow, orange, and red.
After the 4 colors, paint
the remaining untouched
surface of the pipe with
color white.

Prepare 2 pieces 9 by 9
wooden planks and 8 pieces
9 by 2 small wooden planks.
Construct it to form a
square box, and put some
stickwell to make its bases
strong.
 13

Prepare the constructed box,

then drill a small hole at the
side of the pipe so that it
could be connected inside
the box

Prepare 3 f-m jumper wires.

Then, connect the f
connector to the (s)
connector of the water level
sensor then plug the m
connector to the A0 symbol
of the Arduino, connect
another f connector to the
(plus) symbol then connect
the m connector to the 5v
symbol, and for the last f
connector plug it to the
(minus) symbol then plug its
m connector to the GND of
the Arduino.

Get the 24v buzzer and

connect its red wire to the
digital pmw symbol 4, and
connect its black wire to
the other GND sysmbol of
the Arduino. Then stick the
top body of the buzzer to
the box and drill some
small holes aligning the
buzzer
 14

Prepare 10 single string

copper wire and solder each
wire to the sensors line.

Grab 10 screws then encircle

each screw to the copper
wires then stick glue the
screws.

If finished, code the system

and do some test.
 15

Robotic Design of the Flood Detection Alarming System

FLOOD LEVEL
SIREN SYSTEM MONITORING
SYSTEM

SIREN SYSTEM

FLOOD LEVEL MONITOR SYSTEM

 16

FDAS Functionality
Simulate a fake flood by
utilizing a glass
container and fill it with
water that will act like
arising flood

Ready a power bank, and

plug the Arduino Uno
chord from the Arduino to
the power bank. Then
slowly submerged the
prototypes individually
under the water.

Once the water reaches

the surface of the flood
level monitor system,
there are jumper wires
attached to each color.
And once the water
reaches the jumper wire
also known as sensor, the
connected LEDs of the
wire will light up.

When the water reaches the

orange surface of the Siren
System, the siren will alarm
in time intervals, and will
prolong its alarm the water
reaches the red level. And
the Buzzer will
automatically stop beeping
when the water decreases
onto the yellow to blue flood
level.
 17

Experimental Procedure

Prepare a glass container

that will help in simulate
flood. Prepare the
prototypes individually
and prepare the power
bank.

Fill in the glass container

with water, then ready a
timer to record time
detection before
experimenting.
Afterwards, slowly
submerge the prototype
inside the glass container

While the water is arising

and the prototypes are
lowered, record the timer
where the orange to red
level is detected by the
siren and the LEDs. Once
the water reaches the
orange level of the siren
system it will alarm in
time intervals, and will
prolong its alarm if the
water reaches the red
level. And on the Flood
Level Monitor System the
corresponding-colored
LEDs will lit up.

Record the detection with

a timer and repeat these
occurrences 10 times.
 18

Figure 1. Siren System Flow Chart

As the USB cable connects to the power bank, it turns the Arduino Uno
on then the copper wires will detect the measure of the water and to its
connected water level sensor to send a signal to the buzzer when it’s time to
produce sound.
 19

Figure 2. Flood Level Monitor System flowchart

Innovatus researchers first connected the USB cable of our monitoring

system to our power source (power bank); then, this now powered our Arduino

Uno R3 indicating our prototype is active and ready to monitor water arising

level through our jumper wire sensors. After its detection, the jumper wires

then send a signal to the LEDs which will light it up.

 20

Figure 3. Flood Level Monitor System Circuit Diagram

As seen in The Diagram below the system works using a power bank as a

power source. And jumper wires connected serve as a signal transmitter.

Firstly, there are wires connected to the chord 3, 4, 5, 6, that are connected to

the positive side of the LED’s and the negative are connected to the positive

side of the LED’s are connected to 100 ohms resistor that are jointly connected

in one wire that is plugged to the GND chord to perform a parallel circuit. Now

on the left side of the Arduino, four jumper wires connected to A4, A3, A2, A1

are jointly connected to one wire that is connected to the GND to transmit the

signal conduction of electricity of the arising water. Lastly, there is a single

jumper wire connected to chord A5, that is placed inside the body of the

prototype, its purpose is to gather more conduction of the water to transmit the

signal to the Arduino

 21

Figure 4. Siren System Circuit Diagram

As seen in the Diagram, the system works using a power bank as a

power source. And the jumper wires connected serves as a signal transmitter.

Firstly, a jumper wire is connected to the Arduino Chord A0, to the S chord of

the water level sensor, jumper wire is then also connected to the Uno Chord

GND that is connected to the sensor’s (-) chord and the last jumper wire is

connected to the Uno chord 5v, that is connected to the sensors (+) chord. This

construction supports the transmission of electricity to the Arduino, thus there

are 10 copper string wire that helps to accurately detect arising water once the
 22

water arises and the wires and the orange level, and prolong once the water

reaches the red level. This is possible due to the coding of the Arduino and the

buzzer’s positive chord 5 of the Arduino, and its’ negative side is connected to

the GND.

Statistical Treatment of Data

This study made use of Paired Samples T-Test as Statistical tool to

determine the significant difference between the time detection (in seconds) on

the orange flood level to red flood level using Siren System and Flood Level

Monitor System. The data was analyzed using Jamovi Statistical Tool.
 23

RESULTS

Table 2. The overall time detection in seconds (s) of the FDAS, Siren System and

Flood Level Monitor System in the ORANGE to RED LEVEL.

Trial Siren System Flood Level Monitor

System

T1 15.28 15.67

T2 12.96 16.04

T3 16.90 17.53

T4 15.87 17.96

T5 15.53 17.21

T6 15.59 17.70

T7 18.51 16.22

T8 20.70 17.60

T9 15.73 17.59

T10 13.90 15.35

Mean 16.12 16.89

Based on the data gathered, the time detection of the mean work of both

the Siren System in 16.12 seconds and the Flood Level Monitor System in 16.89

seconds shows quick time detection of the functionality of the Siren System in

detecting rising water in the orange to red level compared to the Flood Level

Monitor System.
 24

Table 3. Paired Samples T-Test

Statistic df p

Siren system Flood level Student’s t -1.22 9.00 0.255

monitor system

The computed T-Test value is -1.22, which is less than the p-value (0.255).

Since the p-value (0.255) is greater than 0.05, we fail to reject the null

hypothesis. This means that there is no statistically significant difference

between the Siren System and the Flood Level Monitor System in terms of the

measurable.
 25

DISCUSSION

In the Statement of the Problem (SOP) of this study, the objectives of the

two FDAS prototypes are to enhance early warning capabilities to prevent

behind-schedule evacuations and to promptly identify and give an accurate,

quick, and precise detection and alarm to the residents. However, the three

given research questions put in the statement of the problem that are essential,

as they will be the basis to prove that our prototypes are well-conditioned and

well-made have yet to be answered.

And so, in this discussion, the researchers will state how the results of

the experimentation have matched with the three research questions.

Moreover, in answering these research questions, it has been found that

the results of the experimentation matched the researchers’ expected outcome

of the trials.

Furthermore, in comparing this result to the prototypes of the study of

Satra (2019), it can be observed that both the FDAS prototypes and the

prototypes of Satria have achieved the same expected positive from the

researchers as it functioned well, indicating that the invented engineering

system is functional and well-conditioned.

In addition, there are still some differences between the study of Satria

and the present FDAS study, as the FDAS prototypes only utilize power banks
 26

as energy sources in contrast to solar panels used by Satria’s prototype. This

distinction highlights the varying approaches to energy sustainability in

engineering design. While both systems demonstrate effective functionality, the

choice of energy source may influence long-term viability and operational

efficiency.
 27

CONCLUSION

The mean work of the Flood Level Monitor System and the mean work of

the Siren System is based on the ten experimental trials that were conducted.

This gathered data was then programmed by the paired sample t-test using

Jamovi and translated to a lesser t-value of the p-value. And the p-value in this

study is greater than the standard p-value. Hence, the null hypothesis is

accepted.

This result signified that both the Flood Siren System and Flood Level

Monitor System exhibit reliable performance at red and orange flood levels

without any delays and errors in flood detection and alarming.

Based on the data collected, it can be concluded that both the Flood Level

Monitor System and the Siren System show quick time detection functionality in

terms of detecting rising water in the orange to red level. This indicates that both

systems are effective in monitoring flood conditions and can be relied upon for

timely alerts as it executes its operation well. Future studies may explore

additional factors, such as cost-effectiveness and ease of implementation, to

further assess the practicality of these systems in various environments.

 28

REFERENCE

Abdulrahman, Mangesh Koli, Umesh Kori, Ahmadakbar at International Journal of

Computer Science Trends and Technology (IJCST) – Volume 5 Issue 2, Mar – Apr

2017

Dhaval Patel, Ani Kyadaauto, 5th International & 26th All India Manufacturing

Technology, Design and Research Conference (AIMTDR 2014) December 12th–

14th, 2014, IIT Guwahati, Assam, India

Echendu, A. J. (2020). The impact of flooding on Nigeria’s sustainable development

goals(SDGs).

[Link]

6(1). [Link]

Istiven Appavoo, Anicet Marionneau, Michel Berducat, Benoit Merckx, Natacha

Olivier, Loic Cotten at SATT Grand Centre Irstea (National Research Institute of

Science and Technology for environment and Agriculture) 3 Alliance Forets Bois

Nicholls, R. J., Zanuttigh, B., Vanderlinden, J., Weisse, R., Silva, R. F., Hanson, S.,

Narayan, S., Hoggart, S. P. G., Thompson, R. F., De Vries, W., & Koundouri, P.

(2015). Developing a Holistic Approach to Assessing and Managing Coastal Flood

Risk. In Elsevier eBooks (pp. 9–53). [Link]

397310-8.00002-6
 29

Patrick Piper and Jacob Vogel published a paper on “Designing an Autonomous Soil Monitoring Ro-bot”

(IEEE - 2015).

Research and development in agriculture robotics: a perspective of digital farming by Redmond Ramin

Shamshiri, Cornelia Weltzien, Ibrahim A. Hameed, Ian J. Yule, Tony E. Grift, Siva K.

Balasundram, Lenka Pitonakova, Desa Ahmad, Girish Chowdhary (International Journal of

Agriculture and Biological Engineering).

Satria, D., Yana, S., Hidayat, T., Syahreza, S., Yusibani, E., & Munadi, R. (2019b). Application of GSM

communication system on flood alarm systems. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1232(1),

012023. [Link]

Thorat Swapnil V, Madhu L. Kasturi, Patil Girish V, Patil Rajkumar N International Research Journal of

Engineering and Technology (IRJET) Volume 04 Issue 09, 2017

V.M. Martin Vimal1, A. Madesh1, S. Karthick, A. Kannan, “Design and Fabrication of Multipurpose

Sowing Machine”, International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Applied Science (IJSEAS),

ISSN: 2395-3470, Volume-1, Issue-5, August 2015.

 30

APPENDICES

Appendix I
Permission letter

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region, IX, Zamboanga Peninsula
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ZAMBOANGA DEL NORTE
Siocon, Zamboanga del Norte
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

January 17, 2024

ENGR. JOSE MARLOWE T. ECHEM
NDRRMC
Poblacio, Siocon, Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines

Dear Sir,
I hope this letter finds you well. We are grade 9 students, from Siocon National Science
High School. Our current study focuses on our future prototype The Flood Detection
Alarming System that solely focuses about floods in our barangay. Our said prototype
will be needing crucial information such as the main functions about a siren and about
the signals when there is an unexpected incoming flood.
We are requesting authorization to speak with authorities in order to gather crucial
data, since the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC)
is a major participant in disaster planning and response actions. Our research's depth
and usefulness will be greatly enhanced by this data.
All collected data will be treated with the utmost confidentiality and used exclusively for
scholar purposes we assure you. Throughout the interview process, we can also
accommodate any restrictions or demands you see suitable.
We are confident that the information we gather will enhance catastrophic risk reduction
strategies in addition to furthering our own research, thus your cooperation is essential
to the success of our project. In addition to being thrilled to collaborate with the
MDRRMC, we sincerely appreciate your assistance in this case
Thank you for considering our request.

Sincerely yours,

MADEL B. PASTURAN DION DAVE C. LACPAO

Grade 9 STEM Student Grade 9 STEM Student

Noted By: Signed By:

HIVY R. BALOYO LOESTER M. BERCASIO

Research III - Teacher School Principal III
 31

Appendix 2

Cost and Materials

Unit Description Quantity Unit cost Amount

Packs Jumper Wire 1 242 242

M-M, F-M, F-F

Labor for Madel’s father 2 500 500

Labor for sir Mondido 2 1,500 1,500

Pcs. Lotus paint 7 35 245

Pcs. Thinner 2 60 120

Packs 220 ohms resistor 1 60 60

Pcs. Power bank 2 252 252

Pcs. Buzzer 2 187 187

Shipping fee 30 30

Shipping fee 100 100

Pcs. 2 inches Paint Brush 1 40 40

Pcs. 95 litter white container 1 600 600

Total Php

3,876

The expenses incurred in the construction of Flood Detection Alarming System.

 32

Material Quantity Description

Jumper wires 18 pc - 40 cm long

- 6 male – male

- 6 female – female

6 female – male

Arduino Uno R3 2 pc - Microcontroller: AT –

Rom 4

- DC Current per 1/0

Pin: 20 ma

- DC Current for 3.3 V

Pin: 50 ma

- Flash memory: 256 KB

of which 8 KB

- SRAM: 8 KB

Water Level Sensor 1 pc - Analog Voltage Signal,

Digital 3.3 V to 5V DC

Lm393 Comparator

Chip

- 3 pins

- PCB board size: 32mm x

14mm
 33

Prob Size: 60mm x

20mm

Big Buzzer 1 pc - SFM-20B

- DC3-24 V

- 3-24 V

95DB
LEDs (Blue, Yellow, 4 pc - 4 LEDs
Orange, Red)
5 mm

PVC Pipe 2 pc - 19 inches long

- 14.5 inches in

circumference

5.1 inches in diameter

Lotus Paint 4 pc - Color Blue, Yellow,

Orange and Red

- 25 – 30 m2/ 4 L

- Dry through 3 hours

Thickness: 40-50
microns/coat
Paint Brush 2 pc - 2 inches brush width

1 1⁄2 inches brush

width
 34

Spray Paint 2 pc - Color Blue and Black

500 ml

Hinges 3 pc
Woods
 35

Appendix 3

Ai Checker

Source: GPTZero | The Trusted AI Detector for ChatGPT, GPT-4, & More
 36

Appendix 4
Plagiarism Checker

Source: Plagiarism Checker - Free & Accurate with Percentage

([Link])