HOLIDAY HOMEWORK

SUBJECT: GENERAL SCIENCE

DATE OF SUBMISSION:01/09/2025

1. RECORD BOOK
PHYSICS:
1. Determination of the focal length of: i) Concave mirror ii) Convex lens by obtaining the image of
a distant object.
2. Tracing the path of a ray of light passing through a rectangular glass slab for different angles of
incidence. Measure the angle of incidence, angle of refraction, angle of emergence and interpret
the result.
3. Tracing the path of the rays of light through a glass prism.

CHEMISTRY:
1. Finding the pH of the following samples using pH paper/universal indicator: a. Dilute HCl
b. NaOH solution
c. Dilute CH3COOH
d. H2O
e. Dil. NaHCO3 solution.
2. Studying the properties of acids and bases(HCl & NaOH) on the basis of their reaction with:
a. Litmus solution(Red/Blue)
b. Zinc
c. Solid sodium carbonate
3. Performing and observing the following reactions and classifying them into:
a. Combination reaction – Action of water on quicklime
b. Decomposition reaction – Action of heat on ferrous sulphate crystals
c. Displacement reaction – Iron nails kept in copper sulphate reaction
 d. Double displacement reaction – Reaction between sodium sulphate and barium chloride
Solution.
4. Observing the action of Zn, Fe and Cu and Al on the following salt solutions:
a. I) ZnSO4(aq) ii) FeSO4(aq) iii) CuSO4(aq) iv) Al2(SO4)3(aq)
b. Arranging Zn, Fe, Cu and Al(metals) in the decreasing order of reactivity based on the above
result

BIOLOGY:
1. Preparing a temporary mount of a leaf peel to show stomata
2. Experimentally show that carbon dioxide is given out during respiration.
3. Studying (a) binary fission in Amoeba, and (b) budding in yeast and Hydra with the help of prepared
slides.
4. Identification of the different parts of an embryo of a dicot seed (Pea, gram or red kidney bean).

2. Question paper completion

HOLIDAY HOMEWORK-SAMPLE PAPER

GENERAL SCIENCE
Name: Max. Marks: 40 marks
Class: X Duration: 1 ½ Hrs.
Sec:
General instructions:
Read the following instructions very carefully and strictly follow them:
i. This question paper comprises of 23 questions. All questions are compulsory.
ii. This question paper is divided into five sections- A, B, C, D and E.
iii. Section A – Question No. 1 to 16 are multiple choice questions. Each question carries 1 mark.
iv. Section B- Question Nos. 17 and 18 are very short answer-type questions. Each question carries 2
marks. Answers to these questions should be in the range of 30 to 50 words.
v. Section C- Question No. 19 is a short-answer type question. The question carries 3 marks. Answers to
this question should be in the range of 50 to 80 words.
vi. Section D- Question No. 20 is a long-answer type question. The question carries 5 marks. Answers to
this question should be in the range of 80 to 120 words.
vii. Section E – Question No. 21-23 are source-based / case-based units of assessment carrying 4 marks
with sub-parts.
viii. There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in some sections. Only one of
the alternatives has to be attempted in such questions.

SECTION - A
Select and write the most appropriate option out of the four options given
for each of the questions, no. 1 – 16. 16x1=16
1. A fish in a pond looks closer to the surface than it really is. Which 1
phenomenon explains this?
(A) reflection
(B) diffraction
(C) refraction
(D) internal reflection

2. An object is placed 10 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 20 1

cm. The image formed is:
(A) real, inverted, and magnified
(B) virtual, erect, and magnified
(C) real, inverted, and diminished
(D) virtual, erect, and diminished

3. Which of the following phenomena of light are involved in the formation 1

of a rainbow?

(a) Reflection, refraction and dispersion

(b) Refraction, dispersion and total internal reflection
(c) Refraction, dispersion and internal reflection
(d) Dispersion, scattering and total internal reflection

4. If the image in a concave mirror appears magnified and erect, where is the 1
object placed?

(A) between focus and pole

(B) at the centre of curvature
(C) beyond the centre of curvature
 (D) at the focus

5. The danger signals installed at the top of tall buildings are red in colour. 1
These can be easily seen from a distance because, among all other colours,
the red light

(a) is scattered the most by smoke or fog

(b) is scattered the least by smoke or fog
(c) is absorbed the most by smoke or fog
(d) moves fastest in the air

6. Identify the correct statement about the following reaction: H2S + SO2 → 1
H2O + S.

(A) H2S is an oxidising agent and SO2 is a reducing agent

(B) H2S is a reducing agent
(C) SO2 is oxidizing agent and H2S is reducing agent
(D) SO2 is oxidised to sulfur

7. What happens when calcium is treated with water? 1

(I) It does not react with water
(II) It reacts violently with water
(III) t reacts less violently with water
(IV) Bubbles of hydrogen gas formed stick to the surface of the calcium

(A) I and IV
(B) II and III
(C) I and II
(D) III and IV

8. A solution turns red litmus blue, its pH is likely to be: 1

(A) 1
(B) 4
(C) 5
(D) 10
9. Given below is the diagram of a nephron. 1

Which row of the following table correctly shows where filtration and
selective reabsorption occur?
Filtration Selective
reabsorption
(A) P Q
(B) Q S
(C) Q R
(D) P R

10. During cellular oxidation of glucose, ATP is produced along with the 1
formation of other products in this reaction. Which of the following events
is associated with the production of maximum ATP molecules per
molecule of glucose during this process?
Synthesis of:

(A) ethanol in yeast

(B) lactic acid in muscle cells.
(C) carbon dioxide in yeast cells.
(D) carbon dioxide in human cells.

11. Which of the following adaptations in herbivores helps in the digestion of 1

cellulose?

(A) Longer large intestine

(B) Smaller large intestine
(C) Smaller small intestine
(D) Longer small intestine
12. During which of the following stages of the circulation of blood in a 1
normal human being, the oxygenated blood pumped to all parts of the
body?

(A) contraction of the left atrium

(B) contraction of the left ventricle
(C) relaxation of the right atrium
(D) relaxation of the right ventricle

13. Riya marked a structure as 'P' in the figure of stomata as shown below: 1

Which of the following processes CANNOT occur if the structure 'P' is

blocked?

(A) transpiration and photosynthesis

(B) transpiration, respiration and photosynthesis
(C) transportation and photosynthesis
(D) transpiration and respiration

For Question 14,15 and 16, two statements are given- one labelled as
Assertion(A) and the other labelled as Reason(R). Select the correct
answer to these questions from the codes (A), (B), (C) and (D) as given
below.
(A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true
14. Assertion(A): A person with myopia can see nearby objects clearly, but 1
cannot see distant objects clearly.
Reason(R): In myopia, the image of a distant object is formed in front of
the retina.

15. Assertion(A): Carbonic acid is a weak acid. 1

Reason(R): It ionises completely in aqueous solution

16. Assertion (A): The purpose of making urine is to filter out undigested 1
food from the intestine.
Reason (R): Kidneys filter the waste and produce urine.

SECTION – B
Questions no. 17 and 18 are very short answer-type questions.
17. (a) State the function of each of the following parts of the human eye : 2
(i) Cornea (ii) Iris (iii) Pupil (iv) Retina
OR
(b) (i)Define the term focal length of a lens.
(ii)The radius of curvature of a spherical lens is 20 cm. What is its focal
length?

18. 2 mL of sodium hydroxide solution is added to a few pieces of zinc metal 2

in a test tube. When the contents are warmed, a gas evolves, which is
bubbled through a soap solution before testing.
(a)Write the equation of the chemical reaction involved and the test to
detect the gas.
(b)Name the gas which will be evolved when the same metal reacts
with a dilute solution of a strong acid
SECTION - C
Question no. 19 is a short-answer type question.

19. (a) What are amphoteric oxides? 3

(b) Explain why Al2O3 is called an amphoteric oxide with the help of
chemical equations?
OR
(b) In the formation of compound between two atoms A and B, A loses
two electrons and B gains one electron.
i) What is the nature of bond between A and B?
ii) Suggest the formula of the compound formed between Aand B.
 b) On similar lines explain the formation of MgCl2 molecule.

SECTION - D
Question no. 20 is a long-answer type question

5
20. (a)State how the concentration of auxin stimulates the cells to grow longer on the side
of the shoot, which is away from the light.

(b) What is a synapse? In a neuron cell, how is an electrical impulse created, and what
is the role of the synapse in this context?

(c)Name the hormone which is released into the blood when the sugar level rises.
Name the organ which produces this hormone and its effect on the blood sugar level.
Also mention the digestive enzymes secreted by this organ, with one function of each.

SECTION - E
Question numbers, 21,22, and 23 are source-based / case-based questions. Read
the case carefully and answer the questions that follow

21. Tiny droplets of water are responsible for the natural spectrum formed in the sky
after a rain shower.
a)What is that spectrum known as?
b) Draw a labelled diagram to show the formation of a rainbow.
c)Why don’t we observe similar band of colours when light passes through a glass
slab?
OR
c)A rainbow is always formed in the sky after a rain shower and in the same
direction as [Link] this statement true? Justify your answer

4
22. A reddish brown coloured metal, used in electrical wires, when powdered and
heated strongly in an open china dish, turns black. When hydrogen gas is passed
over this black substance, it regains its original colour. Based on the above
information, answer the following questions.

(a)Name the metal and the black coloured substance formed.

(b)Name the type of reaction when the metal is heated strongly
(c) (i) Write balanced chemical equations for both reactions.
 OR
(c) (ii)What is the difference between a combination reaction and a
decomposition reaction?

4
23. Respiration is a metabolic process that occurs in all organisms. It is a
biochemical process that occurs within the cells of organisms. Like other living
organisms, plants also exchange gases with their environment. However, plants
do not possess any transport system for the gases. Different parts of plants
exchange gases independently. The gases move entirely by diffusion. Different
parts of the plant respire at different rates. Energy liberated during the oxidative
breakdown of respiratory substrate is partly stored in ATP. The rest is dissipated
as heat.

(a)All plants give out oxygen during the day and carbon dioxide during the night.
Do you agree with this statement? Give a reason.
(b)Why do we get cramps during vigorous muscular activity?
(c) (i) Why is it necessary to provide aeration for germinating seeds?
OR
(c) (ii)How are the alveoli designed to maximise the exchange of gases?

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Physics Q:1, Q2, Q:3, Q:4, Q:5, Q:14, Q:17, Q:21

Chemistry Q:6, Q:7,Q:8, Q:15,Q:18, Q:19, Q:22
Biology Q:9, Q:10, Q:11, Q:12, Q:13,Q:16, Q:20, Q:23