SOCIAL

PLANNING
GROUP 1
Social Planning
Social planning is a process of
assessing and addressing social
needs and issues through the
development of policies and
programs. It involves the
collaboration of individuals,
organizations, and government
entities to identify, analyze, and
respond to social challenges facing
a community.
Principles of
Social Planning
The first principle is about
fairness. We want to make sure
that everyone in the community
benefits from the policies and
programs, especially those who
might not have as much power
or resources. We want to create
a community that is fair and
just.
Principles of
Social Planning
The second principle is about
involving people in the community.
We want to make sure that
everyone who is affected by the
social issue is involved in the
planning process. This way, people
who might have valuable insights
or ideas can contribute to finding
a solution
Principles of
Social Planning
The third principle is about
thinking about the future. We
want to create policies and
programs that are sustainable,
meaning they won't cause
problems for future generations.
We need to think about how our
decisions today might affect
people in the future.
Principles of
Social Planning
The fourth principle is about working
together. We need to collaborate with
different people and organizations in
the community to create effective
solutions. By working together, we can
make sure that everyone's voices are
heard and that we are using all the
resources available to us.
Steps in Social
Planning
[Link] the problem: The first step is to
figure out what the problem is. This
means talking to people in the
community, doing research, and looking
at data to understand what the issue is
and how it affects people.

[Link] goals: Once we know what the

problem is, we need to set clear goals and
objectives for what we want to achieve.
This helps us stay focused and measure
our progress.
Steps in Social
Planning
[Link] resources and obstacles: Next, we
need to look at what resources we have and
what obstacles we might face. This could
include things like funding, staff, and
regulations that could affect our ability to
implement our plan.

[Link] up with ideas: We need to brainstorm

different ideas for how to address the
problem. This means considering different
approaches and interventions that could be
effective, and evaluating them based on how
practical, feasible, and sustainable they are.
Steps in Social
Planning
[Link] the plan into action: Once we have a
plan, we need to put it into action. This
means implementing the strategies we've
developed and monitoring our progress to
see if we're achieving our goals.

[Link] and improve: Finally, we need to

evaluate how well our plan is working and
make adjustments as needed. This means
looking at data, getting feedback from the
community, and making changes to
improve the plan and achieve better
outcomes.
 Tools and
Techniques
Needs Assessment: To figure out what people in a
1 community need, social planners often gather
data and talk to people to identify what's not
being met

2 Stakeholder Engagement: When making plans, it's

important to talk to people who are affected by
social issues. This helps planners understand what
people need and how policies might impact them.

3 SWOT Analysis: A SWOT analysis is a way to look

at the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and
threats of a plan. This helps planners to develop
strategies that make the most of their strengths
and opportunities while addressing their
weaknesses and threats.
 Tools and
Techniques
Cost-Benefit Analysis: A cost-benefit analysis
4 helps planners to understand the costs and
benefits of a proposed policy or program.
This helps them make decisions about where
to allocate resources.

Logic Model: A logic model is a way to map

5 out the inputs, activities, outputs, and
outcomes of a program or intervention. This
helps planners to understand what resources
they need and to evaluate the effectiveness of
the program.

Monitoring and Evaluation: Monitoring and

6
evaluation is all about collecting data to see if a
program is working. This helps planners figure
out what's working well and where there's room
for improvement.
 Limited resources – Insufficient funding or manpower
can make it difficult to develop and implement
effective policies and programs.

Challenges in
Political constraints – Political pressures and
bureaucracy may limit planners’ ability to create
Social Planning evidence-based, community-responsive initiatives.

Resistance to change – Stakeholders or institutions

may oppose new approaches, slowing down or
blocking reforms.
 Social planning is essential for addressing
complex societal issues by creating policies that
reflect community needs. It relies on
community engagement, evidence-based
decisions, and stakeholder collaboration.
Despite challenges like limited resources,
Conclusion political barriers, and resistance to change,
innovative and cooperative approaches can
overcome these hurdles. Ultimately, social
planning advances social justice, reduces
inequality, and enhances quality of life in
communities.
 1. Friedmann, J. (1987). Planning in the public
domain: From knowledge to action. Princeton
University Press.
2. Healey, P. (2017). Making better places: The
planning project in the twenty-first century.
References Palgrave Macmillan.
3. Hillier, J., & Healey, P. (2017). Introduction to
social planning. Routledge.
4. Innes, J. E., & Booher, D. E. (2010). Planning
with complexity: An introduction to
collaborative rationality for public policy.
Routledge.
5. Patton, M. Q. (2018). Qualitative research and
evaluation methods: Integrating theory and
practice. Sage publications.
[Link] Nations. (2015). Transforming our
Thank you,
and
Godbless!
 Home Innovations Benefits Our Work Contact Us

Sustainable
Development
GROUP 2

ABAÑO, KEVIN
CAMRAL, KYCEL V.
HERMOSO, JENNY BHABE'S
RUFIN, MARIA JECEL
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Gro Harlem
Brundtland
-Is a Norwegian politician in the Labour Party,
who served three terms as the prime minister
of Norway (1981, 1986-1989, and 1990-1996), as
the leader of her party from 1981 to 1992.

- She's director-general of the World Health

Organization from 1998 to 2003.

- Also known for having chaired the

Brundtland Commission which presented the
Brundtland Report on sustainable
[Link].
 Home Innovations Benefits Our Work Contact Us

What is
Sustainable
Development ?
The Brundtland Definition (1987)

"Sustainable development is development that

meets the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future generations to
meet their own needs."
 Home Innovations Benefits Our Work Contact Us

Example of Sustainable Development

Wind Energy
Wind energy is energy harnessed from the motion
of wind using wind turbines or windmills. Wind
energy is renewable, which means it's never-ending
and can be used to substitute energy at the grid.
This makes it a good sustainable development
practice.
 Home Innovations Benefits Our Work Contact Us

Example of Sustainable Development

Solar Energy
This is energy harnessed from the sun using solar
panels. It's advantageous since it's absolutely free
and its supply is infinite. These factors make it
beneficial to consumers and good for Mother
Nature because it doesn't contribute to the emission
of greenhouse gasses.
 Home Innovations Benefits Our Work Contact Us

Example of Sustainable Development

Green Space
Green spaces are locations where plants and
animals are left to flourish. Parks also fall into the
category of green spaces. Green spaces provide
people a remarkable opportunity to take pleasure in
outdoor recreation, more so in big cities, where
resting space is hard to come by.
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Environmental Sustainability

•Protection of ecosystem and biosphere

•Increased quality of air, land & water

•Better management of waste & pollution

•Respect & protection for all species flora, fauna, marine sp

Key Components of Sustainability
•Measures to ensure resource sustainability and harmony

The Three Pillars of •Protection of marine resources

Sustainability
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Economic Sustainability

•Opportunities for growth

•Increased GDP and benefits

•System stability and security

Key Components of Sustainability •Green jobs, eradication of unemployment

The Three Pillars of •Prevention of practices which misuse resources.

Sustainability •Regulation of over-exploitation and harmful externalities

 Home Innovations Benefits Our Work Contact Us

Social Sustainability

•Participation and Inclusion of everyone

•Eradication of poverty and exclusion

•Food security
Key Components of Sustainability
•Equitable distribution of resources
The Three Pillars of
Sustainability •Better life chances and opportunities

•Protection from exploitative activities

 Wardiere Inc. Home Innovations Benefits Our Work Contact Us

United
Nations
Sustainable
Development
Goals (SDGs)

Start In 2015 Goals In 2030

During the World Summit on The Sustainable Development

Sustainable Development on 25 Goals (SDGs) aim to transform
September 2015, the UN adopted the our world. They are a call to
2030 Agenda, a set of 17 Sustainable action to end poverty and
Development Goals (SDGs). The SDGsinequality, protect the planet, and
apply to all UN Member States, ensure that all people enjoy
including France. health, justice and prosperity. It is
critical that no one is left behind.
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Threats to Our Planet

Climate Change Deforestation

Environmental
Biodiversity Loss Pollution
Challenges
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Barriers to
Sustainable
Economic
Challenges
Growth

High Initial Costs Balancing Economic Growth with Unequal Distribution of

Environmental Protection Resources and Benefits
One of the major economic Many countries, especially developing Sustainable development programs
challenges of sustainable ones, aim for rapid economic growth often do not benefit everyone
development is the high initial to reduce poverty and improve living equally. Urban or wealthier areas
cost of implementing standards. However, this growth usually have better access to clean
environmentally friendly often leads to environmental harm, technologies, green infrastructure, or
technologies and systems. such as deforestation, pollution, and education about sustainability, while
overuse of natural resources. poorer or rural communities are left
behind.
 Home Innovations Benefits Our Work Contact Us

Social Exclusion and Marginalization

This involves the exclusion of certain groups

Conflict and Violence
Social
Challenges
Conflict and violence disrupt lives,
from mainstream society due to factors like destroy infrastructure, and create
race, ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, widespread suffering. They
disability, or caste. This leads to undermine development and create
discrimination, limited opportunities, and long-term instability.
increased vulnerability.
 Home Innovations Benefits Our Work Contact Us

Solutions for
Sustainable
Development Strategies for a Better Future

Renewable Energy Circular Economy Green Infrastructure Eco-Friendly Product

A circular economy minimizes waste and Green infrastructure utilizes Promoting and using eco-friendly
Transitioning to renewable energy maximizes resource utilization. This
sources (solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, natural systems and processes to products reduces the environmental
approach moves away from the traditional provide environmental services impact of consumption.
biomass) is paramount for mitigating "take-make-dispose" linear model toward a
climate change and ensuring energy closed-loop system where resources are and enhance urban resilience.
security. kept in use for as long as possible, then
recovered and regenerated at the end of
each service life.
 Home Innovations Benefits Our Work Contact Us

Policy and Global Action

Government organizations are essential for achieving

Role of Governments
sustainable development. Their role involves creating and
implementing effective policies at national and international
levels, fostering collaboration, and ensuring accountability to

& Organizations
achieve the global sustainable development goals.
 Home Innovations Benefits Our Work Contact Us

Reducing Carbon Footprint Advocacy & Awareness

Sustainable Consumption
represents the total amount of greenhouse gases generated by Individuals can contribute to sustainable development by raising
our actions. involves making conscious choices about the goods and services
awareness and advocating for change:
we consume, considering their environmental and social impacts.

How Everyone

Role of
Can Contribute
Our role in sustainable development is to ensure that the Earth’s resources

Individuals
are used responsibly and that our actions do not have a negative impact
on the environment. This means reducing our own waste, conserving
energy and water, and engaging in activities that promote the health of our
environment. Sustainable development is a process of using resources in a
way that preserves them for future generations.
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Thank You
STANDBY
PaRTICipaToRy
Development

Presented by:
Presented by: Group
Group 3
3
 1 Introduction 4 Critiques

List
of 2 Core Concepts 5 Conclusion
Contents

3 Key Elements 6 References

Definition

PARTICIPATION
Participation refers to the involvement of
significant number of person in situations or
action that enhance their well being.

Tends to give more attention to decentralized

development and recognition of the end to
understand and use local approach to
development ( Adebo , 2000 )
Definition

DEVELOPMENT

Development is a long participatory process of

social change in the society whose objective is
the material and social progress for the majority
of population through a better understanding of
their environment. ( Rogers, 1990 )
Definition

PARTICIPATORY Development

Emphasizes the active involvement and

participation of individuals and communities in
the decision-making processes and
implementation of the development projects
and programs that affect their lives.
Definition

PARTICIPATORY Development

It seeks to empower communities and

promote their ownership, agenda and self-
determination in the development
process.
Definition

PARTICIPATORY Development
Participatory development refers to community
involvement that means people who have both
the right and duty to participate in solving their
own problems, havea greater responsibilities in
assesing their needs, mobilizing local resources
and suggesting new solutions.
Proponents

Robert Chambers

A development practitioner and researcher, is often

regarded as a leading figure in Participatory Development.
His influential work, including the book "Whose Reality
Counts? Putting the First Last," emphasizes the
importance of listening to and understanding the
perspectives of local communities in development efforts.
Proponents

Orlando Fals-Borda

A Colombian sociologist and one of the founders of

Participatory Action Research (PAR), contributed to the
participatory approach by promoting research methods
that involve communities in the research process. His work
includes "Knowledge and People's Power: Lessons with
Peasants in Nicaragua, Mexico, and Colombia.”
Proponents

Paulo Freire

Primarily known for his contributions to critical pedagogy,

his ideas on participatory education have influenced
Participatory Development. His work, including "Pedagogy
of the Oppressed," advocates for empowering
marginalized communities through participatory learning
and decision-making.
Core concepts

Two Perspectives that can Define

Participatory Development:

Social movement perspective

defines participation as the mobilization of people

to eliminate unjust hierarchies of and knowledge,
power, and economic distribution.
Is when primary stakeholders capable and willing to
initiate the process and take part in the analysis
Core concepts

Two Perspectives that can Define

Participatory Development:

Institutional perspective

Defines as participation as the reach and inclusion

of inputs by the design and implementation of the
development projects.
 Stages of a Participatory Development
Project from an Institutional Perspective

Research Stage Design Stage

is where the defines the actual

development activities.
problem is accurately
defined.
 Stages of a Participatory Development
Project from an Institutional Perspective

Implementation Evaluation Stage

Stage
participation ensures that
the most significant
is when the planned
changes are voiced,
intervention is brought to common
implemented. attention and assessed.
Key Elements

Ownership

Community members and stakeholders

take an active role in the program, helping
shape decisions and take responsibility.
This builds commitment and long-term
success.
Key Elements

Heterogeneity

Communities are diverse. Programs

must consider different groups’
needs (like gender, age, income) to
ensure fairness and inclusiveness.
Key Elements

Knowledge and Experience

Local people have valuable

knowledge. Combining their
experience with expert input creates
more relevant and effective
programs.
Key Elements

Value-Driven

Programs should reflect shared

values like respect, fairness, and
justice not just focus on results but
also on doing what’s right.
Key Elements

System Approach
Programs must look at the whole
picture how social, economic, and
environmental factors are
connected to solve root problems
and create lasting impact.
Critiques

Time-Consuming and Resource-Intensive:

Participatory development processes can be

time-consuming and resource-intensive. This can
be a challenge for development agencies and
governments with tight budgets and deadlines,
leading to the prioritization of quicker, top-down
approaches.
 Critiques

Tokenism and Manipulation:

Critics argue that in some cases, participatory

development processes can become tokenistic, with
communities being involved in a superficial or
manipulated manner.
Decision-making power may still reside largely
with external agencies, limiting the genuine
impact of community participation.
Critiques

Power Imbalances:
Power imbalances within communities can affect
the effectiveness of participatory development.
In some cases, certain groups or individuals
within the community may dominate decision-
making processes, marginalizing vulnerable or
less powerful groups.
Conclusion

When talking about participatory approaches and

methods today, we are not talking about a fashion
or a vogue. We are discussing field-tested
approaches developed on the basis of scientific
evidence and practical experience. These
approaches have been fine-tuned and further
developed in response to changing demands from
local people, governments, development workers
and researches.
References
In **Rahmann & Aksoy** (Eds.), Building Organic Bridges* (4th ISOFAR
Scientific Conference, Istanbul, Oct 13–15, 2014).
Koopmans, C. J., van Veluw, K., & Wijnands, F. G. (2014).**
*Participatory development as a way to innovations: five key elements
for success*.
B. (2022, July 4). What do you understand by the term development-
Would all sections of society benefit from such a definition of
development- [Link]
understand-by-the-tem-development-would-all-sections-of-society-
benefit from/#:-text-Development%20is%20a%20process%20that,
shows%20the%20basic%20need%20a pproach.
THANK
YOU
GOAL-ORIENTED
PROJECT
MANAGEMENT
Presented by: Group 4
WHAT IS PROJECT
MANAGEMENT?

Project Management is the application of

knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to
meet project requirements. It involves
planning, executing, and controlling tasks to
achieve specific objectives within defined
time, cost, and quality constraints.
WHAT IS GOAL-ORIENTED
PROJECT MANAGEMENT?

Goal-oriented project management

emphasizes achieving clearly defined
outcomes. It treats the project as a
purposeful effort driven by specific goals,
ensuring all activities are aligned with
desired results.
RELEVANCE TO PROGRAM
DEVELOPMENT In program development, goal-
oriented project management
ensures that every project
undertaken contributes
meaningfully to the program's
broader purpose. It helps
maintain focus, streamline
resources, and ensure
accountability toward results.
KEY CONCEPTS OF
GOAL-ORIENTED
PROJECT
MANAGEMENT
 KEY CONCEPTS
Project as a Goal-Driven System Importance of Goal alignment
Project exist to achieve Aligning project activities
specific objectives. Every with program and
task, resources, and decision organizational goals avoids
should move the project wasted efforts and ensures
closer to its defined goals. meaningful impact.

Outcome-Based vs.
SMART Goals Process-Based Approaches
SMART (Specific, Measurable,
Goal-oriented projects
Achievable, Relevant, Time-
prioritize results (outcome)
bound) goals help teams stay
rather than just completing
focused and track progress
tasks (processes).
effectively.
PROJECT
MANAGEMENT
PHASES
A. PROJECT DEFINITION
Establish what the project is all about.

B. PLANNING
Break the project into manageable tasks and
create a step by step roadmap.

WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE (WBS)

- a tool that breaks down a project into smaller,
manageable tasks to help organize and complete
the wok efficiently.
C. EXECUTION
Carry out the actual work to meet project deliverables.

D. MONITORING AND CONTROL

Track progress and make changes as needed to
stay aligned with the project goals.

GOAL RELATED INDICATORS

-the specific measurements that help determine
wether the main project goals are being
achieved.

E. CLOSURE
Wrap up the project and assess if goals were achieved.
ROLE IN PROGRAM
DEVELOPMENT
AND
MANAGEMENT
 Aligning Program Outcomes Enabling Accountability and
with Organizational Goals Transparency
-Defines roles and tracks
-Ensures that project progress toward goals
objectives directly support for clear reporting.
the broader mission.

Promoting Efficient use of Encouraging Stakeholder

Resources Involvement and Shared Vision

-Focuses time, budget, and -Involving stakeholders in

manpower on tasks that goal-settting builds
contribute to clear ownership and
outcomes. cooperation.
 CHALLENGES AND
CONSIDERATIONS
1. SETTING REALISTIC AND MEASURABLE
GOALS

2. ADJUSTING GOALS IN DYNAMIC

ENVIRONMENTS

3. BALANCING FLEXIBILITYAND FOCUS

 CONCLUSION
In conclusion, goal-oriented project management is
essential for delivering meaningful and
measurable results, especially in program
development. By emphasizing SMART goals and
aligning every phase of the project with clear
outcomes, organizations can ensure effectiveness,
accountability, and continuous improvement.
 REFERENCE:
Larson, E. W., & Gray, C. F. (2021). Project
Management: The Managerial Process (8th ed.).
McGraw-Hill Education.
THANK
YOU
GENDER AND
WOMEN IN
DEVELOPMENT
Members:
DAISOG, JING
FLORES, GWYNETH
PITOGO, YNAH LOU
MONSANTO, WENG
 GENDER SEX
“GENDER” ATTRIBUTED BY "SEX IS BIOLOGICALLY
A GIVEN CULTURE TO DETERMINED. IT IS "THE
WOMEN AND MEN. THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF
TERM IMPLIES THE ONE'S REPRODUCTIVE
CULTURAL ROLES ORGANS THAT IS USED TO
EXPECTED OF A PERSON. ASSIGN SEX AT BIRTH."
GENDER ANALYSIS IS A METHODOLOGY
THAT BOTH:

- Describes existing gender relations in a particular

environment, ranging from within households or
firms to a larger scale of community, ethnic group,
or nation.

- Organizes and interprets, in a systematic way,

information about gender relations to make clear
the importance of gender differences for
achieving development objectives.
GENDER ASSESSMENT
Gender Assessment examines how a program
or project addresses and responds to gender
disparities and inequalities through its
objectives, activities, and policies

GENDER MAINSTREAMING
is the process of incorporating a gender
perspective into policies, strategies,
programs, project activities, and
administrative functions, as well as into the
institutional culture of an organization.
GENDER EQUALITY
Gender Equality is the state or condition that
affords women and men equal enjoyment of
human rights, socially valued goods,
opportunities, and resources.

GENDER EQUITY
Gender Equity is the process of being fair
to women andmen.
GENDER- BASED VIOLENCE
Gender-Based Violence is violence
derived from gender norms and roles as
well as from unequal power relations
between women and men.

GENDER STEREOTYPES
Gender Stereotypes are ideas that
people have on masculinity and
femininity
FAIR LANGUAGE
Is a language used with
intention of reducing
gender bias in one's mental
representation, or mental
understand. of an idea.
 SEXIST VS. NON SEXIST
USAGE ALTERNATIVES
-MAN
-WORKMEN
-BUSINESSMAN
-SALESMAN
-DELIVERY BOY
- SALESMAN
 USE OF PRONOUNS
THE PLURAL FORM MAY BE SUBSTITUTED.

EXAMPLE: (INSTEAD OF) THE EMPLOYER MUST SUBMIT HIS PAPER ON TIME.

(WE CAN SAY/ WRITE) :

SEX ROLE STEREOTYPING

• IDENTIFY BOTH MEN AND WOMEN IN THE SAME WAY WHEN IT COMES TO PROFESSION OR EMPLOYMENT.

EXAMPLES: STEWARDESS/ STEWARD- FLIGHT ATTENDANT

- MALE NURSE- NURSE

• DO NOT REPRESENT WOMEN OR MEN AS OCCUPYING ONLY CERTAIN JOBS OR ROLES.

• TREAT MEN AND WOMEN IN A PARALLEL MANNER.

EXAMPLES:
 WOMEN IN
DEVELOPMENT (WID)
- WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT (WID) IS A DEVELOPMENT APPROACH THAT EMERGED IN THE 1970S.
THE WID APPROACH SAW THE PROBLEM AS THE EXCLUSION OF WOMEN FROM DEVELOPMENT
PROGRAMMES AND APPROACHES.
- AS A RESULT, THE SOLUTION WAS SEEN AS INTEGRATING WOMEN INTO
SUCH PROGRAMMES.
- THE WID FRAMEWORK HIGHLIGHTS THE NEED TO ADDRESS GENDER INEQUALITY BY
FOCUSING SPECIFICALLY ON WOMEN AND INCREASING THEIR ACCESS TO EDUCATION,
EMPLOYMENT, AND PARTICIPATION IN DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS.
 WOMEN AND
DEVELOPMENT (WAD)
- AS A RESULT OF CRITICISMS OF THE WID APPROACH, THE WOMEN AND DEVELOPMENT
(WAD) APPROACH AROSE IN THE LATTER PART OF THE 1970S.
- ADOPTING A MARXIST FEMINIST APPROACH, THE MAIN ARGUMENT OF WAD WAS THAT WOMEN HAD
ALWAYS BEEN PART OF THE DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES. WID APPROACH THAT PLACED EMPHASIS ON
INTEGRATING WOMEN INTO DEVELOPMENT WAS NOT CORRECT. WE MUST EXAMINE AND CHANGE THE
STRUCTURES OF INEQUALITY.
- THE MAIN FOCUS OF WAD IS ON THE INTERACTION BETWEEN WOMEN AND
DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES RATHER THAN PURELY ON STRATEGIES TO INTEGRATE
WOMEN INTO DEVELOPMENT.
GENDER AND
DEVELOPMENT (GAD)
- GAD IS A DEVELOPMENT APPROACH THAT SEEKS TO EQUALIZE
THE STATUS AND CONDITION OF AND RELATIONS BETWEEN
WOMEN AND MEN BY INFLUENCING THE PROCESS AND OUTPUTS
OF POLICYMAKING, PLANNING, BUDGETING, IMPLEMENTATION,
AND MONITORING AND EVALUATION SO THAT THEY WOULD
DELIBERATELY ADDRESS THE GENDER ISSUES AND CONCERNS
AFFECTING THE FULL DEVELOPMENT OF WOMEN.
 PRACTICAL APPROACHES
01. 02. 03.
THE WELFARE APPROACH THE EQUITY APPROACH THE ANTI-POVERTY APPROACH
- THE WELFARE APPROACH IS - THE EQUITY APPROACH EMERGED - THIS APPROACH
ONE OF THE EARLIEST DURING THE UNITED NATIONS FOCUSES ON BOTH THE
DECADE FOR WOMEN (1975–1985)
STRATEGIES IN THE FIELD OF AND IS ONE OF THE EARLY FEMINIST PRODUCTIVE AND
WOMEN AND DEVELOPMENT. IT RESPONSES TO THE LIMITATIONS OF REPRODUCTIVE ROLE OF
EMERGED AROUND THE 1950S THE WELFARE AND WOMEN IN WOMEN WITH AN
TO EARLY 1970S AND WAS DEVELOPMENT (WID) MODELS. EMPHASIS ON
PRIMARILY FOCUSED ON SATISFACTION OF BASIC
IT FOCUSES ON ENSURING THAT
ADDRESSING THE PRACTICAL WOMEN RECEIVE EQUAL NEEDS AND THE
NEEDS OF WOMEN. OPPORTUNITIES, RESOURCES, AND PRODUCTIVITY OF
BENEFITS IN DEVELOPMENT WOMEN.
 PRACTICAL APPROACHES
04. 05.
THE EFFICIENCY APPROACH THE EMPOWERMENT APPROACH
THE
AIM OF THE EMPOWERMENT
THE AIM OF THIS APPROACH APPROACH
HAS BEEN INCREASED IS TO INCREASE THE SELF-
PRODUCTION AND ECONOMIC RELIANCE OF
WOMEN AND TO INFLUENCE
GROWTH WITH AN EMPHASIS ON CHANGE AT
FULL USE OF HUMAN THE POLICY, LEGISLATIVE,
RESOURCES. SOCIETAL,
ECONOMIC AND OTHER LEVELS
TO THEIR
ADVANTAGE.
 REFERENCES
HTTPS://[Link]/ANALYSISTOOLKIT/GENDER-CONCEPTS-AND-DEFINITIONS/

HTTPS://[Link]/PH/DOCUMENT/DON-HONORIO-VENTURA-TECHNOLOGICAL-
STATE-UNIVERSITY/READING-IN-PHILIPPINE-HISTORY/GENDER-AND-DEVELOPMENT/11130989

HTTPS://[Link]/?
FBCLID=IWY2XJAWLXLTZLEHRUA2FLBQIXMQABHLXROCPZZGDR_OKWYNG9KARXGPISWABXLGDF0
VONSHE7D48TNWCLG0Q9-_GF_AEM_NLI29117ADRHWE-L-BU2NA

HTTPS://[Link]/DOCUMENT/80627888/GENDER-AND-DEVELOPMENT?
FBCLID=IWY2XJAWLXLRPLEHRUA2FLBQIXMQABHNBN19L7QVG7ML6NCFASRMHAWINOI2GWSPYUWS
CALIJ4XFJMA0WP1YGJPKIE_AEM_7ELSKDVYEMUW4_U6NZR33AHTTPS://[Link]/[Link]

HTTPS://[Link]/MEDIA/DOCUMENTS/WOMEN_GENDER_DEV.PDF
THANK YOU
VERY
MUCH!
• According to Oxford dictionary, empowerment is authority or power
given to someone to do something. "individuals are given
empowerment to create their own dwellings"
• According to Oxford dictionary, empowerment is the process of
becoming stronger and more confident, especially in controlling
one's life and claiming one's rights. "political steps for the
empowerment of women"
• According to Wikipedia, empowerment is the degree of autonomy
and self-determination in people and in communities. This enables
them to represent their interests in a responsible and self-determined
way, acting on their own authority.
• According to Oxford dictionary, resiliency is the capacity to withstand or to
recover quickly from difficulties; toughness. "the remarkable resilience of so
many institutions"

• According to American Association, resilience is the process and outcome of

successfully adapting to difficult or challenging life experiences, especially
through mental, emotional, and behavioral flexibility and adjustment to
external and internal demands.
• Empowerment promotes resourcefulness and skill-building that help
individuals and communities overcome social barriers and create
opportunities for growth.

• Resilience is a multidisciplinary concept explored by social workers,

psychologists, sociologists, educators, and others. Resilience theory focuses
on the strengths and capabilities people and systems use to rise above
adversity and navigate challenges effectively.
• Personal Empowerment - Personal empowerment involves individuals
gaining confidence self-awareness, and a sense of control over their own
lives. It encompasses recognizing one's strengths, setting and achieving
personal goals, and cultivating a positive self-image.
• Social Empowerment - Social empowerment focuses on enhancing
individuals participation in social and community life. It involves fostering
social connections building supportive networks, and engaging in
collective action to address shared concerns or advocate for change.
• Political Empowerment - Political empowerment refers to individuals
ability to participate in political processes, exercise their rights, and
influence decision-making. It includes voting, advocacy, political
organizing, and engaging in civic activities to shape public policies and
institutions.
• Cultural Empowerment: Cultural empowerment focuses on recognizing
and valuing individuals cultural identities, heritage, and traditions. It
involves preserving cultural practices, challenging stereotypes and
discrimination, and promoting cultural diversity and inclusion.
• Educational Empowerment: Educational empowerment centers on
individuals access to quality education, lifelong learning opportunities,
and critical thinking skills. It includes acquiring knowledge, developing
skills, and fostering intellectual curiosity and creativity
• Gender Empowerment: Gender empowerment addresses disparities and
inequalities based on gender identity and promotes gender equality and
women's rights. It involves challenging gender norms, eliminating
discrimination and violence, and ensuring equal opportunities and
representation for all genders.
• Community Empowerment: Community empowerment focuses on
strengthening communities capacity to address their own needs, solve
problems, and create positive change. It involves building social capital
fostering collaboration, and mobilizing resources for collective action ano
community development.
• Environmental Empowerment: Environmental empowerment entails
individuals engagement in environmental stewardship, sustainability, and
conservation efforts. It involves raising awareness about environmental
issues, advocating for environmental policies, and adopting sustainable
practices in daily life.
• Technological Empowerment: Technological empowerment refers to
individuals access to and mastery of technology to enhance their
opportunities and well-being. It includes digital literacy, access to
information and communication technologies, and leveraging technolog)
or education, entrepreneurship, and social change.
• Critical Consciousness: Empowerment encourages awareness of social
injustices, discrimination, and systemic power imbalances. It promotes
critical thinking, reflection, and collective action to challenge oppression
and drive social transformation.
• Resilience: Empowerment strengthens individuals’ ability to cope with
adversity, overcome challenges, and recover from setbacks. It focuses on
building resilience, developing effective coping strategies, and creating
strong support systems to help navigate difficulties.
• Rights and Justice: Empowerment is deeply connected to human rights,
social justice, and equity. It involves recognizing and upholding each
person’s dignity, rights, and equality, while also advocating for systemic
changes that address structural barriers and promote inclusion.
• Community and Collective Action: Empowerment goes beyond the
individual and includes the collective strength of communities. It
encourages unity, collaboration, and joint efforts to tackle shared issues,
defend common interests, and drive meaningful, lasting change
• Competence Is the ability to know how to handle stressful situations
effectively.

• Confidence Is the belief in one's own abilities and is rooted in competence.

• Connection Is the sense of security that comes from close and healthy
relationships with family, friends, and the wider community.

• Character Good character refers to a child's integrity, responsibility, and

fundamental sense of right and wrong. These strong values form the basis
for making wise choices when faced with ditticult situations.
• Contribution Is the way that a child can help make the world a better place.
Teaching children - even very young children - how they can contribute to
the world around them can give them a strong sense of purpose and
meaning.

• Coping Refers to the mechanisms that people utilize to deal with stressful
situations in a healthy way.

• Control A child experiences a sense of control when they recognize that

they can affect situations in their lives. Children are more likely to bounce
back from difficulties when they realize that they have some control over
the outcome.
[Link] FACTORS
[Link] FACTORS
[Link] SYSTEMATIC
FACTORS
Empowering individuals and communities to take control of their lives
is essential for creating lasting positive change. This involves ensuring
access to vital resources, education, and support systems that help
people make informed decisions and overcome challenges. It is
equally important to recognize and highlight the resilience of
individuals and communities as they face adversity—acknowledging
the strengths, coping strategies, and determination they demonstrate
in navigating hardships and rising above setbacks.
• BabeshieRegpala. (n.d.). Empowerment and resiliency
model [PowerPoint slides]. SlideShare.
[Link]
and-resiliency-modelpptx/266804760
 RIGHTS-BASED
APPROACH (RBA)
Integrating Human Rights into Development and Social Work
WHAT IS A RIGHTS-BASED APPROACH?

A framework that integrates international human rights

norms and standards into policy, programs, and
practice.
Emphasizes equality, participation, accountability, and
non-discrimination.
Shifts from needs-based to rights-based thinking.
CORE PRINCIPLES OF RBA

1. Participation
Everyone has the right to participate in decisions which affect their
human rights .
Participation must be active, free and meaningful, and give
attention to issues of accessibility, including access to information
in a form and a language which can be understood.
CORE PRINCIPLES OF RBA

2. ACCOUNTABILITY
Requires effective monitoring of compliance with human
rights standards and achievement of human rights goals,
as well as effective remedies for human rights breaches
CORE PRINCIPLES OF RBA

3. TRANSPARENCY
Openness and clarity with which stakeholders, including
social workers, organizations, and institutions,
communicate their processes, decisions, and policies
regarding the rights and entitlements of individuals and
communities.
CORE PRINCIPLES OF RBA

4. STATE RESPONSIBILITY
The obligation of the state (government and its
institutions) to respect, protect, nad fulfill the rights of
individuals and communities. This principle is foundational
to ensuring social justice and human rights within society.
RIGHTS HOLDERS AND DUTY BEARERS

RIGHTS HOLDERS
is entitled to rights

is entitled to claim rights

is entitled to hold the duty-bearer accountable

has a responsibility to respect the rights of others

RIGHTS HOLDERS AND DUTY BEARERS

DUTY-BEARER
has the obligation to respect, protect, and
fulfill the rights of the rights-holders
BENEFITS OF RBA
Promotes sustainability and long-term
solutions
Encourages participation and
empowerment
Enhances accountability and transparency
Addresses root causes of inequality
CHALLENGES IN IMPLEMENTING RBA

Limited awareness or capacity

Need for cultural/contextual adaptation
Resource constraints
CONCLUSION
RBA offers a powerful framework for sustainable
and just development.
It promotes dignity, empowerment, and
accountability.
Social workers play a crucial role in promoting
human rights at all levels.
REFERENCE:
Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. (n.d.). Frequently asked questions
on a human rights-based approach to development cooperation. United Nations.
[Link]
publications/frequently-asked-questions-human-rights-based
Save the Children. (2007). Child rights programming: How to apply rights-based
approaches to programming – A toolkit for civil society organisations in South Asia.
[Link]
apply-rights-based-approaches-programming-toolkit-civil-society/
International Federation of Social Workers. (2018). Global social work statement of
ethical principles. [Link]
principles/
THANK
YOU
 STRENGTH
BASED
PERSPECTIVE
Divine Faith Rodriguez
Geezrel Faith Estonilo
Abby Cristel Alicaya
 Strength
Perspective
Emphasizes people’s abilities, values,
interest, beliefs, resources,
accomplishments and aspirations.
The strengths perspective is closely
related to the concept of
“empowerment” which is central to
social work.
 Strength
Perspective

A holistic approach that focuses on

the strengths and resources of
individuals, families, and
communities, rather than their
problems and deficits.
 Five Principles of Strength-Based
Perspective
1 2 3 4 5
Every individual,
Trauma and abuse, Assume what you We best serve our Every environment
group, family and
illnesses and do not know as the clients by is full of resources
community has
struggles may be upper limits of the collaborating with
strength
injurious, but may capacity to grow them
also be sources of and change and take
challenge and the individual,
opportunities. group, and
community
aspiration seriously.
Main Principles
of the Strengths
Perspective are
for Social
Workers to:
 Main Principles of the
Strengths Perspective are for
Social Workers to:

Recognize that every individual,

group, family, and community has
strengths and resource
 Main Principles of the
Strengths Perspective are for
Social Workers to:

Engage in systematic assessment of

strengths and resources
Main Principles of the Strengths
Perspective are for Social
Workers to:

Realize that while trauma, abuse, illness

and struggle may be injurious, they may
also be sources of challenge and
opportunity
Main Principles of the Strengths
Perspective are for Social
Workers to:

Honor client-set goals and aspirations

for growth and change
 Main Principles of the
Strengths Perspective are for
Social Workers to:

Serve clients’ and communities’

interests through collaboration with
them as directors of their own
helping process
 Main Principles of the
Strengths Perspective are for
Social Workers to:

Mobilize the strengths and

resources of clients, relationships,
and environments
Qualities of
Strength
Perspective
 Qualities of Strength Qualities of Strength
Perspective Perspective
•Focus on client as a collaborator

•Environment is seen as rich in Gives voice to client’s perspectives,

opportunities and resources existing helps negotiate definitions and goals
within and around the individual, that include these perspectives
family, and community
 Qualities of Strength Qualities of Strength
Perspective Perspective

Use of formal and informal Focus on client outcomes in

community resources imaginatively assessing policy effectiveness
Limitations of
Strength
Perspective
 Limitations

●Methods for measuring

outcomes are limited

Limitations

Little Emprical Data

 1. Focus on strengths
[Link]
Key Points Relationship
[Link] and
Empowerment
[Link] and
Environmental Resources
[Link]- Directed Goals
Thank You!
Program and Sir Johny
Development