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Introduction to Python Programming

This document provides an introduction to Python programming, covering topics such as indentation, variables, basic data types, operators, expressions, built-in functions, and importing libraries. It explains the importance of indentation in defining code blocks, the concept of variables and their types, and outlines various data types along with their mutability. Additionally, it discusses built-in functions and how to import libraries, including both standard and third-party libraries.

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9 views5 pages

Introduction to Python Programming

This document provides an introduction to Python programming, covering topics such as indentation, variables, basic data types, operators, expressions, built-in functions, and importing libraries. It explains the importance of indentation in defining code blocks, the concept of variables and their types, and outlines various data types along with their mutability. Additionally, it discusses built-in functions and how to import libraries, including both standard and third-party libraries.

Uploaded by

sandhiyababu1511
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

PMDS508L - Python Programming

Module – 2 – Introduction to Python

Prepared by: Dr. Nandhini S, SAS

Topics covered:

• Indentation, Variables, Basice Data types, Operators and their


precedence
• Expressions
• Buil-in functions
• Importing from Libraries
Indentation:

• Python uses indentation to define blocks of code.


• Indentation is compulsory and usually 4 spaces.
Example:1
x = 25
if x > 15:
print("x is greater than 15")
if x % 2 == 1:
print("x is odd")
else:
print("x is even")
else:
print("x is 10 or less")
Variables:
• A variable stores a value in a named memory location.
• In Python no need to declare variable types, since it is dynamically taken
by Python.
Basic Data types:

Type Description Example


int Integer numbers x=20
float Decimal numbers Var=99.99
complex Complex numbers Z=3-4j
bool Boolean (True/False) flag = True
str String/Text Msg=”Hello”
list Mutable sequence x = [1, 2, 3]
tuple Immutable sequence y = (1, 2, 3)
set Unordered unique elements s = {1, 2, 3}
dict Key-value mapping d = {"a": 1}

Operators and their Precedence:

1. ()
2. **
3. +x, -x
4. *, /, //, %
5. +, -
6. Comparisons
7. not, and, or
Example:2
a = 10, b = 5, c = 2.

Evaluate: a + b * c ** 2 > 25 and not (a % c == 0 or b // c < 3)


Output: False
Example:3
x = 4, y = 3, z = 2
Evaluate: (x + y > z * 2) or not (x & y == 2) and x! = y
Output: True
Expressions:
An expression is a combination of values, variables, and operators that
evaluates to a result.
Mutability:
• Value of the object can be changed after creation. (Mutable)
• Value of the object cannot be changed once created. (Immutable)

Type Mutable

int No

float No

bool No
str No

tuple No

list Yes

dict Yes

set Yes

Example:4
x = 100
print(id(x)) # Prints the memory address

x = x +25
print(x)
print(id(x)) # Prints different memory address

Example:5
list1 = [3,4,5,6]
list1[0] = 2 # Modify element
[Link](7) # Add element
print(list1) # Output: [2,3,4,5,6,7]

Built-in Functions:

Function Purpose Example


print() Output to screen print("Hello World")

type() Check data type type(9.999)

len() Length of a len("India")


sequence
input() Accept user input input("Enter the
Name: ")
int(), str() Type conversion int("555")

abs() Absolute value abs(-77)

round() Rounding round(3.1756, 2)

max(), min() Max/Min of max(100,222, 23)


elements
sum() Sum of elements sum([11, 20, 3])
Importing from Libraries:
Example:6
# Import entire module
import math
print([Link](25))

# Import specific function


from math import pi, pow
print(pow(2, 3))

# Import with alias


import numpy as np
arr = [Link]([1, 2, 3])
print([Link](arr))

Python Libraries – Overview


Some Standard Libraries (Built-in)
• math, random, datetime, os, sys, statistics, json

Third-party Libraries (need pip install)


• numpy – numerical arrays
• pandas – data analysis
• matplotlib, seaborn – visualization
• scikit-learn – machine learning
• requests – HTTP requests
• flask, django – web development

How to Explore Libraries:


• List of Standard libraries: [Link]
• List of Third-party packages: [Link]
• View Installed packages: Run ”pip list” in terminal
• View all importable modules: Use `help("modules") in Python shell

==================== END ====================

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